scholarly journals Genetic Characterization and Pathological Analysis of a Novel Bacterial Pathogen, Pseudomonas tructae, in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woo Taek Oh ◽  
Ji Hyung Kim ◽  
Jin Woo Jun ◽  
Sib Sankar Giri ◽  
Saekil Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Fish Genome ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Pseudomonas Species

Pseudomonas species are one of the most prevalent bacterial species globally distributed in forest soil, river water, and human or animal skin. Some species are pathogens or opportunistic pathogens in hospitalized patients, animals, and plants. Various Pseudomonas species, including Pseudomonas putida, P. plecoglossicida, P. aeruginosa, and P. fluorescens, are known fish pathogens; P. fluorescens and P. putida cause severe losses in rainbow trout farming. Therefore, we investigated and isolated the pathogen that is responsible for mortality in a rainbow trout farm in Korea. The isolated bacterium was a strain of P. tructae, which was recently classified in the P. putida group. We performed taxonomical analysis of the bacteria in our previous study. In this study, we investigated the pathogenicity and clinical symptoms of P. tructae and analyzed its genomic characteristics. The pathogenicity of the strain was tested via challenge experiments in healthy rainbow trout and histopathologic analysis of the infected fish. Genome sequence was analyzed to identify the bacterial genes that are involved in antibiotic resistance and virulence. This is the first study reporting P. tructae as an emerging pathogen that is responsible for mortality in rainbow trout fisheries and providing the genome sequence of P. tructae.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of the Psychrophilic Bacterium Tenacibaculum ovolyticum Strain da5A-8 Isolated from Deep Seawater

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maki Teramoto ◽  
Zhenyu Zhai ◽  
Ayumi Komatsu ◽  
Keigo Shibayama ◽  
Masato Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Psychrophilic Bacterium ◽  
Fish Pathogen ◽  
Deep Seawater ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

Some bacterial species of the genus Tenacibaculum , including Tenacibaculum ovolyticum , have been known as fish pathogens in the sea. So far, the only published genome sequence for this genus is for Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi , which could also be a fish pathogen. Strain da5A-8, showing 100% identity to the 16S rRNA gene sequence of T. ovolyticum DSM 18103 T , was isolated from seawater at a depth of 344 m in Kochi, Japan, and grew optimally at 10 to 20°C. The genome sequence of strain da5A-8 revealed the possible virulence genes commonly observed in the genus Tenacibaculum .

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Epilithonimonas sp. FP211-J200, Isolated from an Outbreak Episode on a Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Farm

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Ayala ◽  
Cristopher Segovia ◽  
Rodrigo Rojas ◽  
Claudio Miranda ◽  
Javier Santander
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Kidney Cells ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Head Kidney Cells

ABSTRACT Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Epilithonimonas sp. FP211-J200, isolated from rainbow trout head kidney cells. The size of the genome is 4,110,772 bp, with a G+C content of 37.1%. The Epilithonimonas sp. FP211-J200 genome has genes related to tetracycline and β-lactam resistance. This is the first reported Epilithonimonas species genome isolated from a fish host.

scholarly journals Gökkuşağı Alabalığı Yemlerine Probiyotik ve Antibiyotik İlavelerinin Balıkların Sağlık Karakteristikleri Üzerine Etkileri

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1184
Author(s):  
Ekrem Şanver Çelik ◽  
Sebahattin Ergün ◽  
Sevdan Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Antibiotic Group ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Different Doses

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of dietary antibiotic (amoxycillin/clavulanic acid) and probiotic on the some immunological and serum biochemical health characteristics of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Lysozyme activity, myeloperoxidase activity, total protein, albumin, globulin, triglyceride and cholesterol of rainbow trout was not affected by any of the dietary additives tested. The serum glucose in antibiotic group was significantly higher than the control group. However, the GOT level in antibiotic group was lower than the control group. In addition, compared with the control group, the LDH and ALP were deceased significantly in the antibiotic and probiotic treatments. This study is a single experimental model, and further investigations on the use of different concentrations of probiotic in different fish species and different fish pathogens are encouraged in terms of the evaluation of various blood parameters, since it is likely that the responses of fish seem to be subject to change in relation to different doses or time.

Inhibition of fish pathogens by the microbiota from rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss , Walbaum) and rearing environment

Anaerobe ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Araújo ◽  
Estefanía Muñoz-Atienza ◽  
Yanina Nahuelquín ◽  
Patrícia Poeta ◽  
Gilberto Igrejas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Rearing Environment ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

scholarly journals Acinetobacter johnsonii and Acinetobacter lwoffii - the emerging fish pathogens

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Kozińska ◽  
Ewa Paździor ◽  
Agnieszka Pękala ◽  
Wiktor Niemczuk
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
16S Rdna Gene ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Resistance Transfer ◽  
Acinetobacter Sp

Abstract The aim of this study was to characterise Acinetobacter sp. isolated from fish. Eight isolates obtained from diseased rainbow trout and common carp cultured in Poland were analysed. The isolates were identified using API 20 NE system as Acinetobacter sp. Afterwards, they were identified by sequencing 16S rDNA gene fragment. The bacteria were identified as A. johnsonii (two isolates), A. lwoffii (two isolates), A. junii/johnsonii (one isolate), A. calcoaceticus (one isolate), and Acinetobacter sp. (two isolates). The drug resistance of isolates was examined. The majority of the isolates were resistant to ampicilin, amoxicillin, and cephalothin and all demonstrated sensitivity to fluoroquinolones, except of one isolate. Two isolates were selected for the experimental infection of trout and carp to confirm their pathogenicity. Experimentally infected fish showed disease symptoms similar to those observed in fish naturally infected with these bacteria. This is the first report concerning pathogenicity of A. johnsonii for rainbow trout and A. lwoffii for common carp. These bacteria were regarded as emerging opportunistic pathogens of fish farmed in Poland. Acinetobacter strains are commonly known as microorganisms transmitting the antibiotic resistance genes. Therefore, they might have a great impact on the resistance transfer in aquaculture.

