scholarly journals Relationship between Motor Estimation Error and Physical Function in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Medicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Katsuya Sakai ◽  
Tsubasa Kawasaki ◽  
Yumi Ikeda ◽  
Keita Tominaga ◽  
Kohei Kurihara
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Error Distance ◽  
Step Distance

Background: Motor estimation error is an index of how accurately one’s body movement is recognized. This study determines whether motor estimation error distance is a Parkinson’s disease (PD)- or age-related disability using a two-step task. Methods: The participants were 19 PD patients and 58 elderly people with disabilities. A two-step prediction test and an actual two-step test were performed. The motor estimation error distance (prediction of two-step distance minus actual two-step distance) and error rate between the two groups were compared. We conducted a correlation analysis between the motor estimation error and clinical factor (e.g., Hoehn and Yahr stage (H & Y), Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)) related to PD. Results: The motor estimation error distance was not significantly different between the PD patient group and the elderly group with disabilities. However, significant correlations between motor estimation error and H & Y, and between motor estimation error and UPDRS part II, were observed. The error rate was significantly correlated with the Fall Efficacy Scale. Conclusions: The motor estimation error distance is influenced by both aging and PD.

scholarly journals Predicting neuropsychiatric symptoms of Parkinson’s disease with measures of striatal dopaminergic deficiency

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Bishnoi ◽  
Marina C. Badir ◽  
Sandarsh Surya ◽  
Nagy A. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dopamine Transporter ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Dopamine Transporters ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACTThe role of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons degeneration is well established in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease. However, it is unclear if and how the degeneration of the dopamine pathways affects the manifestation of the neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging, a technique to measure the reduction in the dopamine transporters is increasingly used as a tool in the diagnosis of PD. In this study, we examine if the baseline dopamine transporter density in the striatum measured by striatal binding ratio (SBR) is associated with the longitudinal onset and/or progression of NPS in PD as measured by the part 1 of Movement Disorder Society - Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, over four years. Data of patients with PD and an abnormal screening present on 123I-ioflupane single-proton emission computed tomography were obtained from Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database. Latent Growth Modeling (LGM), a statistical technique that can model the change over time while considering the variability in rate of change at the individual level was used to examine the progression of NPS over time. The results indicate the SBR did not correlate with the baseline NPS but did correlate with the rate of change of NPS (p<0.001) over the next four years, even after eliminating age related variance which can be a significant confounding factor. In conclusion, this study showed gradual worsening in NPS in patients with Parkinson’s disease which inversely correlates with the density of the dopamine transporters as measured by SBR at baseline.

scholarly journals Glutathione as a Biomarker in Parkinson’s Disease: Associations with Aging and Disease Severity

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie K. Mischley ◽  
Leanna J. Standish ◽  
Noel S. Weiss ◽  
Jeannie M. Padowski ◽  
Terrance J. Kavanagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Patient Reported

Objectives. Oxidative stress contributes to Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathophysiology and progression. The objective was to describe central and peripheral metabolites of redox metabolism and to describe correlations between glutathione (Glu) status, age, and disease severity.Methods. 58 otherwise healthy individuals with PD were examined during a single study visit. Descriptive statistics and scatterplots were used to evaluate normality and distribution of this cross-sectional sample. Blood tests and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) were used to collect biologic data. Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the strength and direction of the association. The Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes in PD (PRO-PD) were used to rate disease severity using regression analysis.Results. Blood measures of Glu decreased with age, although there was no age-related decline in MRS Glu. The lower the blood Glu concentration, the more severe the UPDRS (P=0.02, 95% CI: −13.96, −1.14) and the PRO-PD (P=0.01, 95% CI: −0.83, −0.11) scores.Discussion. These data suggest whole blood Glu may have utility as a biomarker in PD. Future studies should evaluate whether it is a modifiable risk factor for PD progression and whether Glu fortification improves PD outcomes.

scholarly journals Camera-based objective measures of Parkinson’s disease gait features

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannis van Kersbergen ◽  
Karen Otte ◽  
Nienke M. de Vries ◽  
Bastiaan R. Bloem ◽  
Hanna M. Röhling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Microsoft Kinect ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Gait Features

Abstract Objective Parkinson’s disease is a common, age-related, neurodegenerative disease, affecting gait and other motor functions. Technological developments in consumer imaging are starting to provide high-quality, affordable tools for home-based diagnosis and monitoring. This pilot study aims to investigate whether a consumer depth camera can capture changes in gait features of Parkinson’s patients. The dataset consisted of 19 patients (tested in both a practically defined OFF phase and ON phase) and 8 controls, who performed the “Timed-Up-and-Go” test multiple times while being recorded with the Microsoft Kinect V2 sensor. Camera-derived features were step length, average walking speed and mediolateral sway. Motor signs were assessed clinically using the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale. Results We found significant group differences between patients and controls for step length and average walking speed, showing the ability to detect Parkinson’s features. However, there were no differences between the ON and OFF medication state, so further developments are needed to allow for detection of small intra-individual changes in symptom severity.

