scholarly journals Micromachined Tactile Sensor Array for RTSA

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1430
Author(s):  
Elliott C. Leinauer ◽  
Hyunmin M. Kim ◽  
Jae W. Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty ◽  
Tactile Sensor ◽  
Capacitive Sensor ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Joint Reaction Forces ◽  
Implant Size ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Reaction Forces

This work presents a polymer-based tactile capacitive sensor capable of measuring joint reaction forces of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA). The capacitive sensor contains a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) dielectric layer with an array of electrodes. The sensor was designed in such a way that four components of glenohumeral contact forces can be quantified to help ensure proper soft tissue tensioning during the procedure. Fabricated using soft lithography, the sensor has a loading time of approximately 400 ms when a 14.13 kPa load is applied and has a sensitivity of 1.24 × 10−3 pF/kPa at a load of 1649 kPa. A replica RTSA prothesis was 3D printed, and the sensor was mounted inside the humeral cap. Four static right shoulder positions were tested, and the results provided an intuitive graphical description of the pressure distribution across four quadrants of the glenohumeral joint contact surface. It may help clinicians choose a right implant size and offset that best fit a patient’s anatomy and reduce postoperative biomechanical complications such as dislocation and stress fracture of the scapula.

Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Biomechanics: A Study of the Forces and Strains at the Glenoid Component

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Karduna ◽  
G. R. Williams ◽  
J. P. Iannotti ◽  
J. L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Rigid Body ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Glenoid Component ◽  
Rigid Body Model ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Component Loading ◽  
Force Displacement

The objective of this study was to examine how changes in glenohumeral joint conformity and loading patterns affected the forces and strains developed at the glenoid. After removal of soft tissue (muscles, ligaments, and labrum), force-displacement data were collected for both natural and prosthetically reconstructed joints. Joints were shown to develop higher forces for a given translation as joint conformity increased. A rigid body model of joint contact forces was used to determined the so-called effective radial mismatch of each joint. For the purposes of this study, the effective radial mismatch is defined as the mismatch required for a rigid body joint to have the same force-displacement relationship as the joint in question. This parameter is an indication of the deformation at the articular surface. The effective radial mismatch dramatically increased with increasing medial loads, indicating that under physiological loads, the effective radial mismatch of a joint is much greater than its measured mismatch at no load. This increase in effective mismatch as medial loads were increased was found to be threefold greater in cartilaginous joints than in reconstructed joints. Rosette strain gages positioned at the midlevel of the glenoid keel in the reconstructed joints revealed that anterior/posterior component loading leads to fully reversible cyclic keel strains. The highest compressive strains occurred with the head centered in the glenoid, and were larger for nonconforming joints (ε = 0.23 percent). These strains became tensile just before rim loading and were greater for conforming joints (ε = 0.15 percent). Although recorded peak strains are below the yield point for polyethylene, the fully reversed cyclic loading of the component in this fashion may ultimately lead to component toggling and implant failure.

How Well Does a Musculoskeletal Model Predict GH-Joint Contact Forces? Comparison With In-Vivo Data

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Asadi Nikooyan ◽  
H. E. J. Veeger ◽  
P. Westerhoff ◽  
F. Graichen ◽  
G. Bergmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Musculoskeletal Model ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Joint Reaction Forces ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Quantitative Validation ◽  
Joint Reaction

The Delft Shoulder and Elbow Model (DSEM), a large-scale musculoskeletal model, allows for estimation of individual muscle and joint reaction forces in the shoulder and elbow complex. Although the model has been qualitatively verified previously using EMG signals, quantitative validation has not yet been feasible. In this paper we report on the validation of the DSEM by comparing the GH-joint contact forces estimated by the DSEM with the in-vivo forces measured by a recently developed instrumented shoulder endoprosthesis, capable of measuring the glenohumeral (GH) joint contact forces in-vivo [1]. To validate the model, two patients with instrumented shoulder hemi-arthroplasty were measured. The measurement process included the collection of motion data as well as in-vivo joint reaction forces. Segment and joint angles were used as the model inputs to estimate the GH-joint contact forces. The estimated and recorded GH-joint contact forces for Range of Motion (RoM) and force tasks were compared based on the magnitude of the resultant forces. The results show that the estimated force follows the measured force for abduction and anteflexion motions up to 80 and 50 degrees arm elevations, respectively, while they show different behaviors for angles above 90 degrees (decrease is estimated but increase is measured). The DSEM underestimates the peak force for RoM (up to 38% for abduction motion and 64% for anteflexion motion), while overestimates the peak forces (up to 90%) for most directions of performing the force tasks.

