scholarly journals Amino Acid and Acylcarnitine Levels in Chronic Patients with Schizophrenia: A Preliminary Study

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Irina A. Mednova ◽  
Alexander A. Chernonosov ◽  
Marat F. Kasakin ◽  
Elena G. Kornetova ◽  
Arkadiy V. Semke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Preliminary Study

Amino acids and acylcarnitines play an important role as substrates and intermediate products in most of pathways involved in schizophrenia development such as mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, lipid oxidation, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. It seems relevant to use an integrated approach with ‘omics’ technology to study their contribution. The aim of our study was to investigate serum amino acid and acylcarnitine levels in antipsychotics-treated patients with chronic schizophrenia compared with healthy donors. We measured serum levels of 15 amino acids and 30 acylcarnitines in 37 patients with schizophrenia and 36 healthy donors by means of tandem mass spectrometry. In summary, patients with chronic schizophrenia had an altered concentration of a few amino acids and acylcarnitines in comparison to the healthy probands. Further research is needed to assess and understand the identified changes.

scholarly journals LC–MS/MS Analysis of Thiol-Containing Amino Acids in Exosomal Fraction of Serum

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 636-640
Author(s):  
Mayu Onozato ◽  
Kana Kobata ◽  
Tatsuya Sakamoto ◽  
Hideaki Ichiba ◽  
Takeshi Fukushima
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Precolumn Derivatization ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

Abstract It has been suggested that thiol-containing amino acids could be used as biomarkers for diseases associated with oxidative stress. We investigated the thiol-containing amino acids, homocysteine (Hcy), cysteine (Cys), glutathione (GSH) and γ-glutamylcysteine (γ-GluCys), in commercial human serum by using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) after precolumn derivatization with 4-fluoro-7-sulfobenzofurazan. This method was applied to determine the composition of thiol-containing amino acids in exosomes prepared from the serum. Hcy, Cys, GSH and γ-GluCys could be detected in the exosomal fraction, and the ratio of each thiol-containing amino acid was similar to those in the corresponding native serum. Cys (94.76%) was most enriched in the exosomal fraction, followed by GSH (2.97%), γ-GluCys (1.59%) and Hcy (0.68%). These findings suggest that thiol-containing amino acids, Hcy, Cys, GSH and γ-GluCys, are included in exosomes in human serum.

scholarly journals Metabolomic Signature of Amino Acids, Biogenic Amines and Lipids in Blood Serum of Patients with Severe Osteoarthritis

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaspar Tootsi ◽  
Kadri Vilba ◽  
Aare Märtson ◽  
Jaak Kals ◽  
Kaido Paapstel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Biogenic Amine ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Complex Lipid ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Targeted Approach

Metabolomic analysis is an emerging new diagnostic tool, which holds great potential for improving the understanding of osteoarthritis (OA)-caused metabolomic shifts associated with systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. The main aim of the study was to map the changes of amino acid, biogenic amine and complex lipid profiles in severe OA, where the shifts should be more eminent compared with early stages. The fasting serum of 70 knee and hip OA patients and 82 controls was assessed via a targeted approach using the AbsoluteIDQ™ p180 kit. Changes in the serum levels of amino acids, sphingomyelins, phoshatidylcholines and lysophosphatidylcholines of the OA patients compared with controls suggest systemic inflammation in severe OA patients. Furthermore, the decreased spermine to spermidine ratio indicates excessive oxidative stress to be associated with OA. Serum arginine level was positively correlated with radiographic severity of OA, potentially linking inflammation through NO synthesis to OA. Further, the level of glycine was negatively associated with the severity of OA, which might refer to glycine deficiency in severe OA. The current study demonstrates significant changes in the amino acid, biogenic amine and low-molecular weight lipid profiles of severe OA and provides new insights into the complex interplay between chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and OA.

scholarly journals Determination of free amino acids in plants by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 7574-7581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena M. Dziągwa-Becker ◽  
Jose M. Marin Ramos ◽  
Jakub K. Topolski ◽  
Wiesław A. Oleszek
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Amino Acid Determination ◽  
Acid Determination

Free amino acid determination in plants by LC-MS/MS.

AMINO ACIDS IN THE BLOOD AND URINE OF NORMAL AND ARTHRITIC SUBJECTS BEFORE AND AFTER A GLYCINE LOAD GIVEN WITH AND WITHOUT ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1005-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Derrick ◽  
Audrey P. Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Serum And Urine

Observations have been made on the specific free amino acids (chromatographic analysis) and other nitrogenous constituents in the serum and urine of normal and arthritic men under controlled dietary conditions, before and after a glycine load and adrenocorticotropin administered separately and together.Differences in the metabolism of amino acids between normal individuals and arthritics, particularly of alanine, proline, glutamic acid, taurine, and possibly tyrosine (and/or tryptophan) and cystine, were apparent. The differences were largely confined to the non-essential amino acids. Concomitant increases seen in the serum levels and in the excretion of several amino acids, in response to a load of a single amino acid, indicate that the increases in excretion are more than a matter of competition for reabsorption in the kidney. A prerenal phenomenon appears to be involved, possibly interconversion of amino acids. This concept is supported by the evidence that the increases in the serum levels were restricted to the non-essential amino acids.

AMINO ACIDS IN THE BLOOD AND URINE OF NORMAL AND ARTHRITIC SUBJECTS BEFORE AND AFTER A GLYCINE LOAD GIVEN WITH AND WITHOUT ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1005-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Derrick ◽  
Audrey P. Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Serum And Urine

Observations have been made on the specific free amino acids (chromatographic analysis) and other nitrogenous constituents in the serum and urine of normal and arthritic men under controlled dietary conditions, before and after a glycine load and adrenocorticotropin administered separately and together.Differences in the metabolism of amino acids between normal individuals and arthritics, particularly of alanine, proline, glutamic acid, taurine, and possibly tyrosine (and/or tryptophan) and cystine, were apparent. The differences were largely confined to the non-essential amino acids. Concomitant increases seen in the serum levels and in the excretion of several amino acids, in response to a load of a single amino acid, indicate that the increases in excretion are more than a matter of competition for reabsorption in the kidney. A prerenal phenomenon appears to be involved, possibly interconversion of amino acids. This concept is supported by the evidence that the increases in the serum levels were restricted to the non-essential amino acids.

A Preliminary Study of the Fixation Mechanism of Collagen Reaction with a Polyepoxy Fixative

1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 537-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Tu ◽  
R.C. Quijano ◽  
C.L. Lu ◽  
S. Shen ◽  
E. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Fixation Time ◽  
Denaturation Temperature ◽  
Amino Acid Analyzer ◽  
Direct Indication ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fixation Reaction

A new biomaterial has been developed by fixing native collagens with a polyepoxy compound (PC) fixative. Prior studies have shown that this biomaterial has comparable properties as compared to collagen fixed with glutaraldehyde (GA) and thus has a great promise for use as an implantable bioprosthesis. The purpose of this study was to understand the mechanism of the amino acids-PC reactions in the fixation process. Bovine arteries were fixed with PC under various pH, concentration and temperature conditions as a function of fixation time. Individual amino acid components in the fresh and the fixed arteries were assayed using a Beckman amino acid analyzer to determine the degree of tanning. The denaturation temperature (Td) was also measured on each sample. Since the denaturation temperature is a direct indication of cross-linking of individual amino acids with the fixative, the difference in the degree of tanning for the same increase in Td may be indicative of the quantity of the masked, non-cross-linked amino acids. The fixation reaction data indicated that not all amino acids were cross-linked upon contacting the PC fixative. Masking appeared to be more substantial with a fixation at higher pH values.

scholarly journals Feeding a Low-protein Maternal Diet Affects Qinghai Bamei Piglet Jejunal Microbiome-metabolome Response

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jipeng Jin ◽  
Liping Zhang ◽  
Qian Chen ◽  
Cunming Ma ◽  
Jianlei Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Suckling Piglets

Abstract This experiment investigated the impacts of feeding a maternal low-CP concentration diet having iso-essential amino acids on new born suckling piglets intestinal microbial composition and metabolic profiles. The Bamei swine breed was selected due to high meat quality and flavor, but demonstrates slower growth rates which may be related to jejunal nutrient supply. Forty randomly selected purebred Bamei sows were divided into two groups and fed a low dietary CP (12%, LP) or a normal CP (14%, CON) diet, respectively, but formulated to contain similar (iso-) essential amino acid concentrations per current recommendations. At 21 days, 12 piglets were randomly selected from each treatment and euthanized with jejunum content samples collected. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing and mass spectrometry-based metabolomics profiling were combined as an integrated approach for evaluating the functional impact of maternal CP concentrations on piglet intestinal microbiome. Even though piglets demonstrated similar 0 to 21 d ADG among treatments, the jejunum relative weight, villus width, crypt depth and muscular thickness were increased (P < 0.05), while villus height, and villus height:crypt depth were reduced (P < 0.05) for the material LP compared to the maternal fed CON diet. Maternal CP concentrations can modify the intestinal microbial composition of Bamei suckling piglets. The relative abundances of the bacterial species Escherichia-Shigella, Actinobacillus, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Veillonella, and Turicibacter were increased (P < 0.05) in the maternal LP fed diet compared with the maternal fed CON diet. Jejunal digesta metabolomics analysis indicated that several amino acids were metabolized (i.e. cys, met, tyr phe and trp), biosynthesized (arg phe, tyr, and trp), or degraded (lys) were enriched (P < 0.05) for the maternal fed LP compared with the maternal fed CON. Correlation analysis demonstrated that certain intestinal bacterial genera were highly related to the histomorphology and altered intestinal microbiota metabolites. In conclusion, maternal dietary CP concentrations in excess of protein and amino acid requirements not only altered suckling Bamei piglets histomorphology, microbial composition and function, but also modulated jejunum microbial metabolic profiles, which aids in understanding the beneficial effects when feeding a maternal LP diet on piglet intestinal health.

