scholarly journals Coprecipitation of Co2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ with Mn(III/IV) Oxides Formed in Metal-Rich Mine Waters

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sánchez-España ◽  
Yusta
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Mn Oxides ◽  
Very High

Manganese oxides are widespread in soils and natural waters, and their capacity to adsorb different trace metals such as Co, Ni, or Zn is well known. In this study, we aimed to compare the extent of trace metal coprecipitation in different Mn oxides formed during Mn(II) oxidation in highly concentrated, metal-rich mine waters. For this purpose, mine water samples collected from the deepest part of several acidic pit lakes in Spain (pH 2.7–4.2), with very high concentration of manganese (358–892 mg/L Mn) and trace metals (e.g., 795–10,394 µg/L Ni, 678–11,081 µg/L Co, 259–624 mg/L Zn), were neutralized to pH 8.0 in the laboratory and later used for Mn(II) oxidation experiments. These waters were subsequently allowed to oxidize at room temperature and pH = 8.5–9.0 over several weeks until Mn(II) was totally oxidized and a dense layer of manganese precipitates had been formed. These solids were characterized by different techniques for investigating the mineral phases formed and the amount of coprecipitated trace metals. All Mn oxides were fine-grained and poorly crystalline. Evidence from X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled to Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM–EDX) suggests the formation of different manganese oxides with varying oxidation state ranging from Mn(III) (e.g., manganite) and Mn(III/IV) (e.g., birnessite, todorokite) to Mn(IV) (e.g., asbolane). Whole-precipitate analyses by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES), and/or Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS), provided important concentrations of trace metals in birnessite (e.g., up to 1424 ppm Co, 814 ppm Ni, and 2713 ppm Zn), while Co and Ni concentrations at weight percent units were detected in asbolane by SEM-EDX. This trace metal retention capacity is lower than that observed in natural Mn oxides (e.g., birnessite) formed in the water column in a circum-neutral pit lake (pH 7.0–8.0), or in desautelsite obtained in previous neutralization experiments (pH 9.0–10.0). However, given the very high amount of Mn sorbent material formed in the solutions (2.8–4.6 g/L Mn oxide), the formation of these Mn(III/IV) oxides invariably led to the virtually total removal of Co, Ni, and Zn from the aqueous phase. We evaluate these data in the context of mine water pollution treatment and recovery of critical metals.

Preparation of Urine Samples for Trace Metal Determination: A Study with Aluminium Analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
T J Burden ◽  
M W Whitehead ◽  
R P H Thompson ◽  
J J Powell
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Individual Sample ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Pooled Sample

Urinary analysis of trace metals forms a significant role in clinical chemistry, but the optimal preparation and analysis of urine samples has not been investigated. Human urine is generally supersaturated with dissolved solids. Therefore, samples often precipitate following collection. X-ray microanalysis showed that this precipitate was predominantly rich in calcium and phosphorus but could include some trace metals from urine, potentially lowering their concentrations in solution. Hence, the precipitate must be fully redissolved for accurate analysis of trace metals in urine. Methods are emphasized for the best collection and preparation of urine samples for subsequent trace metal analysis; in this work inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICPOES) was used for the analysis of aluminium. For optimal accuracy, peak profiles were collected over 396.147 nm-396.157 nm. Urinary aluminium levels were investigated from 10 healthy volunteers and concentrations were obtained using either aqueous, pooled or individual urine-based standard curves. Since urine has a highly variable matrix, individual sample-based standards, which are unique to that particular sample, gave the most accurate results. However, where sample size is small or sample numbers are unfeasibly large, pooled sample-based standards give good approximations to within 15% and, with appropriate validation, other elements as internal standards could also be used for approximations. Aqueous standards should be avoided. Spike-recovery experiments confirmed these data since individual sample based standards showed optimal recovery [99.3 (4.4)%], while pooled sample-based standards were a close proxy [101.6 (9.2)%] but aqueous standards were inappropriate [137.4 (12.8)%]. Postprandial urinary aluminium levels of the 10 volunteers were [7.2 (3.7)μg/L] after analysis using individual sample-based standard curves.

scholarly journals Composition of Trace Metals in Dust Samples Collected from Selected High Schools in Pretoria, South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Olowoyo ◽  
L. L. Mugivhisa ◽  
Z. G. Magoloi
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Recess Period

Potential health risks associated with trace metal pollution have necessitated the importance of monitoring their levels in the environment. The present study investigated the concentrations and compositions of trace metals in dust samples collected from classrooms and playing ground from the selected high schools In Pretoria. Schools were selected from Pretoria based on factors such as proximity to high traffic ways, industrial areas, and residential areas. Thirty-two dust samples were collected from inside and outside the classrooms, where learners often stay during recess period. The dust samples were analysed for trace metal concentrations using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The composition of the elements showed that the concentrations of Zn were more than all other elements except from one of the schools. There were significant differences in the concentrations of trace metals from the schools (p<0.05). Regular cleaning, proximity to busy road, and well maintained gardens seem to have positive effects on the concentrations of trace metals recorded from the classrooms dust. The result further revealed a positive correlation for elements such as Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Sb, indicating that the dust might have a common source.

