scholarly journals Rehydration before Application Improves Functional Properties of Lyophilized Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HAC03

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013
Author(s):  
Karina Arellano-Ayala ◽  
Juhwan Lim ◽  
Subin Yeo ◽  
Jorge Enrique Vazquez Bucheli ◽  
Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Active Formulation

Preservation of probiotics by lyophilization is considered a method of choice for developing stable products. However, both direct consumption and reconstitution of dehydrated probiotic preparations before application “compromise” the survival and functional characteristics of the microorganisms under the stress of the upper gastro-intestinal tract. We evaluated the impact of different food additives on the viability, mucin adhesion, and zeta potential of a freeze-dried putative probiotic, Lactiplantibacillus (Lp.) plantarum HAC03. HAC03-compatible ingredients for the formulation of ten rehydration mixtures could be selected. Elevated efficacy was achieved by the B-active formulation, a mixture of non-protein nitrogen compounds, sugars, and salts. The survival of Lp. plantarum HAC03 increased by 36.36% compared rehydration with distilled water (4.92%) after passing simulated gastro-intestinal stress conditions. Cell viability determined by plate counting was confirmed by flow cytometry. B-active formulation also influenced Lp. plantarum HAC03 functionality by increasing its adherence to a Caco-2 cell-line and by changing the bacterial surface charge, measured as zeta potential.Hydrophobicity, mucin adhesion and immunomodulatory properties of Lp. plantarum HAC03 were not affected by the B-active formulation. The rehydration medium also effectively protected Lp. plantarum ATCC14917, Lp. plantarum 299v, Latilactobacillus sakei (Lt.) HAC11, Lacticaseibacillus (Lc.) paracasei 532, Enterococcus faecium 200, and Lc. rhamnosus BFE5263.

scholarly journals The relation of the parathyroid glands to the action of irradiated ergosterol

1934 ◽  
Vol 116 (796) ◽  
pp. 10-26 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
The Third ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Fundamental Relationship ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract

In a previous communication (Taylor, Weld, Branion and Kay, 1931) we drew attention to the similarity between the effects upon dogs of overdosage with parathormone and those induced by excessive doses of irradiated ergosterol. A large number of animals were studied and several different aspects of the overdosage manifestations of the hormone and the vitamin were compared. The rise in the serum calcium effected by large doses of either of these two substances had been sufficient alone to suggest to many investigators some fundamental relationship between their actions. The suggestion was given the colour of reality by the facts, that whichever agent was employed, the magnitude of the calcium rise and the excretory response of the kidney were found to be essentially the same. The urinary calcium is greatly increased and the volume and total acidity of the urine rises in either instance. Other features common to the actions of the two substances are the rise in the non-protein nitrogen of the blood and a great elevation of the blood phosphorus in the terminal stages of the overdosage condition. These resemblances in action we believe are not without significance in view of the fact that no other agent is known to cause a comparable combination of effects. The experiments carried out at Toronto demonstrated two other remarkable points of similarity between the actions of the two agents, namely, the closely comparable degrees of susceptibility to either substance exhibited by various species and the identical nature of the vascular changes in the gastro-intestinal tract of carnivora, whichever substance was employed. Since the publication of our earlier paper the susceptibility to irradiated ergosterol and parathormone has been investigated in two other species—pigs and lions. Eight young pigs, just weaned, were employed. Three were each given 2 cc doses of irradiated ergosterol (10-000 X) by mouth daily. This amounted to 0.06 cc per kilo of body weight. The remaining animals were kept as controls. One of the treated animals died at the end of the fourth week. Bleeding from the nose and difficulty in breathing were present for a day or two preceding death. At autopsy a hæmorrhagic state of the lungs-was found. The second animal died after 5 weeks of treatment. The postmortem examination showed hæmorrhages into the lungs and gastro-intestinal tract. The third animal showed no ill effects. It gained in weight throughout the experiment and in no way appeared different from the controls. From these results the susceptibility of pigs to the overdosage effects appears to be little different from that of dogs. Other members of this species exhibited a corresponding degree of susceptibility to the effects of parathormone.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF IMPLEMENTATION AND IMPACT OF APPENDECTOMY AT ACTIVATION OF THE PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC NON-ATROPHIC GASTRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1489-1491
Author(s):  
Anatoly A. Avramenko
Keyword(s):  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gastric Stump ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract ◽  
The Impact

The aim: Determine the frequency of surgery-appendectomy of patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis and the impact of this transaction on the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis. Materials and methods: Data of disease history and life were analyses, as well as the results of a comprehensive survey of 245 patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis. Comprehensive examination included: step-by-step рН-metry, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, helicobacter infection test (НР) (helicobacter urease test and microscopic examination of stained smears), histological investigations of the gastric stump mucous. Results: Helicobacter infection was detected in 100% of cases. It was found that 56 (22.9%) of patients were subjected to appendectomy. Age of patients, who had an appendectomy ranged from 4 to 40 years and averaged 18.34 ± 1.05 years, and the first pathological manifestations of the gastro-intestinal tract appeared in an average of 28.27± 1.75 year, i.e. in 10 years. As for the age qualification pupil were the earliest pathological manifestations appeared in a group of patients from 11 to 15 years (13 people (23.2%) and amounted to about 6 years after the operation, and 6 (46.2%) patients, manifestations appeared in 2-6 months after surgery; the most recent is in group from 16 to 20 years (19 people (33.9%) and amounted to about 14 years (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Surgery on the body of immune system – appendix provokes activation of latent form of chronic non-atrophic gastritis, especially during puberty.

