scholarly journals Influence of Modified Bio-Coals on Carbonization and Bio-Coke Reactivity

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Asmaa A. El-Tawil ◽  
Bo Björkman ◽  
Maria Lundgren ◽  
Frida Bäck ◽  
Lena Sundqvist Ökvist
Keyword(s):  
Coal Ash ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Potassium Oxide ◽  
Coking Coal ◽  
Coal Blend ◽  
Coke Reactivity ◽  
Reactive Carbon ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gasification Temperature

Substitution of coal in coking coal blend with bio-coal is a potential way to reduce fossil CO2 emissions from iron and steelmaking. The current study aims to explore possible means to counteract negative influence from bio-coal in cokemaking. Washing and kaolin coating of bio-coals were conducted to remove or bind part of the compounds in the bio-coal ash that catalyzes the gasification of coke with CO2. To further explore how the increase in coke reactivity is related to more reactive carbon in bio-coal or catalytic oxides in bio-coal ash, ash was produced from a corresponding amount of bio-coal and added to the coking coal blend for carbonization. The reaction behavior of coals and bio-coals under carbonization conditions was studied in a thermogravimetric analyzer equipped with a mass spectrometer during carbonization. The impact of the bio-coal addition on the fluidity of the coking coal blend was studied in optical dilatometer tests for coking coal blends with and without the addition of bio-coal or bio-coal ash. The result shows that the washing of bio-coal will result in lower or even negative dilatation. The washing of bio-coals containing a higher amount of catalytic components will reduce the negative effect on bio-coke reactivity, especially with acetic acid washing when the start of gasification temperature is less lowered. The addition of bio-coal coated with 5% kaolin do not significantly lower the dilatation-relative reference coking coal blend. The reactivity of bio-cokes containing bio-coal coated with kaolin-containing potassium oxide was higher in comparison to bio-coke containing the original bio-coal. The addition of ash from 5% of torrefied bio-coals has a moderate effect on lowering the start of gasification temperature, which indicates that the reactive carbon originating from bio-coal has a larger impact.

scholarly journals Influence of Bio-Coal Properties on Carbonization and Bio-Coke Reactivity

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1752
Author(s):  
Asmaa A. El-Tawil ◽  
Bo Björkman ◽  
Maria Lundgren ◽  
Astrid Robles ◽  
Lena Sundqvist Ökvist
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Coke Strength ◽  
Coking Coal ◽  
Coke Reactivity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Coal Properties ◽  
The Impact

Coke corresponds to 2/3–3/4 of the reducing agents in BF, and by the partial replacement of coking coals with 5–10% of bio-coal, the fossil CO2 emissions from the BF can be lowered by ~4–8%. Coking coal blends with 5% and 10% additions of bio-coals (pre-treated biomass) of different origins and pre-treatment degrees were carbonized at laboratory scale and with a 5% bio-coal addition at technical scale, aiming to understand the impact on the bio-coal properties (ash amount and composition, volatile matter content) and the addition of bio-coke reactivity. A thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) connected to a quadrupole mass spectroscope monitored the residual mass and off-gases during carbonization. To explore the effect of bio-coal addition on plasticity, optical dilatometer tests were conducted for coking coal blends with 5% and 10% bio-coal addition. The plasticity was lowered with increasing bio-coal addition, but pyrolyzed biomass had a less negative effect on the plasticity compared to torrefied biomasses with a high content of oxygen. The temperature for starting the gasification of coke was in general lowered to a greater extent for bio-cokes produced from coking coal blends containing bio-coals with higher contents of catalyzing oxides. There was no significant difference in the properties of laboratory and technical scale produced coke, in terms of reactivity as measured by TGA. Bio-coke produced with 5% of high temperature torrefied pelletized biomass showed a similar coke strength as reference coke after reaction.

scholarly journals The impact of coal ash and slag dump on the quality of surface and ground waters - a case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-530
Author(s):  
Ivana Cipranic ◽  
Radmila Markovic ◽  
Stefan Djordjievski ◽  
Zoran Stevanovic ◽  
Marija Stevanovic
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Physical Treatment ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Slag Dump ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the assessment of the impact of coal ash and slag from the ?Maljevac? dump on the quality of water of Paleski Creek, Montenegro. The obtained results confirm the negative influence of surface and groundwater from the dump on the water from the Paleski Creek. The results obtained by testing of the water samples, collected from Paleski Creek upstream of the dump, indicate that the water is qualified to be used for drinking, after simple physical treatment and disinfection. The results obtained for the water samples collected from the Paleski creek downstream from the dump indicate that the water could be safe for drinking only after the treatment that requires an intensive physical, chemical and biological processing, including some extended treatment.

scholarly journals The Impact of Air Pollution on the Development of Inbound Tourism in Chinese Megacities: The Case Study of Beijing, Guangzhou and Chongqing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nianlin Zhou ◽  
Yeli Gu ◽  
Manyuan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Fixed Investment ◽  
Inbound Tourism ◽  
New Business ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

