scholarly journals The Mechanism of Position-Mode Side Guide in Correcting Camber in Roughing Process of a Hot Strip Mill

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Kai Hsu ◽  
Jong-Ning Aoh
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Separation Distance ◽  
Time Sequence ◽  
Hot Strip Mill ◽  
Schematic Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hot Strip ◽  
Roughing Mill ◽  
Horizontal Roller

The mechanism of the position-mode side guide in correcting slab centerline profile and camber in the roughing process of a hot strip mill (HSM) was analyzed using finite element simulation. The finite element model was established based on the actual size of the roughing mill and on the actual actuating time sequence of the roughing mill in China Steel Corporation (CSC), Kaohsiung. This work could be the first to give an insight into the mechanism of side guides in correcting the slab camber. Time sequence analysis was explored to visualize the progress of centerline profile variation and the interaction between the slab and the related roughing mill components at different moments. The history of reaction forces exerted on the slab was analyzed to explain the interaction between roughing mill components and the slab. The effect of the separation distance of side guide and the effect of the slab wedge on the centerline profile was investigated. A schematic model illustrating the reactions and the resulting moments exerted on the slab was created. By examining the force history, the cross-sectional strain/stress distribution, and the roll force across the horizontal roller, the correcting mechanism of the side guide could be elucidated. The simulation results provide further knowledge in selection and dimension design of side guide to improve the effectiveness of side guide in correcting the slab profile.

Contribution of Lamb wave modes in the formation of higher order modes cluster (HOMC) guided waves

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110424
Author(s):  
Z Abbasi ◽  
F Honarvar
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Wave Packet ◽  
Lamb Wave ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Higher Order Modes ◽  
Wave Modes

In recent years, Higher Order Modes Cluster (HOMC) guided waves have been considered for ultrasonic testing of plates and pipes. HOMC guided waves consist of higher order Lamb wave modes that travel together as a single nondispersive wave packet. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of frequency-thickness value on the contribution of Lamb wave modes in an HOMC guided wave. This is an important issue that has not been thoroughly investigated before. The contribution of each Lamb wave mode in an HOMC guided wave is studied by using a two-dimensional finite element model. The level of contribution of various Lamb wave modes to the wave cluster is verified by using a 2D FFT analysis. The results show that by increasing the frequency-thickness value, the order of contributing modes in the HOMC wave packet increases. The number of modes that comprise a cluster also increases up to a specific frequency-thickness value and then it starts to decrease. Plotting of the cross-sectional displacement patterns along the HOMC guided wave paths confirms the shifting of dominant modes from lower to higher order modes with increase of frequency-thickness value. Experimental measurements conducted on a mild steel plate are used to verify the finite element simulations. The experimental results are found to be in good agreement with simulations and confirm the changes observed in the level of contribution of Lamb wave modes in a wave cluster by changing the frequency-thickness value.

scholarly journals Failure analysis of a 40 ton crane hook at a Hot Strip Mill

2018 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 10006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souvik Das ◽  
Goutam Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Sandip Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Fatigue Crack Initiation ◽  
Hot Strip Mill ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cast Structure ◽  
Hot Strip ◽  
Beach Marks

There have been accounts of repeated failure of crane hooks at the coil yard of a Hot Strip Mill which pose a serious threat to safety in the area. More than 4 hooks failed in less than 5 years. The crane hook (rated for 36000 kg) failed from the threaded shank while lifting a load of 18143 kg. The metal in the hook was revealed by chemical analysis to be killed IS: 4367 20C15 steel. The hook rod failed from a step where there was a cross sectional change and the locations were associated with machining and chatter marks. Such cross-sectional changes are the potential sites of stress concentrations leading to crack initiations. Fracture surfaces of broken pieces of hook reveal initiation of beach marks from both sides with granular rough surface at the middle of fracture zone. Beach marks initiated from both sides indicate origin of reverse bending fatigue. Distinct granular rough zone at the middle is due to final brittle fracture. Microstructure of the polished sample revealed numerous inclusions which indicate that the steel was not clean .Such a huge number of inclusions are not desirable as they can act as stress concentration sites and lead to fatigue crack initiation. Etched microstructure of failed hook reveals coarse cast structure having inhomogeneous microstructure with a mixture of ferrite and pearlite (which meant lower fatigue strength). This inhomogeneous coarser cast structure is outcome of lower reduction ratio during rolling followed by improper heat treatment process. The fracture was concluded to have occurred due to stress concentration from the step region due to inferior material (Inclusion and Improper Heat treatment process). Preventive maintenance and condition monitoring procedures should be applied to identify and minimize the risk(s) Establishment of an NDT procedure for regular basis inspection of the structural members (welded joints and hookshaped steel rods during incoming inspection and in-service).

scholarly journals A novel strain sensor using a microchannel embedded in PDMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelica Campigotto ◽  
Stephane Leahy ◽  
Ayan Choudhury ◽  
Guowei Zhao ◽  
Yongjun Lai
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Strain Sensor ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Strain Sensors ◽  
Gauge Factor ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

A novel, inexpensive, and easy-to-use strain sensor using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)  was developed. The sensor consists of a microchannel that is partially filled with a coloured liquid and embedded in a piece of PDMS. A finite element model was developed to optimize the geometry of the microchannel to achieve higher sensitivity. The highest gauge factor that was measured experimentally was 41. The gauge factor was affected by the microchannel’s square cross-sectional area, the number of basic units in the microchannel, and the inlet and outlet configuration. As a case study, the developed strain sensors were used to measure the rotation angle of the wrist and finger joints.

