scholarly journals Partitioning and Surficial Segregation of Trace Elements in Iron Oxides in Hydrothermal Fluid Systems

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Nikolay Smagunov ◽  
Vladimir Tauson ◽  
Sergey Lipko ◽  
Dmitriy Babkin ◽  
Taisa Pastushkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Fluid Systems ◽  
Nonautonomous Phase ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Partitioning experiments were done by hydrothermal synthesis of crystals containing trace elements (TEs) by internal sampling of fluid at the temperature of 450 °C and pressure of 1 kbar. The crystal phases obtained were magnetite, hematite, and Ni-spinel, which were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The solutions from the sampler’s fluid probes were analysed by AAS for TEs included elements of the iron group plus aluminium. The highest co-crystallisation coefficients of TE and Fe between mineral and fluid (DTE/Fe) in magnetite were measured for V, Al, Ni and Cr (in decreasing order of n units in value), a lower value was observed for Co (2 × 10−1), and still lower values for Ti, Zn, and Mn (n × 10−2–10−3). In hematite, DTE/Fe values were highest for Al and V (order of n units in value), while lower values characterised Ti, Cr, and Co (n × 10−1–10−3), and the lowest values were exhibited by Cu, Mn, and Zn (n × 10−5). Copper was confirmed to be the most incompatible with all minerals studied; however, Cu had a high content on crystal surfaces. This surficial segregation contributes to the average TE concentration even when a thin layer of nonautonomous phase (NAP) is enriched in the element of interest. The accumulation of TEs on the surface of crystals increased bulk content 1–2 orders of magnitude above the content of structurally-bound elements even in coarse crystals. The inverse problem—evaluation of TE/Fe ratios in fluids involved in the formation of magnetite-containing deposits—revealed that the most abundant metals in fluids were Fe followed by Mn, Zn, and Cu, which comprised 10 to 30% of the total iron content.

scholarly journals Efflorescent Sulfate Crystallization on Fractured and Polished Colloform Pyrite Surfaces: A Migration Pathway of Trace Elements

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Dimitrina Dimitrova ◽  
Vassilka Mladenova ◽  
Lutz Hecht
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Migration Pathway ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Scanning Electron

The colloform pyrite variety incorporates many trace elements that are released in the environment during rapid oxidation. Colloform pyrite from the Chiprovtsi silver–lead deposit in Bulgaria and its oxidation efflorescent products were studied using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Pyrite is enriched with (in ppm): Co (0.1–964), Ni (1.8–3858), Cu (2.9–3188), Zn (3.1–77), Ag (1.2–1771), As (8179–52,787), Se (2.7–21.7), Sb (48–17792), Hg (4–2854), Tl (1.7–2336), Pb (13–7072), and Au (0.07–2.77). Gypsum, anhydrite, szomolnokite, halotrichite, römerite, copiapite, aluminocopiapite, magnesiocopiapite, coquimbite, aluminocoquimbite, voltaite, and ammoniomagnesiovoltaite were identified in the efflorescent sulfate assemblage. Sulfate minerals contain not only inherited elements from pyrite (Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, In, As, Sb, Hg, Tl, and Pb), but also newly introduced elements (Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Mn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Sn, Cs, Ba, REE, U, and Th). Voltaite group minerals, copiapite, magnesiocopiapite, and römerite incorporate most of the trace elements, especially the most hazardous As, Sb, Hg, and Tl. Colloform pyrite occurrence in the Chiprovtsi deposit is limited. Its association with marbles would further restrict the oxidation and release of hazardous elements into the environment.

scholarly journals Concentration of Elements in Food: How Can It Reflect Impact of Environmental and Other Influencing Factors?