scholarly journals Axial Signs and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlates in Parkinson's Disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernish J. Acharya ◽  
Thomas P. Bouchard ◽  
Derek J. Emery ◽  
Richard M. Camicioli
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Ventricular Volume ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Disease Rating ◽  
Brain Changes ◽  
Dual Echo

Background:Age-related brain changes may contribute to axial features in Parkinson's disease (PD).Objectives:To determine if ventricular volume and white matter high signal changes (WMC) are related to motor signs in PD and controls independent of age.Methods:Patients were rated with the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (subscore A: tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and facial expression; subscore B: speech and axial impairment). Steps and time taken to walk 9.144 meters were measured. Total ventricular volume (TVV) and intracranial volume (ICV) were measured on T1-weighted MRI using manual tracing software. WMC were rated on axial T2-weighted, dual-echo or FLAIR MR images using a visual scale.Results:TVV (cm3) (PD: 36.48 ± 15.93; controls: 32.16 ± 14.20, p = 0.21) and WMC did not differ between groups (PD: 3.7 ± 4.2; controls: 3.2 ± 3.1, p = 0.55). Age correlated positively with ICV-corrected TVV and WMC in PD (cTVV: r = 0.48, p = 0.003; WMC: r=0.42, p=0.01) and controls (cTVV: r = 0.31, p = 0.04; WMC: r=0.44, p=0.003). Subscore B (r = 0.42, p = 0.01) but not subscore A (r = 0.25, p = 0.14) correlated with cTVV in PD. Steps and walking time correlated with cTVV and WMC in PD; cadence correlated with cTVV and steps with WMC in controls. Age-adjustment eliminated correlations.Conclusion:Subscore B, but not subscore A correlated positively with ventricular volume in PD, though this association was accounted for by age. Age-related brain change super-imposed on PD may contribute to axial features.

scholarly journals Predicting Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease with Measures of Striatal Dopaminergic Deficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Bishnoi ◽  
Marina C. Badir ◽  
Sandarsh Surya ◽  
Nagy A. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dopamine Transporter ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Dopamine Transporters ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Over Time

Background: The role of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons degeneration is well established in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease. However, it is unclear if and how the degeneration of the dopamine pathways affects the manifestation of the neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging, a technique to measure the reduction in dopamine transporters is increasingly used as a tool in the diagnosis of PD. Methods: In this study, we examine if the baseline dopamine transporter density in the striatum measured by the striatal binding ratio (SBR) is associated with the longitudinal onset and/or pro- gression of NPS in PD as measured by part 1 of Movement Disorder Society - Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, over four years. Data of patients with PD and an abnormal screening present on 123I-ioflupane single-proton emission computed tomography were obtained from Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database. Latent Growth Modeling (LGM), a statistical tech- nique that can model the change over time while considering the variability in the rate of change at the individual level, was used to examine the progression of NPS over time. Results: The results indicate the SBR did not correlate with the baseline NPS but did correlate with the rate of change of NPS (p<0.001) over the next four years, even after eliminating age-related variance, which can be a significant confounding factor. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study showed gradual worsening in NPS in patients with Parkinson’s disease, which inversely correlates with the density of the dopamine transporters as measured by SBR at baseline.

scholarly journals Aberrant expression of microRNA-132-3p and microRNA-146a-5p in Parkinson’s disease patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 647-653
Author(s):  
Yu Shu ◽  
Jinjun Qian ◽  
Chunyan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Braak Staging ◽  
Age Related