Behaviour of cold-formed steel built-up I-section columns composed of four U-profiles

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Anbarasu ◽  
M Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Direct Strength Method ◽  
The North ◽  
Compression Members ◽  
Cross Sectional Dimension ◽  
Cold Formed Steel

This work reports numerical results concerning the cold-formed steel built-up I-section columns composed of four U-profiles under axial compression. A finite element model is developed by using the software program ABAQUS. The developed model includes geometric, material nonlinearities and geometric imperfections. The finite element model was verified against the experimental results reported in the cold-formed steel built-up open section columns. In the parametric study, the sections are analysed with several cross-sectional dimension ratios and lengths, in order to assess their influence on the buckling behaviour and ultimate strength of cold-formed steel built-up I-section columns. After presenting and discussing the numerical parametric results, the article shows that the current direct strength method in the North American Specification for cold-formed steel compression members design curve fails to predict adequately the ultimate strength of some of the columns analysed and addresses the modification proposed on current direct strength method curves, providing improved predictions of all the numerical ultimate strength available. The proposed method is also assessed by reliability analysis.

A Comparison Between Three- and Two-Dimensional Thermal Finite Element Analysis of the Gas Metal Arc Welding Process

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad S. Davoud ◽  
Xiaomin Deng
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Transient Temperature ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
2D Model

Predictions of transient temperature distributions in welding can help the selection of welding process parameters that minimize residual stresses. A three-dimensional (3D) thermal finite element model of bead-on-plate gas metal are welding (GMAW) is presented and is used to evaluate a cross-sectional, two-dimensional (2D) counterpart model. While the thermomechanical problem of welding is 3D in nature, it is shown that the 2D model can provide temperature field predictions comparable to those of the 3D model, even though the 2D model tends to predict peak temperatures higher than those of the 3D model. Both types of model predictions are compared to welding test measurements.

Process Characterization of Sheet Metal Spinning by Means of Finite Elements

2007 ◽  
Vol 344 ◽  
pp. 637-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerd Sebastiani ◽  
Alexander Brosius ◽  
Werner Homberg ◽  
Matthias Kleiner
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Flexible Manufacturing ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Process Characterization ◽  
Metal Spinning

Sheet Metal Spinning is a flexible manufacturing process for axially-symmetric hollow components. While the process itself is already known for centuries, process planning is still based on undocumented expertise, thus requiring specialized craftsmen for new process layouts. Current process descriptions indicate a vast scope of different dynamic influences while the underlying mechanical model uses a simple static approach. Thus, a 3D Finite Element Model of the process has been set up at IUL in order to analyze the process in detail, providing online as well as cross sectional data of the specimen formed. Within the scope of this article, the results of the above mentioned Finite Element Analysis (FEA) are presented and discussed with respect to the qualitative stress distributions introduced in the existing theoretical models. Main emphasis of this paper is set on a discussion of the qualitative stress distribution, which is, to the current state, only known in theory.

Finite element model of a novel short stemmed total hip arthroplasty implant developed from cross sectional CT scans

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Lerch ◽  
Nelly Weigel ◽  
Henning Windhagen ◽  
Max Ettinger ◽  
Fritz Thorey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Hip

Crack Growth Direction Analysis Based on Elastic-Plastic Property of Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 217-218 ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Zhi Ping Yin ◽  
Jiong Zhang ◽  
Jin Guo ◽  
Qi Qing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Deflection Angle ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Plastic Property ◽  
Maximum Tensile Stress ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
Crack Deflection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Finite Element Software

The finite element software ANSYS was employed to create a finite element model of the cracked wing beam integrated structure, and the stress field of the crack tip was got by the material nonlinearity (elastic-plastic) analysis method. Based on the maximum tensile stress theory criteria, the crack deflection angle was obtained. The crack deflection angles with different geometry parameters (crack length, wed thickness, the height-thickness ratio of the stringer, cross-sectional area, and the location of the stringer) of the wing beam integrated structure were calculated and compared with each other. So the influences of the geometry parameters of the wing beam integrated structure on the crack deflection were studied. The crack deflection angles obtained in elastic analyzing and elastic-plastic analyzing were compared to investigate the effects of the material property on the crack deflection angle.

Strain Measurement in Coronary Arteries Using Intravascular Ultrasound and Deformable Images

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander I. Veress ◽  
Jeffrey A. Weiss ◽  
Grant T. Gullberg ◽  
D. Geoffrey Vince ◽  
Richard D. Rabbitt
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Intravascular Ultrasound ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Strain Distribution ◽  
Plaque Rupture ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Image Pairs

Atherosclerotic plaque rupture is responsible for the majority of myocardial infarctions and acute coronary syndromes. Rupture is initiated by mechanical failure of the plaque cap, and thus study of the deformation of the plaque in the artery can elucidate the events that lead to myocardial infarction. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) provides high resolution in vitro and in vivo cross-sectional images of blood vessels. To extract the deformation field from sequences of IVUS images, a registration process must be performed to correlate material points between image pairs. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of an image registration technique termed Warping to determine strains in plaques and coronary arteries from paired IVUS images representing two different states of deformation. The Warping technique uses pointwise differences in pixel intensities between image pairs to generate a distributed body force that acts to deform a finite element model. The strain distribution estimated by image-based Warping showed excellent agreement with a known forward finite element solution, representing the gold standard, from which the displaced image was created. The Warping technique had a low sensitivity to changes in material parameters or material model and had a low dependency on the noise present in the images. The Warping analysis was also able to produce accurate strain distributions when the constitutive model used for the Warping analysis and the forward analysis was different. The results of this study demonstrate that Warping in conjunction with in vivo IVUS imaging will determine the change in the strain distribution resulting from physiological loading and may be useful as a diagnostic tool for predicting the likelihood of plaque rupture through the determination of the relative stiffness of the plaque constituents.

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