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zane Vincevica-Gaile ◽  
Maris Klavins
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Cottage Cheese ◽  
Elemental Content ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Fresh Food ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Abstract Element content of food is variable and can be influenced by different factors. The aim of the present study was to discover the linkage between macro- and microelement concentrations in food produced in Latvia, and possible impacts of environmental factors. More than 300 fresh food samples such as eggs, cottage cheese, honey, root vegetables, apple juice, apple wine were collected in the time period from 2009 to 2011. Samples were mineralised or analysed directly by appropriate method of quantitative analysis: atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry or total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Statistical analysis of data revealed that food elemental content can be influenced by sitespecific factors such as geographical origin, seasonality, environmental pollution.

scholarly journals Novel Coatings to Minimize Corrosion of Titanium in Oral Biofilm

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Samira Esteves Afonso Camargo ◽  
Tanaya Roy ◽  
Xinyi Xia ◽  
Chaker Fares ◽  
Shu-Min Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Surface Corrosion ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The aim of this work is to investigate the effects produced by polymicrobial biofilm (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus salivarius) on the corrosion behavior of titanium dental implants. Pure titanium disks were polished and coated with titanium nitride (TiN) and silicon carbide (SiC) along with their quarternized versions. Next, the disks were cultivated in culture medium (BHI) with P. gingivalis, S. mutans, S. sanguinis, and S. salivarius and incubated anaerobically at 37 °C for 30 days. Titanium corrosion was evaluated through surface observation using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Furthermore, the Ti release in the medium was evaluated by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). SEM images showed that coated Ti disks exhibited lower corrosion compared to non-coated disks, except for the quartenized TiN. This was confirmed by AFM, where the roughness was higher in non-coated Ti disks. ICP showed that Ti levels were low in all coating disks. These results indicate that these SiC and TiN-based coatings could be a useful tool to reduce surface corrosion on titanium implant surfaces.

High Productivity Geochemical XRF Analysis

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 717-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark N. Ingham ◽  
Bruno A.R. Vrebos
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Inorganic Analysis ◽  
British Geological Survey ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Inductively Coupled

XRF has become over the years a method of choice when dealing with elemental analysis of large quantities of samples. Geochemical analysis pushes the technique to its limits because of the large number of samples to be analysed as well as the lower limits of detection required for many trace elements of geochemical and economic importance. The Analytical Geochemistry Group at the British Geological Survey (BGS) has access to a wide variety of methods for instrumental analysis. Instrumental methods for inorganic analysis include x-ray fluorescence as well as DC arc emission spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). X-ray fluorescence, however, is the technique of choice when it comes to the routine analysis of large numbers of solid samples. The XRF section at BGS currently runs three sequential spectrometers (one PW1480 and two PW2400s made by Philips Analytical X-Ray). In this paper, some aspects of the method of sample preparation and the calibration of the spectrometers for the analysis of the trace elements are discussed.

scholarly journals Development of New Canned Chub Mackerel Products Incorporating Edible Seaweeds—Influence on the Minerals and Trace Elements Composition

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1133
Author(s):  
Elsa F. Vieira ◽  
Cristina Soares ◽  
Susana Machado ◽  
M. Teresa Oliva-Teles ◽  
Manuela Correia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Chub Mackerel ◽  
Continuum Source ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Edible Seaweeds ◽  
Saccorhiza Polyschides ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

This study aimed to develop new canned chub mackerel products incorporating edible seaweeds (Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus spiralis, Saccorhiza polyschides, Chondrus crispus, Porphyra sp. and Ulva sp.) harvested in the Portuguese North-Central coast, with simultaneous sensory improvement and minerals enrichment. Two processes were compared, namely the addition of seaweeds in i) the canning step and ii) in the brining step (as the replacement for salt). The concentrations of four macrominerals (Na, K, Ca and Mg), chloride, and twelve trace elements (Co, Cu, Fe, I, Li, Mn, Mo, Rb, Se, Sr, V and Zn) were determined by high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-FAAS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively. Results showed that canned chub mackerel incorporating C. crispus and F. spiralis was found to be the preferred sensory option, also exhibiting contents enriched with Cl, Co, Cu, Fe, I, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Rb, Se, and Sr. This effect was more pronounced when both seaweed species were added to replace the salt added in the brining step.

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