scholarly journals The Nasal Epithelium as a Route of Infection and Clinical Signs Changes, in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fingerlings Infected with Aeromonas spp

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9159
Author(s):  
Fabián Ricardo Gómez de Anda ◽  
Vicente Vega-Sánchez ◽  
Nydia Edith Reyes-Rodríguez ◽  
Víctor Manuel Martínez-Juárez ◽  
Juan Carlos Ángeles-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Aeromonas Species ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

The genus Aeromonas is a group of bacteria that is widely distributed in water bodies and belongs to the normal intestinal microbiota of aquatic and terrestrial animals. In the present work, rainbow trout fingerlings were experimentally infected by an immersion bath with different Aeromonas species. Subsequently, the behavior of the infected groups was observed and recorded. Infected fingerlings were evaluated by histopathology. The highest percentages of hyperpigmentation (18.88%) and inappetence (47.7%) were observed in fish infected with A. salmonicida, while abnormal swimming (83.33%) was recorded in fish infected with A. bestiarum. In histopathological findings, the highest percentages were observed in the olfactory epithelium (50.0%) for A. lusitana and A. salmonicida (41.1%)-infected fish. While, in the nervous system, the cerebral hemispheres (31.1%) in A. media-infected fish and the oblongata medulla (40.0%) in the A. bestiarum-infected fish presented the highest percentages. Meanwhile, A. salmonicida and A. bestiarum have the highest pathogenicity and virulence based on the histopathological findings in the olfactory epithelium and nervous system. Due to the proximity of the olfactory epithelium with the nervous tissue, it is possible that the infection generated by the Aeromonas species and the histopathological findings in the nervous tissue are reflected in different behavioral changes that suggest differences in the pathogenicity and virulence of the bacteria.

scholarly journals Lactococcus lactis RBT18: From the Rainbow Trout Farm to the Lab, the Tale of a Nisin Z Producer

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Diogo Contente ◽  
Javier Feito ◽  
Juan Borrero ◽  
Nuria Peña ◽  
Estefanía Muñoz-Atienza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Nisin Z

Infectious diseases, such as lactococcosis caused by Lactococcus garvieae, are portrayed as critical limiting factors in aquaculture. The antimicrobial properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), mainly the production of organic acids and bacteriocins (e.g., the lanthionine containing nisins A and Z; NisA and NisZ, respectively), led to propose LAB as probiotics to be used as an alternative and/or complementary strategy to vaccination and chemotherapy in aquaculture. L. lactis RBT18, isolated from cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum), exerts strong, direct, and extracellular antimicrobial activity against L. garvieae and other ichthyopathogens, with the latter being heat-resistant (100 °C, 10 min), and thus suggesting the involvement of a thermostable antimicrobial compound (i.e., bacteriocin). Cross-immunity tests using the agar well diffusion test (ADT) and PCR assays suggested that NisA/Z is the bacteriocin responsible for the extracellular antimicrobial activity exerted by L. lactis RBT18. To demonstrate this hypothesis, the bacteriocin was purified to homogeneity by two multi-chromatographic procedures. MALDI TOF-MS analyses of purified samples after the last reverse-phase chromatography step identified the presence of NisZ (3330 Da), and its oxidized form (3346 Da), derived from the oxidation of a lanthionine ring. The oxidized NisZ showed a diminished antimicrobial activity that would increase the chances of bacterial pathogens to evade its antimicrobial activity. Further experiments are necessary to assess the in vitro and in vivo safety and efficiency of L. lactis RBT18 as a probiotic in aquaculture, but also to optimize the environmental conditions to reduce bacteriocin oxidation and thus bacterial pathogen resistance.

Susceptibility of pike Esox lucius to VHSV and IHNV and potential transmission to rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

2020 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 175-187
Author(s):  
J Cabon ◽  
F Almeras ◽  
M Baud ◽  
L Pallandre ◽  
T Morin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Esox Lucius ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Determining the origin of recurrent outbreaks of fish diseases occurring on fish farms is essential for disease prevention and control measures. In this study, we investigated the potential reservoir role of wild fish species living near salmonid farms which were regularly found to be positive for viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV). In addition to VHSV, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) was also isolated from several pike Esox lucius samples collected from a pond near the salmonid farms of interest. All isolates of VHSV and IHNV analyzed had 100% identical partial glycoprotein gene sequences. VHSV pike strain OO128-25 belonged to the Ia genotype and shared 99.1 to 99.5% nucleotide identity with strains recently isolated from the farms. IHNV pike strain OO121-8, European genotype, appeared to be different from strains from France characterized since the first isolation in 1987. Isolates representative of both viral species were highly virulent in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. OO128-25 induced 65% mortality in pike fingerlings, whereas only weak mortality was observed with OO121-8, despite characteristic symptoms in infected fish. High levels of specific antibodies to VHSV and IHNV were detected in adult pike in the absence of clinical signs. Infection of rainbow trout in contact with experimentally VHSV- or IHNV-infected pike fingerlings indicates possible horizontal transmission. These results suggest that pike could act as a reservoir for VHSV and IHNV in the wild, providing additional evidence to explain viral persistence and resurgence in certain areas.

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