The Influence of the Degradation of Tetracycline by Free Radicals from Riboflavin-5′-Phosphate Photolysis on Microbial Viability

Tetracycline (TC) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic compound. Wastewater with TC may have an adverse effect on ecosystems. Riboflavin-5′-phosphate (FMN or flavin mononucleotide) is a non-toxic product of the phosphorylation of vitamin B2 and is required for the proper functioning of the humans. FMN is sensitized to ultraviolet (UV) and blue light radiation, as evidenced by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study inspects feasible applications of blue light on FMN so as to develop a valid way of degrading TC by FMN photolysis. We used the increased rate of bacterial survival as a practical indicator of antibiotic degradation. TC in the presence of FMN solution decomposed completely after 20 W/m2 of blue light irradiation (TCF treatment), and the degradation of TC (D-TCF) occurred after the photolytic process. After TCF treatment, colony-forming units (CFUs) of Escherichia coli (E. coli) were determined for the D-TCF solution. The CFU of E. coli preservation was 93.2% of the D-TCF solution (50 μg/mL of TC in the presence of 114 μg/mL of FMN solution treated with 20 W/m2 of blue light irradiation at 25 °C for 1 h) cultivation. The mass spectrum of D-TCF showed diagnostic ion signals at m/z 431.0 and 414.0 Da. The molecular formula of D-TCF was C21H22N2O8, and the exact mass was 430.44 g/mol. TC degradation by FMN photolysis can significantly decrease the antimicrobial ability of TC. The results expressed here regarding the influence of FMN photolysis on TC degradation offer an environmentally sound wastewater treatment method.

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Optoregulated Drug Release from an Engineered Living Hydrogel

10.26434/chemrxiv.7087010 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Shrikrishnan Sankaran ◽

Judith Becker ◽

Christoph Wittmann ◽

Aránzazu del Campo

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Blue Light ◽

Light Irradiation ◽

E Coli ◽

Hydrogel Matrix ◽

Prolonged Drug Release

A living hydrogel has been developed with metabolically and optogenetically engineered E. coli encapsulated within an agarose-based hydrogel matrix to produce and release deoxyviolacein in response to blue light irradiation. Localized, tunable and prolonged drug release have been demonstrated.<br>

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Optoregulated Drug Release from an Engineered Living Hydrogel

10.26434/chemrxiv.7087010.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Shrikrishnan Sankaran ◽

Judith Becker ◽

Christoph Wittmann ◽

Aránzazu del Campo

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Blue Light ◽

Light Irradiation ◽

E Coli ◽

Hydrogel Matrix ◽

Prolonged Drug Release

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Effects of 462 nm Light-Emitting Diode on the Inactivation of Escherichia coli and a Multidrug-Resistant by Tetracycline Photoreaction

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm7090278 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 278 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Shiuh-Tsuen Huang ◽

Chun-Yi Wu ◽

Nan‐Yao Lee ◽

Chien-Wei Cheng ◽

Meei-Ju Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Blue Light ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Molecular Formula ◽

Light Illumination ◽

Light Emitting ◽

E Coli

The adaptability of bacterial resistance to antibiotics contributes to its high efficiency during evolution. Tetracycline (TC) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. Chromatographic analyses and mass spectrometry were used to study the effects of the light illumination of a 462 nm light-emitting diode (LED) on the conformational changes of TC in a phosphate buffer solution (PBS, pH 7.8). Especially, the inactivation of superoxide anion radicals (O2•−) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), including that of a multidrug-resistant E. coli (MDR E. coli), were investigated during the photolysis of TC. A photolysis product of TC (PPT) was generated in an alkaline solution after the illumination of a blue light. The mass spectra of PPT had characteristic ion signals in m/z 459, 445, and 249.1 Da. The PPT has the molecular formula of C22H22N2O9, and the exact mass is 458.44 g/mol. The inactivation of MDR E. coli is not significant with TC treatment. The drug-resistant ability of MDR E. coli has a less significant effect on PPT, and the changed conformation of TC retained the inactivation ability of MDR E. coli upon blue light photoreaction. With TC, illuminated by a blue light in a pH 7.8 PBS, O2•− was generated from TC photolysis, which enhanced the inactivation of E. coli and MDR E. coli. A 96.6% inactivation rate of MDR E. coli was reached with TC under 2.0 mW/cm2 blue light illumination at 25 ± 3 °C for 120 min, and the effects of the TC-treated photoreaction on MDR E. coli viability repressed the growth of MDR E. coli by 4 to 5 logs. The present study of the blue light photoreaction of TC offers a new approach to the inactivation of MDR E. coli.

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Investigations of blue light-induced reactive oxygen species from flavin mononucleotide on inactivation of E. coli

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology ◽

10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.01.005 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 143 ◽

pp. 82-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Ji-Yuan Liang ◽

Chien-Wei Cheng ◽

Chin-Hao Yu ◽

Liang-Yü Chen

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Blue Light ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Flavin Mononucleotide ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

E Coli

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of The K1 capsule modulates trafficking of E. coli-containing vacuoles and enhances intracellular bacterial survival in human brain microvascular endothelial cells.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1012904.187852 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

Francisco Garcia-del Portillo

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Human Brain ◽

Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽

Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽

Bacterial Survival ◽

E Coli ◽

Microvascular Endothelial ◽

K1 Capsule

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Fabrication of AgCl/Ag3PO4/graphitic carbon nitride heterojunctions for enhanced visible light photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue, methylparaben and E. coli

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/d0ra09147b ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 6383-6394 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Haishuai Li ◽

Linlin Cai ◽

Xin Wang ◽

Huixian Shi

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Visible Light ◽

Photocatalytic Degradation ◽

Visible Light Irradiation ◽

Carbon Nitride ◽

Light Irradiation ◽

Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽

Photocatalytic Decomposition ◽

E Coli ◽

Visible Light Photocatalytic

A noval ternary nanocomposite AgCl/Ag3PO4/g-C3N4 was successfully synthesized for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue, methylparaben and inactivation of E. coli under visible light irradiation, showing excellent photocatalytic degradation performance and stability.

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TiO2 antifouling coating based on epoxy-modified tung oil waterborne resin

Polymers and Polymer Composites ◽

10.1177/09673911211011123 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 096739112110111

Author(s):

Hailiang Hu ◽

Minmin Chen ◽

Mengye Cao

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Light Irradiation ◽

Fouling Resistance ◽

Tung Oil ◽

E Coli ◽

Antifouling Coating ◽

Waterborne Epoxy

The eco-friendly functionalized TiO2/polymer antifouling (AF) coating was successfully synthesized by dispersing TiO2 nanoparticles in waterborne epoxy-modified tung oil resin. The AF effectiveness of coating was evaluated toward Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus, ATCC6538), Escherichia coli ( E. coli, ATCC8739) and diatom ( Cyclotella sp., FACHB-1635). The nanoTiO2/polymer AF coating showed good antimicrobial activity both under the light and dark conditions by comparison with the pristine TiO2 nanoparticles and bulk polymer. Under light irradiation for 50 min, the AF coating showed only 8.4% and 8% survival rate for S. aureus and E. coli. In addition, The AF coatings exhibited favorable inhibition efficacy toward the growth and adhesion of Cyclotella sp., and the efficacy was enhanced with the increase of TiO2 content. It can be concluded that TiO2 nanoparticles endow the AF coatings with promoted fouling resistance properties.

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