scholarly journals The Increase of Triterpene Saponin Production Induced by Trans-Anethole in Hairy Root Cultures of Panax quinquefolium

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Kochan ◽  
Piotr Szymczyk ◽  
Łukasz Kuźma ◽  
Grażyna Szymańska ◽  
Anna Wajs-Bonikowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Root ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Ginsenoside Rc ◽  
Pharmaceutical Production

In vitro cultivation is an effective way to increase pharmaceutical production. To increase ginsenoside production in hairy root cultures of American ginseng, the present study uses trans-anethole as an elicitor. The content of nine triterpene saponins was determined: Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Rg1, Rg2, Re and Rf. Trans-anethole was found to stimulate saponin synthesis regardless of exposure time (24 and 72 h). Twenty-four hour exposure to 1 μmol trans-anethole in the culture medium resulted in the highest increase of total saponin content (twice that of untreated roots), and optimum accumulation of Rb-group saponins, with ginsenoside Rc dominating (8.45 mg g−1 d.w.). In contrast, the highest mean content of protopanaxatriol derivatives was obtained for 10 μmol trans-anethole. The Re metabolite predominated, reaching a concentration of 5.72 mg g−1 d.w.: a 3.9-fold increase over untreated roots. Elicitation with use of trans-anethole can therefore be an effective method of increasing ginsenoside production in shake flasks.

scholarly journals Abscisic Acid Regulates the 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA Reductase Gene Promoter and Ginsenoside Production in Panax quinquefolium Hairy Root Cultures

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Kochan ◽  
Ewa Balcerczak ◽  
Piotr Szymczyk ