scholarly journals Recent Advances in Continuous-Flow Particle Manipulations Using Magnetic Fluids

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangchun Xuan
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Magnetic Fluids ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Particle Manipulation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Medium Exchange ◽  
Flow Particle

Magnetic field-induced particle manipulation is simple and economic as compared to other techniques (e.g., electric, acoustic, and optical) for lab-on-a-chip applications. However, traditional magnetic controls require the particles to be manipulated being magnetizable, which renders it necessary to magnetically label particles that are almost exclusively diamagnetic in nature. In the past decade, magnetic fluids including paramagnetic solutions and ferrofluids have been increasingly used in microfluidic devices to implement label-free manipulations of various types of particles (both synthetic and biological). We review herein the recent advances in this field with focus upon the continuous-flow particle manipulations. Specifically, we review the reported studies on the negative magnetophoresis-induced deflection, focusing, enrichment, separation, and medium exchange of diamagnetic particles in the continuous flow of magnetic fluids through microchannels.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Analytical Approaches for Glycan and Glycopeptide Quantitation

2020 ◽  
pp. mcp.R120.002095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G Delafield ◽  
Lingjun Li
Keyword(s):  
Mass Difference ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Mass Defect ◽  
Chemical Labeling ◽  
The Past ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Free Quantification ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Growing implications of glycosylation in physiological occurrences and human disease have prompted intensive focus on revealing glycomic perturbations through absolute and relative quantification. Empowered by seminal methodologies and increasing capacity for detection, identification, and characterization, the past decade has provided a significant increase in the number of suitable strategies for glycan and glycopeptide quantification. Mass spectrometry-based strategies for glycomic quantitation have grown to include metabolic incorporation of stable isotopes, deposition of mass difference and mass defect isotopic labels, and isobaric chemical labeling, providing researchers with ample tools for accurate and robust quantitation. Beyond this, workflows have been designed to harness instrument capability for label-free quantification and numerous software packages have been developed to facilitate reliable spectrum scoring. In this review, we present and highlight the most recent advances in chemical labeling and associated techniques for glycan and glycopeptide quantification.

Recent Advances in Therapeutic Applications of Bisbenzimidazoles

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Verma ◽  
Vishnuvardh Ravichandiran ◽  
Nihar Ranjan ◽  
Swaran J.S. Flora
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Dna Recognition ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Structural Motifs ◽  
Therapeutic Applications ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances

Nitrogen-containing heterocycles are one of the most common structural motifs in approximately 80% of the marketed drugs. Of these, benzimidazoles analogues are known to elicit a wide spectrum of pharmaceutical activities such as anticancer, antibacterial, antiparasitic, antiviral, antifungal as well as chemosensor effect. Based on the benzimidazole core fused heterocyclic compounds, crescent-shaped bisbenzimidazoles were developed which provided an early breakthrough in the sequence-specific DNA recognition. Over the years, a number of functional variations in the bisbenzimidazole core have led to the emergence of their unique properties and established them as versatile ligands against several classes of pathogens. The present review provides an overview of diverse pharmacological activities of the bisbenzimidazole analogues in the past decade with a brief account of its development through the years.

scholarly journals Application of Reactor Engineering Concepts in Continuous Flow Chemistry: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Candice Neyt ◽  
Darren Lyall Riley
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
The Past ◽  
Continuous Flow Chemistry

The adoption of flow technology for the manufacture of chemical entities, and in particular pharmaceuticals, has seen rapid growth over the past two decades with the technology now blurring the...

scholarly journals Emerging Lab-on-a-Chip Approaches for Liquid Biopsy in Lung Cancer: Status in CTCs and ctDNA Research and Clinical Validation

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2101
Author(s):  
Ângela Carvalho ◽  
Gabriela Ferreira ◽  
Duarte Seixas ◽  
Catarina Guimarães-Teixeira ◽  
Rui Henrique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Early Recurrence ◽  
Circulating Tumor Dna ◽  
Clinical Validation ◽  
Liquid Biopsies ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients

Despite the intensive efforts dedicated to cancer diagnosis and treatment, lung cancer (LCa) remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality, worldwide. The poor survival rate among lung cancer patients commonly results from diagnosis at late-stage, limitations in characterizing tumor heterogeneity and the lack of non-invasive tools for detection of residual disease and early recurrence. Henceforth, research on liquid biopsies has been increasingly devoted to overcoming these major limitations and improving management of LCa patients. Liquid biopsy is an emerging field that has evolved significantly in recent years due its minimally invasive nature and potential to assess various disease biomarkers. Several strategies for characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) have been developed. With the aim of standardizing diagnostic and follow-up practices, microfluidic devices have been introduced to improve biomarkers isolation efficiency and specificity. Nonetheless, implementation of lab-on-a-chip platforms in clinical practice may face some challenges, considering its recent application to liquid biopsies. In this review, recent advances and strategies for the use of liquid biopsies in LCa management are discussed, focusing on high-throughput microfluidic devices applied for CTCs and ctDNA isolation and detection, current clinical validation studies and potential clinical utility.

Recent advances in storage and flooding theory

1969 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gani
Keyword(s):  
Queueing Theory ◽  
Applied Probability ◽  
The Past ◽  
Continuous Flows ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Queueing Processes ◽  
Theory Of Storage ◽  
Storage Processes

The theory of storage processes, originally formulated by Moran [1] in 1954, has developed in the past fourteen years into a minor subfield of Applied Probability, closely allied to queueing theory. While dam models with discrete inputs are analogous to queueing processes, the essentially continuous nature of water inflows has distinguished generalized storage processes from queues. Indeed, some of the most complex of storage problems have arisen in the case of continuous flows.

scholarly journals Proteomics in Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer/ Протеомика Во Дијагноза На Простатниот Карцином

PRILOZI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Davalieva ◽  
Momir Polenakovic
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Shotgun Proteomics ◽  
Comparative Proteomics ◽  
Label Free ◽  
The Past ◽  
Proteomics Research

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed malignancy in men worldwide. The introduction of prostate specific antigen (PSA) has greatly increased the number of men diagnosed with PCa but at the same time, as a result of the low specificity, led to overdiagnosis, resulting to unnecessary biopsies and high medical cost treatments. The primary goal in PCa research today is to find a biomarker or biomarker set for clear and effecttive diagnosis of PCa as well as for distinction between aggressive and indolent cancers. Different proteomic technologies such as 2-D PAGE, 2-D DIGE, MALDI MS profiling, shotgun proteomics with label-based (ICAT, iTRAQ) and label-free (SWATH) quantification, MudPIT, CE-MS have been applied to the study of PCa in the past 15 years. Various biological samples, including tumor tissue, serum, plasma, urine, seminal plasma, prostatic secretions and prostatic-derived exosomes were analyzed with the aim of identifying diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and developing a deeper understanding of the disease at the molecular level. This review is focused on the overall analysis of expression proteomics studies in the PCa field investigating all types of human samples in the search for diagnostics biomarkers. Emphasis is given on proteomics platforms used in biomarker discovery and characterization, explored sources for PCa biomarkers, proposed candidate biomarkers by comparative proteomics studies and the possible future clinical application of those candidate biomarkers in PCa screening and diagnosis. In addition, we review the specificity of the putative markers and existing challenges in the proteomics research of PCa.

Recent advances and new concepts for the synthesis of axially stereoenriched biaryls

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 3418-3430 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wencel-Delord ◽  
A. Panossian ◽  
F. R. Leroux ◽  
F. Colobert
Keyword(s):  
Chiral Compounds ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Axially Chiral ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Synthetic Routes

Over the past decade the field of the synthesis of axially chiral compounds has been rapidly expanding. Not only key advances have been achieved concerning the already established strategies but also new synthetic routes have been devised. This review showcases the recent developments in this domain.

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