Influence of the Musculotendon Dynamics on the Muscle Force-Sharing Problem of the Shoulder—A Fully Inverse Dynamics Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quental Carlos ◽  
Azevedo Margarida ◽  
Ambrósio Jorge ◽  
Gonçalves S. B. ◽  
Folgado João
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
Inverse Dynamic ◽  
Force Sharing ◽  
Joint Reaction Forces ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Muscle Activations ◽  
Joint Reaction

Abstract Most dynamic simulations are based on inverse dynamics, being the time-dependent physiological nature of the muscle properties rarely considered due to numerical challenges. Since the influence of muscle physiology on the consistency of inverse dynamics simulations remains unclear, the purpose of the present study is to evaluate the computational efficiency and biological validity of four musculotendon models that differ in the simulation of the muscle activation and contraction dynamics. Inverse dynamic analyses are performed using a spatial musculoskeletal model of the upper limb. The muscle force-sharing problem is solved for five repetitions of unloaded and loaded motions of shoulder abduction and shoulder flexion. The performance of the musculotendon models is evaluated by comparing muscle activation predictions with electromyography (EMG) signals, measured synchronously with motion for 11 muscles, and the glenohumeral joint reaction forces estimated numerically with those measured in vivo. The results show similar muscle activations for all muscle models. Overall, high cross-correlations are computed between muscle activations and the EMG signals measured for all movements analyzed, which provides confidence in the results. The glenohumeral joint reaction forces estimated compare well with those measured in vivo, but the influence of the muscle dynamics is found to be negligible. In conclusion, for slow-speed, standard movements of the upper limb, as those studied here, the activation and musculotendon contraction dynamics can be neglected in inverse dynamic analyses without compromising the prediction of muscle and joint reaction forces.

Hip Joint Contact Forces During Running with a Transtibial Amputation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Sepp ◽  
Brian S Baum ◽  
Erika Nelson-Wong ◽  
Anne Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Musculoskeletal Models ◽  
Joint Health ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Reaction Forces

Abstract People with unilateral transtibial amputations (TTA) have greater risks of bilateral hip osteoarthritis, related to asymmetric biomechanics compared to people without TTA. Running is beneficial for physical health and is gaining popularity. However, people with TTA may not have access to running-specific prostheses (RSPs), which are designed for running, and may instead run using their daily-use prosthesis (DUP). Differences in joint loading may result from prosthesis choice, thus it is important to characterize changes in peak and impulsive hip joint contact loading during running. Six people with and without TTA ran at 3.5 m/s while ground reaction forces, kinematics, and electromyography were collected. People with TTA ran using their own RSP and repeated the protocol using their own DUP. Musculoskeletal models incorporating prosthesis type of each individual were used to quantify individual muscle forces and hip joint contact forces during running. People using RSPs had smaller bilateral peak hip joint contact forces compared to when wearing DUPs during stance and swing, and a smaller impulse over the entire gait cycle. Greater amputated leg peak hip joint contact forces for people wearing DUPs compared to RSPs occurred with greater forces from the ipsilateral gluteus maximus during stance. People with TTA also had greater bilateral peak hip joint contact forces during swing compared to people without TTA, which occurred with greater peak gluteus medius forces. Running with more compliant RSPs may be beneficial for long-term joint health by reducing peak and impulsive hip loading compared to DUPs.

Estimation of In-Vivo Quadriceps Forces of the Knee: A Combined In-Vivo Patellofemoral Joint Kinematics Measurement and Finite Element Prediction

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Kobayashi ◽  
Guoan Li
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Moment Arms ◽  
Joint Reaction Forces ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Knee Pathology

The load transfer mechanics across the patellofemoral (PF) joint during weight-bearing conditions is important for treatment of the knee pathology, such as knee OA, ACL deficiency as well as TKA. Many studies have characterized the PF joint reaction forces using equilibriums of the quadriceps and ground reaction forces at the knee joint [1,2,3]. However, this simplification does not consider other muscle function as well as 3D knee joint contact location when calculate moment arms of the involved forces.