The existing studies pay more attention to the impact of public transport and other public service facilities on urban air pollution and tourism, but less on the negative effect of air pollution caused by carbon emissions of business fixed investment on inbound tourism. This article attempts to make a supplementary analysis about the above point through examining the correlation between air pollution associate with business fixed investment and the size of inbound tourism based on panel data of three megacities (Beijing, Guangzhou and Chongqing) in China over the period from 2015 to 2019. The findings of this paper show that the effects of air pollution linked with carbon emissions from business fixed investment on the number of inbound tourists (NIT) is a negative correlation, while the influence of GDP per capita and tourism revenue on NIT reveal a positive relationship by applying fixed effects model for benchmark regression and the system-GMM estimator for robustness check. Moreover, the negative influence of PM 10 on sample cities is more than PM2.5. Some different results of core variables between benchmark and sub-sample regressions don’t imply the above conclusion to be substantively changed because of different distribution and concentration of nominal inbound tourists in specific sample megacities. In order to fundamentally improve air quality and to stimulate the development of inbound tourism, the suggestion of this study is to promote new business fixed investment with clean energy of renewable and low carbon.

scholarly journals Does Economic Growth and Inflation Impact Consumer Confidence during a Pandemic? An Empirical Analysis in EU Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Larissa Bătrâncea
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Monetary Policies ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
Inflation Rates ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The study investigates the capacity of European Union member states to face the effects of the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Namely, by means of a panel data analysis, the study reports on the impact of economic growth (proxied by gross domestic product) and inflation rates (proxied by harmonized indices of consumer prices) on the overall confidence indicator corresponding to 27 EU countries for the period fourth quarter 2019–third quarter 2020. Results showed that inflation had a negative influence on the confidence indicator during the pandemic crisis, while economic growth had no impact. The negative effect triggered by inflation uncovered the impact of monetary policies and fiscal policies on the staggering level of public debt. The study emphasizes that inflation plays a significant role in the market economy, reason for which governments should monitor this factor when trying to stimulate the economy and set appropriate policies for eliminating negative consequences of potential future recession periods.

Failures of Concrete Slit Drains, Caused by Negative Effect of their Erroneous Integration into Surrounding Multi-Layer Road Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 1152-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Tej ◽  
Jiří Kolísko
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Thermal Expansivity ◽  
Concrete Slabs ◽  
Road Systems ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Concrete slit drains (also known as slot drains) are being used for the draining of highways and roads, as well as for large handling and parking areas. Recently, this system of drainage has become increasingly applied, which does, however, bring with it an increased incidence of failures. The study concentrates on the failures of concrete slit drains, caused by the negative effect of their defective integration into surrounding multi-layer road systems. It starts with a theoretical analysis of the problem, i.e. the negative influence of thermal expansivity of surrounding concrete slabs on slit drains, the impact of their shrinkage, and the co-action of these factors. In addition, it presents a computer numerical analysis of a concrete slit drain loaded by the pressure of adjacent concrete slabs exposed to temperature effects and shrinkage. The most frequent stresses are modelled and the relevant results introduced.

Impact of Islamic religiosity on materialistic values in Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Ilter ◽  
Gul Bayraktaroglu ◽  
Ilayda Ipek
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to test Islamic religiosity scale’s reliability and validity and to evaluate the impact of Islamic religiosity on materialism in Turkey. Design/methodology/approach Using a quantitative research method, a self-administered survey was distributed to the students of two faculties – Faculty of Theology and Faculty of Business – of the same university in Izmir, Turkey. In total, 400 questionnaires for each faculty were distributed and a total of 529 completed questionnaires – 326 from the Faculty of Theology and 203 from the Faculty of Business – were returned. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted via SPSS and AMOS. Findings Islamic religiosity and materialism have been found to be negatively correlated, supporting the existing literature. However, not all the dimensions of Islamic religiosity (behavioral religiosity, spiritual religiosity and necessity of religion) had this negative effect on materialism (possession-defined success, acquisition centrality and acquisition as the pursuit of happiness). Negative influence of “behavioral religiosity” on all three dimensions of materialism was observed. However, the “spirituality” dimension of religiosity was found to have a positive impact, while the “necessity of religion” had no significant impact on the dimensions of materialism. Research limitations/implications A sample consisting of undergraduate students might limit the generalizability of the findings to Turkish Islamic population in general. This study is one of the first attempts to test the Islamic religiosity scale which needs to be further analyzed and developed. Originality/value The present study will contribute to the literature by testing an Islamic religiosity scale developed by a Turkish researcher. Besides, this is the only study undertaken on the impact of Islamic religiosity on materialism using an Islamic religiosity scale.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Impact of Exports and Investment on Indonesian Economic Growth

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-101
Author(s):  
Alfred Leonard ◽  
Tanti Novianti ◽  
Sri Mulatsih
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Average Share ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

