scholarly journals 3D Manufacturing of Glass Microstructures Using Femtosecond Laser

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Agnė Butkutė ◽  
Linas Jonušauskas
Keyword(s):  
Ultrashort Pulses ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Laser Material Processing ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Transparent Dielectrics ◽  
Fs Laser ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
3D Processing ◽  
Material Interaction

The rapid expansion of femtosecond (fs) laser technology brought previously unavailable capabilities to laser material processing. One of the areas which benefited the most due to these advances was the 3D processing of transparent dielectrics, namely glasses and crystals. This review is dedicated to overviewing the significant advances in the field. First, the underlying physical mechanism of material interaction with ultrashort pulses is discussed, highlighting how it can be exploited for volumetric, high-precision 3D processing. Next, three distinct transparent material modification types are introduced, fundamental differences between them are explained, possible applications are highlighted. It is shown that, due to the flexibility of fs pulse fabrication, an array of structures can be produced, starting with nanophotonic elements like integrated waveguides and photonic crystals, ending with a cm-scale microfluidic system with micro-precision integrated elements. Possible limitations to each processing regime as well as how these could be overcome are discussed. Further directions for the field development are highlighted, taking into account how it could synergize with other fs-laser-based manufacturing techniques.

Attosecond molecular spectroscopy – The one-electron H2+ system

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 831-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
André D Bandrauk ◽  
Hong Shon Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Molecular Spectroscopy ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Ultrashort Pulses ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
High Order Harmonic Generation ◽  
High Order Harmonic ◽  
Fs Laser ◽  
The One ◽  
D Model

Numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for a 1-D model non-Born–Oppenheimer H2+ are used to illustrate the nonlinear, nonperturbative response of molecules to intense (I ≥ 1013 W/cm2), ultrashort (t < 10 fs) laser pulses. Molecular high-order harmonic generation (MHOHG) is shown to be an example of such response, and the resulting nonlinear photon emission spectrum is shown to lead to the synthesis of single attosecond (10–18 s) pulses. Application of such ultrashort pulses to the H2+ system results in localized electron wave packets whose motion can be detected by asymmetry in the photoelectron spectrum generated by a subsequent probe attosecond pulse, thus leading to measurement of electron motion in molecules on an attosecond time scale. Key words: attosecond spectroscopy, attosecond photoionization.

Ultrafast reflection and secondary ablation in laser processing of transparent dielectrics with ultrashort pulses

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 051512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingying Sun ◽  
Urs Eppelt ◽  
Wolfgang Schulz ◽  
Jianqiang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Laser Processing ◽  
Ultrashort Pulses ◽  
Transparent Dielectrics

TRANSFECTION AND CELL FUSION BY FEMTOSECOND LASERS

2011 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 113-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAO HE ◽  
SIU KAI KONG ◽  
KAM TAI CHAN
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fusion ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ultrashort Pulses ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Infrared Band ◽  
Optical Cell ◽  
Independent Field ◽  
Fs Laser

Biophotonics is an exciting and fast-expanding frontier which involves the fusion of advanced photonics and biology. It has not only created many novel methodologies for biomedical research, but also achieved many significant results as an independent field. Thanks to femtosecond (fs) laser technologies, important progresses have been made regarding the manipulation, imaging, and engineering of biological samples ranging from single molecules to tissues in the last 20 years. The ultrashort pulses at near-infrared band provide many advantages: high nonlinear efficiency, low absorption by biological samples, high spatial and temporal resolution and confinement, and low phototoxicity. They are noninvasive and easy to control. Although the mechanism of how fs laser pulses interact with cells remains unclear, experimental results have shown that they could open up the cell membrane and hence made optical transfection and optical cell fusion possible. In this review, some of the seminal works on transfection and cell fusion by fs lasers are presented. The ideas behind and the experimental details will be described together with a highlight on their significances. Specifically, the thermal effect is analyzed based on multiphoton excitation and plasma formation in an aqueous environment to explain the nontoxic characteristic of fs laser irradiation. Last, some applications of fs laser induced transfection and cell–cell fusion with potential major impact in biomedical sciences are proposed.

IN-PROCESS MONITORING OF FEMTOSECOND LASER MATERIAL PROCESSING

2005 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 761-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Z. DENG ◽  
H. Y. ZHENG ◽  
V. M. MURUKESHAN ◽  
X. C. WANG ◽  
G. C. LIM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Plasma Temperature ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Ablation ◽  
Copper Sample ◽  
Laser Material Processing ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Laser Material ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Material Interaction ◽  
Emission Light

Recent research and development on the femtosecond laser has shown that it is a powerful tool for high precision micromachining. However, the femtosecond laser-material interaction is fast and complex due to its ultrashort pulse duration. Consequently, it is not an easy task to optimize process parameters and to ensure high-quality fabrication. In this context, we propose an in-line monitoring technique based on plasma plume diagnostics. By analyzing the spectra of the femtosecond laser-induced plasma, which was detected and analyzed using a spectrometer, the plasma temperature of the copper sample was estimated. As drilling holes and cutting lines are two common applications in industry, the relationship between the emission light and the geometry of the fabricated structure was investigated based on the time-varying signals from the photodetector. These results will help us to understand the mechanism of femtosecond laser ablation so as to achieve high quality micromachining.

scholarly journals Knowledge Mapping of Ethnic Identity and Acculturation Based on the Method of Bibliometric

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Shuangyun ◽  
Li Hongxia
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Knowledge Mapping ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Critical Knowledge

Ethnic identity and acculturation is a multidisciplinary research field. It is not easy for researchers to gain a panoramic view of the knowledge structure in this field. The bibliometric of knowledge mapping provides researchers with a scientific quantitative research method of statistics, description, and prediction of academic status and development trends. The purpose of this study is to help researchers understand the critical knowledge, evolution trend, and research frontier of the current research. Using bibliometrics software Citespace and Bicomb, this study analyzed 1557 bibliographic data in the Web of Science database and found that: 1)the research field development has gone through three stages, and we knew some representative critical scholars and key literature; 2) The literature knowledge mapping co-citation and the co-occurrence of keywords showed the research hot spots; 3) The results of burst detection and central node analysis reveal the research frontier and development trend. The globalization of the world economy has led to the rapid expansion of research objects from immigrants in the United States to the whole world. Meanwhile, there are still many disputes about theoretical models, constructs, and structural dimensions in the research field, which are the directions that future researchers need to study further.

scholarly journals Enhancing precision in fs-laser material processing by simultaneous spatial and temporal focusing

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. e169-e169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kammel ◽  
Roland Ackermann ◽  
Jens Thomas ◽  
Jörg Götte ◽  
Stefan Skupin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Processing ◽  
Laser Material Processing ◽  
Laser Material ◽  
Temporal Focusing ◽  
Fs Laser
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