scholarly journals A Static Friction Model for Unlubricated Contact of Random Rough Surfaces at Micro/Nano Scale

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Shengguang Zhu ◽  
Liyong Ni
Keyword(s):  
Rough Surfaces ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Elastic Contact ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
Random Rough Surfaces ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Dissipation Mechanism ◽  
Rigid Plane ◽  
Contact Situation

A novel static friction model for the unlubricated contact of random rough surfaces at micro/nano scale is presented. This model is based on the energy dissipation mechanism that states that changes in the potential of the surfaces in contact lead to friction. Furthermore, it employs the statistical theory of two nominally flat rough surfaces in contact, which assumes that the contact between the equivalent rough peaks and the rigid flat plane satisfies the condition of interfacial friction. Additionally, it proposes a statistical coefficient of positional correlation that represents the contact situation between the equivalent rough surface and the rigid plane. Finally, this model is compared with the static friction model established by Kogut and Etsion (KE model). The results of the proposed model agree well with those of the KE model in the fully elastic contact zone. For the calculation of dry static friction of rough surfaces in contact, previous models have mainly been based on classical contact mechanics; however, this model introduces the potential barrier theory and statistics to address this and provides a new way to calculate unlubricated friction for rough surfaces in contact.

Rotor Dynamic Analysis of Tie-Bolt Fastened Rotor Based on Elastic-Plastic Contact

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Peng ◽  
Zhansheng Liu ◽  
Guilong Wang ◽  
Min Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Contact Stiffness ◽  
Contact Model ◽  
Elastic Contact ◽  
Critical Speeds ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Equivalent Bending Stiffness ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Rigid Plane ◽  
Contact Situation ◽  
Rotor Dynamic

The tie-bolt fastened rotor which is assembled by rods distributed circumferentially is modeled and analyzed by finite element method with the consideration of elastic-plastic contact between discs. Based on elastic-plastic contact model between an elastic hemisphere and a rigid plane, the contact between discs is investigated by the statistical contact model of rough surfaces, and the contact stiffness is derived. The equivalent bending stiffness between discs is acquired. With the increase of the load between the two contact surfaces, the difference between the contact stiffness of purely elastic contact and elastic-plastic model is compared. With the obtained contact stiffness, the equation of motion for the tie-bolt fastened rotor system is formed and the critical speeds are calculated. It indicates that the contact stiffness between discs increases as the load increases. The contact stiffness of elastic-plastic contact model is lower than that of the elastic contact model, and the difference between the two models increases with load. With the stiffness of elastic-plastic contact, the critical speeds of tie-bolt fastened rotor are lower than that of the pure elastic contact situation.

Static Friction in a Robot Joint—Modeling and Identification of Load and Temperature Effects

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Carvalho Bittencourt ◽  
Svante Gunnarsson
Keyword(s):  
Static Friction ◽  
Joint Modeling ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Load Torque ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Friction Models ◽  
Interacting Surfaces ◽  
Sum Of Functions ◽  
Wide Operating

Friction is the result of complex interactions between contacting surfaces in down to a nanoscale perspective. Depending on the application, the different models available are more or less suitable. Static friction models are typically considered to be dependent only on relative speed of interacting surfaces. However, it is known that friction can be affected by other factors than speed. In this paper, the typical friction phenomena and models used in robotics are reviewed. It is shown how such models can be represented as a sum of functions of relevant states which are linear and nonlinear in the parameters, and how the identification method described in Ref. [1] can be used to identify them when all states are measured. The discussion follows with a detailed experimental study of friction in a robot joint under changes of joint angle, load torque, and temperature. Justified by their significance, load torque and temperature are included in an extended static friction model. The proposed model is validated in a wide operating range, considerably improving the prediction performance compared to a standard model.

A Static Friction Model for Elastic-Plastic Contacting Rough Surfaces

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lior Kogut ◽  
Izhak Etsion
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Rough Surfaces ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Plasticity Index ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Static Friction Coefficient ◽  
Contact Adhesion ◽  
Limiting Case

A model that predicts the static friction for elastic-plastic contact of rough surfaces is presented. The model incorporates the results of accurate finite element analyses for the elastic-plastic contact, adhesion and sliding inception of a single asperity in a statistical representation of surface roughness. The model shows strong effect of the external force and nominal contact area on the static friction coefficient in contrast to the classical laws of friction. It also shows that the main dimensionless parameters affecting the static friction coefficient are the plasticity index and adhesion parameter. The effect of adhesion on the static friction is discussed and found to be negligible at plasticity index values larger than 2. It is shown that the classical laws of friction are a limiting case of the present more general solution and are adequate only for high plasticity index and negligible adhesion. Some potential limitations of the present model are also discussed pointing to possible improvements. A comparison of the present results with those obtained from an approximate CEB friction model shows substantial differences, with the latter severely underestimating the static friction coefficient.

scholarly journals Study of Dynamics of Block-Media in the Framework of Minimalistic Numerical Models

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-168
Author(s):  
Alexander E. Filippov ◽  
Valentin L. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Stability Diagram ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Characteristic Features