Validation of a rapid, comprehensive and clinically relevant amino acid profile by underivatised liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel S. Carling ◽  
Kate John ◽  
Richard Churchus ◽  
Charles Turner ◽  
R. Neil Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Ion Pair ◽  
Analysis Time ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

AbstractBackgroundQuantification of plasma amino acids is key to the diagnosis of inherited defects of amino acid synthesis, catabolism and transport, many of which present as clinical emergencies. The utility of this test is limited by the long analysis time and subsequent inability of laboratories to provide results in real-time. Traditionally, analysis has been performed by ion exchange chromatography (IEC) but recently there has been a move towards liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) which provides the potential for faster analysis. However, the necessity to derivatise the sample and/or utilise an ion-pair reagent, combined with lack of commercially available stable isotope internal standards (IS) has prevented laboratories fully exploiting the benefits of this methodology. We describe an underivatised LC-MS/MS method enabling patient results to be reported with an improved turnaround time (<1 h).MethodsMethanolic IS was added to plasma (10 μL) to precipitate protein. Following centrifugation amino acids were analysed by LC-MS/MS using selected reaction monitoring (SRM) for each analyte and corresponding IS.ResultsPatient samples (n = 57) and external quality assessment (EQA) material (n = 11) were analysed and results compared with IEC. Comparable accuracy and precision were obtained with 15-min analysis time.ConclusionsThis method enables the analysis of a clinically comprehensive amino acid profile without the need for derivatisation/ion-pair reagents and benefitting from improved analytical quantitation through multipoint calibration and use of stable isotope IS. The analysis time is fast in comparison to IEC, improves efficiency of laboratory workflow and enables stat analysis of clinically urgent samples.

scholarly journals Validation of Accuracy-based Amino Acid Reference Materials in Dried-Blood Spots by Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Newborn Screening Assays

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1269-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald H Chace ◽  
Barbara W Adam ◽  
S Jay Smith ◽  
J Richard Alexander ◽  
Steven L Hillman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
Amino Acid Contents ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations

Abstract Background: Advances in technology and the earlier release of newborns from hospitals have pressed the demand for accurate calibration and improved interlaboratory performance for newborn screening tests. As a first step toward standardization of newborn screening aminoacidopathy tests, we have produced six-pool sets of multianalyte dried-blood-spot amino acid reference materials (AARMs) containing predetermined quantities of five amino acids. We describe here the production of the AARMs, validation of their amino acid contents, and characterization of their homogeneity and their stability in storage. Methods: To each of six portions of a pool of washed erythrocytes suspended in serum we added Phe (0–200 mg/L), Leu (0–200 mg/L), Met (0–125 mg/L), Tyr (0–125 mg/L), and Val (0–125 mg/L). Six-pool sets (1300) were prepared, dried, and packaged. We used isotope-dilution mass spectrometry to estimate the endogenous amino acid concentrations of the AARMs and validate their final amino acid concentrations. We used additional tandem mass spectrometry analyses to examine the homogeneity of amino acid distribution in each AARM, and HPLC analyses to evaluate the stability of the amino acid contents of the AARMs. Results: The absolute mean biases across the analytic range for five amino acids were 2.8–9.4%. One-way ANOVAs of the homogeneity results predicted no statistically significant differences in amino acid concentrations within the blood spots or within the pools (P &gt;0.05). Regression slopes (0 ± 0.01) for amino acid concentrations vs storage times and their P values (&gt;0.05) showed no evidence of amino acid degradation at ambient temperatures, 4 °C, or −20 °C during the intervals tested. Conclusion: The validation, homogeneity, and stability of these blood spots support their use as a candidate national reference material for calibration of assays that measure amino acids in dried-blood spots.

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