The average share of net exports to Indonesia's economic growth was only 1.01% in the last 30 years. The contribution and important role of manufacturing industry exports in total national exports ranged from 73.62 – 80.91% with an average of 78.30% in the last 10 years (2010 – 2020). This study aims to analyze the impact of manufacturing industry exports and investment on economic growth through the export-led growth hypothesis. The results show that there is a long-term relationship between foreign investment, domestic investment, employment, and manufacturing industry exports to GDP. Domestic investment and manufacturing exports have a positive effect on GDP, on the other hand, foreign investment and employment have a negative effect. An indication of the negative influence of FDI in Indonesia is due to the low rate of economic return. In addition, the negative effect of labor absorption is indicated by the unavailability of adequate employment opportunities.

The Transnational Women's Rights Movement and the World Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi E. Rademacher
Keyword(s):  
Women's Rights ◽  
Small Body ◽  
World System ◽  
World Society ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Social Movement Organizations ◽  
Global Movement ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Society Perspective ◽  
The Impact

Promoting the ratification of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) was a key objective of the transnational women's movement of the 1980s and 1990s. Yet, few studies examine what factors contribute to ratification. The small body of literature on this topic comes from a world-society perspective, which suggests that CEDAW represented a global shift toward women's rights and that ratification increased as international NGOs proliferated. However, this framing fails to consider whether diffusion varies in a stratified world-system. I combine world-society and world-systems approaches, adding to the literature by examining the impact of women's and human rights transnational social movement organizations on CEDAW ratification at varied world-system positions. The findings illustrate the complex strengths and limitations of a global movement, with such organizations having a negative effect on ratification among core nations, a positive effect in the semiperiphery, and no effect among periphery nations. This suggests that the impact of mobilization was neither a universal application of global scripts nor simply representative of the broad domination of core nations, but a complex and diverse result of civil society actors embedded in a politically stratified world.

Public space of the trustworthiness of sociological knowledge: The case of electoral research

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
OLEKSANDR STEGNII
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Sociological Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
Approval Ratings ◽  
The Impact

The paper analyses specific features of sociological data circulation in a public space during an election campaign. The basic components of this kind of space with regard to sociological research are political actors (who put themselves up for the election), voters and agents. The latter refer to professional groups whose corporate interests are directly related to the impact on the election process. Sociologists can also be seen as agents of the electoral process when experts in the field of electoral sociology are becoming intermingled with manipulators without a proper professional background and publications in this field. In a public space where an electoral race is unfolding, empirical sociological research becomes the main form of obtaining sociological knowledge, and it is primarily conducted to measure approval ratings. Electoral research serves as an example of combining the theoretical and empirical components of sociological knowledge, as well as its professional and public dimensions. Provided that sociologists meet all the professional requirements, electoral research can be used as a good tool for evaluating the trustworthiness of results reflecting the people’s expression of will. Being producers of sociological knowledge, sociologists act in two different capacities during an election campaign: as analysts and as pollsters. Therefore, it is essential that the duties and areas of responsibility for professional sociologists should be separated from those of pollsters. Another thing that needs to be noted is the negative influence that political strategists exert on the trustworthiness of survey findings which are going to be released to the public. Using the case of approval ratings as an illustration, the author analyses the most common techniques aimed at misrepresenting and distorting sociological data in the public space. Particular attention is given to the markers that can detect bogus polling companies, systemic violations during the research process and data falsification.

The Impact of Competitive Quasi-Market on Service Delivery in Benue State University, Makurdi Nigeria

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-98
Author(s):  
Idoko Peter
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
State University ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This research the impact of competitive quasi market on service delivery in Benue State University, Makurdi Nigeria. Both primary and secondary source of data and information were used for the study and questionnaire was used to extract information from the purposively selected respondents. The population for this study is one hundred and seventy three (173) administrative staff of Benue State University selected at random. The statistical tools employed was the classical ordinary least square (OLS) and the probability value of the estimates was used to tests hypotheses of the study. The result of the study indicates that a positive relationship exist between Competitive quasi marketing in Benue State University, Makurdi Nigeria (CQM) and Transparency in the service delivery (TRSP) and the relationship is statistically significant (p<0.05). Competitive quasi marketing (CQM) has a negative effect on Observe Competence in Benue State University, Makurdi Nigeria (OBCP) and the relationship is not statistically significant (p>0.05). Competitive quasi marketing (CQM) has a positive effect on Innovation in Benue State University, Makurdi Nigeria (INVO) and the relationship is statistically significant (p<0.05) and in line with a priori expectation. This means that a unit increases in Competitive quasi marketing (CQM) will result to a corresponding increase in innovation in Benue State University, Makurdi Nigeria (INVO) by a margin of 22.5%. It was concluded that government monopoly in the provision of certain types of services has greatly affected the quality of service experience in the institution. It was recommended among others that the stakeholders in the market has to be transparent so that the system will be productive to serve the society effectively

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