Probiotic lactic acid bacteria in the gastro-intestinal tract: health benefits, safety and mode of action

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Dicks ◽  
M. Botes
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
World Health ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract ◽  
The Impact

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have received considerable attention as probiotics over the past few years. This concept has grown from traditional dairy products to a profitable market of probiotic health supplements and functional foods. Extensive research is done on novel potential probiotic strains, with specific emphasis on their health benefits and mode of action. Criteria for the selection of probiotic strains have only recently been formulated by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Health Organization (FAO/WHO). Several in vitro techniques have been developed to evaluate the probiotic properties of strains. In many cases, this is followed by in vivo tests. Safety studies are also obligatory, as a few cases of bacteremia caused by LAB have been reported. This review focuses on the health benefits and safety of LAB probiotics, the criteria used to select a probiotic, mode of action and the impact these organisms have on natural microbiota in the gastro-intestinal tract.

A Systems Approach to ER Stress Pathway Dynamics Reveals the Impact of Freeze-Dried Broccoli Extract to Mitigate Inflammation in Human Adipocytes through the Mevalonate Pathway

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2076-P
Author(s):  
ALICE MURPHY ◽  
SAHAR AZHARIAN ◽  
GYANENDRA TRIPATHI ◽  
GUY BARKER ◽  
MICHAEL J. CHAPPELL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Er Stress ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Mevalonate Pathway ◽  
Human Adipocytes ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stress Pathway

Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Induced Damage on Lower Gastro-Intestinal Tract: Is There an Involvement of Microbiota?

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Montenegro ◽  
Giuseppe Losurdo ◽  
Raffaele Licinio ◽  
Maria Zamparella ◽  
Floriana Giorgio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Inflammatory Drug ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract

scholarly journals Effect of Freeze Drying and Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion on Phenolic Metabolites and Antioxidant Property of the Natal Plum (Carissa macrocarpa)

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1420
Author(s):  
Faith Seke ◽  
Vimbainashe E. Manhivi ◽  
Tinotenda Shoko ◽  
Retha M. Slabbert ◽  
Yasmina Sultanbawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Intestinal Phase ◽  
Glucosidase Activity ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
The Impact

Natal plums (Carissa macrocarpa) are a natural source of bioactive compounds, particularly anthocyanins, and can be consumed as a snack. This study characterized the impact of freeze drying and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the phenolic profile, antioxidant capacity, and α-glucosidase activity of the Natal plum (Carissa macrocarpa). The phenolic compounds were quantified using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode-array detector HPLC-DAD and an ultra-performance liquid chromatograph (UPLC) with a Waters Acquity photodiode array detector (PDA) coupled to a Synapt G2 quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) mass spectrometer. Cyanidin-3-O-β-sambubioside (Cy-3-Sa) and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cy-3-G) were the dominant anthocyanins in the fresh and freeze-dried Natal plum powder. Freeze drying did not affect the concentrations of both cyanidin compounds compared to the fresh fruit. Both cyanidin compounds, ellagic acid, catechin, epicatechin syringic acid, caffeic acid, luteolin, and quercetin O-glycoside from the ingested freeze-dried Natal plum powder was quite stable in the gastric phase compared to the small intestinal phase. Cyanidin-3-O-β-sambubioside from the ingested Natal plum powder showed bioaccessibility of 32.2% compared to cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (16.3%). The degradation of anthocyanins increased the bioaccessibility of gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, coumaric acid, and ferulic acid significantly, in the small intestinal digesta. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) activities, and inhibitory effect of α-glucosidase activity decreased in the small intestinal phase. Indigenous fruits or freeze-dried powders with Cy-3-Sa can be a better source of anthocyanin than Cy-3-G due to higher bioaccessibility in the small intestinal phase.

scholarly journals Combinations of Freeze-Dried Amorphous Vardenafil Hydrochloride with Saccharides as A Way to Enhance Dissolution Rate and Permeability

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 453
Author(s):  
Gabriela Wiergowska ◽  
Dominika Ludowicz ◽  
Kamil Wdowiak ◽  
Andrzej Miklaszewski ◽  
Kornelia Lewandowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Crystalline Form ◽  
Amorphous Form ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Apparent Solubility ◽  
Gastrointestinal Epithelium ◽  
The Impact

To improve physicochemical properties of vardenafil hydrochloride (VAR), its amorphous form and combinations with excipients—hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)—were prepared. The impact of the modification on physicochemical properties was estimated by comparing amorphous mixtures of VAR to their crystalline form. The amorphous form of VAR was obtained as a result of the freeze-drying process. Confirmation of the identity of the amorphous dispersion of VAR was obtained through the use of comprehensive analysis techniques—X-ray powder diffraction (PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), supported by FT-IR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) coupled with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The amorphous mixtures of VAR increased its apparent solubility compared to the crystalline form. Moreover, a nearly 1.3-fold increase of amorphous VAR permeability through membranes simulating gastrointestinal epithelium as a consequence of the changes of apparent solubility (Papp crystalline VAR = 6.83 × 10−6 cm/s vs. Papp amorphous VAR = 8.75 × 10−6 cm/s) was observed, especially for its combinations with β-CD in the ratio of 1:5—more than 1.5-fold increase (Papp amorphous VAR = 8.75 × 10−6 cm/s vs. Papp amorphous VAR:β-CD 1:5 = 13.43 × 10−6 cm/s). The stability of the amorphous VAR was confirmed for 7 months. The HPMC and β-CD are effective modifiers of its apparent solubility and permeation through membranes simulating gastrointestinal epithelium, suggesting a possibility of a stronger pharmacological effect.

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