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder which is assessed based on the motor symptoms. A number of microRNAs (miRNAs) are dysregulated and involved in the pathogenesis or development of PD. However, no confirmed markers are used for the early detection of PD. The present study aimed to elucidate the potential two miRNAs (miR-132-3p and miR-146-5p) as novel markers for early PD diagnosis. In the present study, the expression levels of miR-132-3p and miR-146-5p in serum samples from 82 patients with PD and 44 healthy volunteers were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the correlation analysis was performed between aberrant miRNAs and Braak staging, Part V of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS-V; the modified Hoehn and Yahr staging of PD) and Part III of the UPDRS-III. Subsequently, the receiver–operating characteristic (ROC) curve results of miR-132-3p and miR-146-5p from healthy volunteers for PD prediction and from severe PD patients were assessed. From the results it was observed that miR-132-3p and miR-146a-5p expressions were significantly decreased in the serum samples of patients with PD compared to those in the healthy volunteers. Moreover, the expressions of miR-132-3p and miR-146a-5p showed a dramatic decrease in severe PD patients as compared to the normal PD patients. Meanwhile, miR-132-3p and miR-146-5p expressions were negatively correlated with Braak staging (r = −0.45, P < 0.0001; r = −0.51, P < 0.0001), UPDRS-III (r = −0.55, P < 0.0001; r = −0.51, P < 0.0001) and UPDRS-V scores (r = − 0.46, P < 0.0001; r = −0.45, P < 0.0001) in PD patients. The area under the curve (AUC) results of miR-132-3p and miR-146a-5p in discriminating PD patients from the healthy controls were 0.7325 (95% CI = 0.6400–0.8251) and 0.7295 (95% CI = 0.3658–0.8232). Moreover, the AUC results of miR-132-3p and miR-146-5p concerning discriminating severe PD patients from normal PD patients were 0.8175 (95% CI = 0.7229–0.9121) and 0.7921 (95% CI = 0.6937–0.8905). In other words, both miR-132-3p and miR-146a-5p may function as promising biomarkers for early diagnosis of PD.

Parkinson's Disease Cognitive Functional Rating Scale

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Kulisevsky ◽  
Ramón Fernández de Bobadilla ◽  
Javier Pagonabarraga
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Rating Scale

scholarly journals Azathioprine immunosuppression and disease modification in Parkinson’s disease (AZA-PD): a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled phase II trial protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e040527
Author(s):  
Julia C Greenland ◽  
Emma Cutting ◽  
Sonakshi Kadyan ◽  
Simon Bond ◽  
Anita Chhabra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography Imaging ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Immunosuppressant Medication

IntroductionThe immune system is implicated in the aetiology and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Inflammation and immune activation occur both in the brain and in the periphery, and a proinflammatory cytokine profile is associated with more rapid clinical progression. Furthermore, the risk of developing PD is related to genetic variation in immune-related genes and reduced by the use of immunosuppressant medication. We are therefore conducting a ‘proof of concept’ trial of azathioprine, an immunosuppressant medication, to investigate whether suppressing the peripheral immune system has a disease-modifying effect in PD.Methods and analysisAZA-PD is a phase II randomised placebo-controlled double-blind trial in early PD. Sixty participants, with clinical markers indicating an elevated risk of disease progression and no inflammatory or immune comorbidity, will be treated (azathioprine:placebo, 1:1) for 12 months, with a further 6-month follow-up. The primary outcome is the change in the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale gait/axial score in the OFF state over the 12-month treatment period. Exploratory outcomes include additional measures of motor and cognitive function, non-motor symptoms and quality of life. In addition, peripheral and central immune markers will be investigated through analysis of blood, cerebrospinal fluid and PK-11195 positron emission tomography imaging.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the London-Westminster research ethics committee (reference 19/LO/1705) and has been accepted by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) for a clinical trials authorisation (reference CTA 12854/0248/001–0001). In addition, approval has been granted from the Administration of Radioactive Substances Advisory Committee. The results of this trial will be disseminated through publication in scientific journals and presentation at national and international conferences, and a lay summary will be available on our website.Trial registration numbersISRCTN14616801 and EudraCT- 2018-003089-14.

scholarly journals Glucocerebrosidase Activity is Reduced in Cryopreserved Parkinson’s Disease Patient Monocytes and Inversely Correlates with Motor Severity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Laura P. Hughes ◽  
Marilia M.M. Pereira ◽  
Deborah A. Hammond ◽  
John B. Kwok ◽  
Glenda M. Halliday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Classical Monocytes

Background: Reduced activity of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase is found in brain tissue from Parkinson’s disease patients. Glucocerebrosidase is also highly expressed in peripheral blood monocytes where its activity is decreased in Parkinson’s disease patients, even in the absence of GBA mutation. Objective: To measure glucocerebrosidase activity in cryopreserved peripheral blood monocytes from 30 Parkinson’s disease patients and 30 matched controls and identify any clinical correlation with disease severity. Methods: Flow cytometry was used to measure lysosomal glucocerebrosidase activity in total, classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes. All participants underwent neurological examination and motor severity was assessed by the Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale. Results: Glucocerebrosidase activity was significantly reduced in the total and classical monocyte populations from the Parkinson’s disease patients compared to controls. GCase activity in classical monocytes was inversely correlated to motor symptom severity. Conclusion: Significant differences in monocyte glucocerebrosidase activity can be detected in Parkinson’s disease patients using cryopreserved mononuclear cells and monocyte GCase activity correlated with motor features of disease. Being able to use cryopreserved cells will facilitate the larger multi-site trials needed to validate monocyte GCase activity as a Parkinson’s disease biomarker.

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