scholarly journals Epithermal Origin and Environmental Evolution of Iron-Hosted Thallium and Kerogen Deposits: The Lodares Area Case (Soria, Spain)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Garcia-Guinea ◽  
Fernando Garrido ◽  
Paula Lopez-Arce ◽  
Andreas Voguelin ◽  
Jörg Göttlicher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Iron Sulfate ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Rare Element ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Geochemical Cycle

Hydrothermal pyrite is an important source of thallium (Tl) but this rare element can be also detected in the secondary iron goethite-lepidocrocite and jarosite ores, associated to hydrothermal kerogen, manganese oxides, accessorial potassium minerals and tiny Tl-bearing clusters shielded in quartz masses. We studied Tl-bearing samples collected from Fe-Mn ores hosted in dolostone rocks sited along ca. 15 km of fossil thermal springs following a geological fault in the Lodares surroundings. Samples were analyzed by environmental scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (ESEM-EDS), electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA), inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Tl LIII-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, Micro-Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). We found epithermal pyrite, sphalerite, galena and baryte and secondary gypsum, jarosite, scorodite, anglesite, goethite, epsomite and elemental sulfur produced by both hydroxylation and bacterial processes. The highest Tl contents were found in hydrothermal pyrite (200 mg kg-1), kerogen (13 mg kg-1), manganese ores (27 mg kg-1) and iron sulfate-hydroxides (142 mg kg-1). The aquatic kerogen was formed in a marine environment and later heavily carbonized during the hydrothermal processes. The Lodares outcrops exhibit interesting details on the geochemical cycle of Tl in a genetic frame of epithermal formation of pyrite and kerogen.

Sorption of Se (IV) from aqueous solutions with subsequent determination by X-ray fluorescence analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
D. G. Filatova ◽  
A. A. Arkhipenko ◽  
M. A. Statkus ◽  
V. V. Es’kina ◽  
V. B. Baranovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
Phase Contact Time ◽  
Sorbent Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fundamental Parameters ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Subsequent Determination

An approach to sorptive separation of Se (IV) from solutions on a novel S,N-containing sorbent with subsequent determination of the analyte in the sorbent phase by micro-x-ray fluorescence method is presented. The sorbent copolymethylenesulfide-N-alkyl-methylenamine (CMA) was synthesized using «snake in the cage» procedure and proven to be stable in acid solutions. Conditions for quantitative extraction of Se (IV) were determined: sorption in 5 M HCl or 0.05 M HNO3 solutions when heated to 60°C, phase contact time being 1 h. The residual selenium content in the solution was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) using 82Se isotope. The absence of selenium losses is proved and the mechanism of sorption interaction under specified conditions is proposed. The method of micro-x-ray fluorescence analysis (micro-RFA) with mapping revealed a uniform distribution of selenium on the sorbent surface. The possibility of determining selenium in the sorbent phase by micro-RFA is shown. When comparing the obtained results with the results of calculations by the method of fundamental parameters, it is shown the necessity of using standard samples of sorbates to obtain correct results of RFA determination of selenium in the sorbent phase.

scholarly journals Distribution and Mode of Occurrence of Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Ag, Cd, Sb, Pb in the Feed Coal, Fly Ash, Slag, in the Topsoil and in the Roots of Trees and Undergrowth Downwind of Three Power Stations in Poland

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Henryk R. Parzentny ◽  
Leokadia Róg
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Mode Of Occurrence ◽  
Feed Coal

It is supposed that the determination of the content and the mode of occurrence of ecotoxic elements (EE) in feed coal play the most significant role in forecasting distribution of EE in the soil and plants in the vicinity of power stations. Hence, the aim of the work was to analyze the properties of the feed coal, the combustion residues, and the topsoil which are reached by EE together with dust from power stations. The mineral and organic phases, which are the main hosts of EE, were identified by microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive X-ray methods. The highest content of elements was observed in the Oi and Oe subhorizons of the topsoil. Their hosts are various types of microspheres and char, emitted by power stations. In the areas of long-term industrial activity, there are also sharp-edged grains of magnetite emitted in the past by zinc, lead, and ironworks. The enrichment of the topsoil with these elements resulted in the increase in the content of EE, by between 0.2 times for Co; and 41.0 times for Cd in the roots of Scots pine, common oak and undergrowth, especially in the rhizodermis and the primary cortex and, more seldom, in the axle roller and cortex cells.

scholarly journals Arsenoplatin-Ferritin Nanocage: Structure and Cytotoxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1874
Author(s):  
Giarita Ferraro ◽  
Alessandro Pratesi ◽  
Damiano Cirri ◽  
Paola Imbimbo ◽  
Daria Maria Monti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Plasma Atomic Emission ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled

Arsenoplatin-1 (AP-1), the prototype of a novel class of metallodrugs containing a PtAs(OH)2 core, was encapsulated within the apoferritin (AFt) nanocage. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy measurements confirmed metallodrug encapsulation and allowed us to determine the average amount of AP-1 trapped inside the cage. The X-ray structure of AP-1-encapsulated AFt was solved at 1.50 Å. Diffraction data revealed that an AP-1 fragment coordinates the side chain of a His residue. The biological activity of AP-1-loaded AFt was comparatively tested on a few representative cancer and non-cancer cell lines. Even though the presence of the cage reduces the overall cytotoxicity of AP-1, it improves its selectivity towards cancer cells.

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