AbstractOne of the principal methods of preventing large earthquakes is stimulation of a large series of small events. The result is a transfer of the rapid tectonic dynamics in a creep mode. In this chapter, we discuss possibilities for such a transfer in the framework of simplified models of a subduction zone. The proposed model describes well the basic characteristic features of geo-medium behavior, in particular, statistics of earthquakes (Gutenberg Richter and Omori laws). Its analysis shows that local relatively low-energy impacts can switch block dynamics from stick–slip to creep mode. Thus, it is possible to change the statistics of seismic energy release by means of a series of local, periodic, and relatively low energy impacts. This means a principal possibility of “suppressing” strong earthquakes. Additionally, a modified version of the Burridge-Knopoff model including a simple model for state dependent friction force is derived and studied. The friction model describes a velocity weakening of friction between moving blocks and an increase of static friction during stick periods. It provides a simplified but qualitatively correct stability diagram for the transition from smooth sliding to a stick–slip behavior as observed in various tribological systems. Attractor properties of the model dynamic equations were studied under a broad range of parameters for one- and two-dimensional systems.

scholarly journals An Improvement Proposal to the Static Friction Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Sánchez-Mazuca ◽  
Ricardo Campa
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Mechatronic Systems ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Drive Motor ◽  
Friction Models

Friction is a force acting against the relative motion between two surfaces in contact. This phenomenon is present in all mechanical systems and has a great impact on the control area. The design of mechatronic systems and the compensation techniques require a broad knowledge of the effects that friction produces. The phenomenon has two well-defined phases: static friction presents before the motion between the surfaces in contact is clearly visible, while kinetic friction appears when that motion at large scale has already started. There are different friction models for each of those phases. In this work we propose an improvement to the static friction models, which consist in assuming that the maximum static friction coefficient is no more a constant but a function of the rate of change of the external force that produces the motion. After explaining and justifying the proposal, the procedure for obtaining the parameters of the new model is mentioned. At the end, an experimental study on a direct-drive motor allows us to validate the proposed model.

A Numerical Static Friction Model for Spherical Contacts of Rough Surfaces, Influence of Load, Material, and Roughness

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Wayne Chen ◽  
Q. Jane Wang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Rough Surfaces ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Tangential Force ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Friction Mechanism ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Rough Surface Contact

The relative motion between two surfaces under a normal load is impeded by friction. Interfacial junctions are formed between surfaces of asperities, and sliding inception occurs when shear tractions in the entire contact area reach the shear strength of the weaker material and junctions are about to be separated. Such a process is known as a static friction mechanism. The numerical contact model of dissimilar materials developed by the authors is extended to evaluate the maximum tangential force (in terms of the static friction coefficient) that can be sustained by a rough surface contact. This model is based on the Boussinesq–Cerruti integral equations, which relate surface tractions to displacements. The materials are assumed to respond elastic perfectly plastically for simplicity, and the localized hardness and shear strength are set as the upper limits of contact pressure and shear traction, respectively. Comparisons of the numerical analysis results with published experimental data provide a validation of this model. Static friction coefficients are predicted for various material pairs in contact first, and then the behaviors of static friction involving rough surfaces are extensively investigated.

scholarly journals A study on the vibration dissipation mechanism of the rotating blade with dovetail joint

2021 ◽  
pp. 146134842098533
Author(s):  
Chaofeng Li ◽  
Zengchuang Shen ◽  
Zilin Chen ◽  
Houxin She
Keyword(s):  
Dry Friction ◽  
Vibration Reduction ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Tangential Stiffness ◽  
Damping Characteristics ◽  
Rotating Blade ◽  
Spatial Beam ◽  
Dissipation Mechanism

The vibration dissipation mechanism of the rotating blade with a dovetail joint is studied in this paper. Dry friction damping plays an indispensable role in the direction of vibration reduction. The vibration level is reduced by consuming the total energy of the turbine blade with the dry friction device on the blade-root in the paper. The mechanism of the vibration reduction is revealed by the variation of the friction force and the energy dissipation ratio of dry friction. In this paper, the flexible blade with a dovetail interface feature is discretized by using the spatial beam element based on the finite element theory. Then the classical Coulomb-spring friction model is introduced to obtain the dry friction model on the contact interfaces of the tenon-mortise structure. What is more, the effects of the system parameters (such as the rotating speed, the friction coefficient, the installation angle of the tenon) and the excitation level on blade damping characteristics are discussed, respectively. The results show that the variation of the system parameters leads to a significant change of damping characteristics of the blade. The variation of the tangential stiffness and the position of the external excitation will affect the nonlinear characteristics and vibration damping characteristics.

On Slip Inception and Static Friction for Smooth Dry Contact

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Shi
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Interfacial Bonding ◽  
The Other ◽  
Material Failure ◽  
Bonding Failure ◽  
Dry Contact

Slip inception mechanism is very important for modeling of static friction and understanding of some experimental observations of friction. In this work, slip inception was treated as a local competence of interfacial bonding failure and weaker material failure. At any contacting point, if bond shear strength is weaker than softer material shear strength, slip inception is governed by interfacial bonding failure. Otherwise, it is governed by softer material failure. Considering the possible co-existence of these two slip inception mechanisms during presliding, a hybrid static friction model for smooth dry contact was proposed, which indicates that the static friction consists of two components: one contributed by contact area where bonding failure is dominant and the other contributed by contact area where material failure is dominant. With the proposed static friction model, the effects of contact pressure, the material properties, and the contact geometry on static friction were discussed.

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