Approximate determination of the joint reaction forces in the drive system with double universal joints

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (7) ◽  
pp. 1191-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Zhaohui Qi
Keyword(s):  
Drive System ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Approximate Determination ◽  
Equilibrium Equations ◽  
Rolling Bearings ◽  
Joint Reaction Forces ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Applied Forces ◽  
Joint Reaction ◽  
Universal Joints

In this study, a drive system connected by rolling bearings and double universal joints is modeled as a closed-loop multibody system. Because of the existence of redundant constraints, the joint reaction forces cannot be determined uniquely through dynamic analysis. Based on the physical mechanism where the joint reaction forces are the resultants of contact forces at the joint definition point, a methodology of frictionless contact analysis is presented to identify joint reaction forces. In terms of D’Alembert’s principle, the dynamic equations of constrained multibody systems are equivalent to the equilibrium equations of all bodies composed of joint contact forces, externally applied forces, and inertial forces. The equivalent equilibrium equations provide a set of complementary equations to identify the contact positions and contact forces in the rolling bearings and double universal joints. The drive system is also simulated using ADAMS software, where all the joints are released and the corresponding constraint functions are replaced by the impact forces between the joint components. Some conclusions are obtained through the comparison of numerical examples between the proposed method and the ADAMS model. In the double universal joints, the equations are adequate and independent, which results in that the corresponding contact positions and contact forces can be solved uniquely. Then, the correlation between the data produced by these two models is acceptable in the engineering practices. Furthermore, contact details in the double universal joints can be obtained without the calculation of the relative motion between the cross-pin and yokes. However, the reaction forces in the rolling bearings are indeterminate due to that their complementary equations are not independent. The proposed method has high efficiency and acceptable precision.

Knee Contact Characteristics During Drop Landing Exercise

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dumitru I. Caruntu ◽  
Ricardo Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
The Body ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Drop Landing ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
The Subject ◽  
D Model

This work investigates the human leg joint contact characteristics during a drop-landing exercise. The contact characteristics consist of tibio-femoral contact forces and contact point, and hip contact forces. An inverse dynamics 2-D model of human leg is used on this ballistic task in order to simplify computation. Experimental data used show a maximum of 100 degrees of flexion angle and ground reaction forces up to 4 times the body weight. All contact forces show a pattern in which they reach large magnitudes at the beginning of landing, decreasing as the subject end the exercise with a standing position.

Effect of Motion Type on Joint Contact Forces

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Schmitz ◽  
Jaclyn Norberg
Keyword(s):  
Force Plate ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Joint Forces ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Race Walking ◽  
Impact Exercise ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

Abstract Race walking has grown over the past decade because it provides exercise without the high impact loads of running. In fact, race walking has been shown to result in decreased ground reaction forces. We predict these lower ground reaction forces will extend to knee joint loading as well, thus explaining the decrease rate of knee osteoarthritis in race walkers compared to runners. This is a secondary analysis of instrumented motion capture data collected from fifteen competitive race walkers as they ran and race walked over a force plate. A Visual3D to OpenSim pipeline was used to create muscle actuated forward dynamics simulations of race walking and running. The resulting muscle forces were subsequently used to actuate a discrete element knee model to calculate joint forces. The peak tibiofemoral joint contact load during race walking was 18% lower than the load during running. This load was distributed between the medial and lateral compartments such that the medial load was 27% lower and the lateral load 35% lower in race walking. This suggests race walking is a lower impact exercise safer for the joints. This may be advantageous for people who would like to exercise at a higher intensity that walking provides but have joint problems, e.g. those with osteoarthritis.

Adaptation of the AnyBody™ Musculoskeletal Shoulder Model to the Nonconforming Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Context

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauranne Sins ◽  
Patrice Tétreault ◽  
Nicola Hagemeister ◽  
Natalia Nuño
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
Shoulder Arthroplasty ◽  
Humeral Head ◽  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Joint Reaction Forces ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Joint Reaction

Current musculoskeletal inverse dynamics shoulder models have two limitations to use in the context of nonconforming total shoulder arthroplasty (NC-TSA). First, the ball and socket glenohumeral (GH) joint simplification avoids any humeral head translations. Second, there is no contact at the GH joint to compute the contact area and the center of pressure (COP) between the two components of NC-TSA. In this paper, we adapted the AnyBody™ shoulder model by introducing humeral head translations and contact between the two components of an NC-TSA. Abduction in the scapular plane was considered. The main objective of this study was to adapt the AnyBody™ shoulder model to a NC-TSA context and to compare the results of our model (translations, COP, contact area, GH joint reaction forces (GH-JRFs), and muscular forces) with previous numerical, experimental, and clinical studies. Humeral head translations and contact were successfully introduced in our adapted shoulder model with strong support for our findings by previous studies.

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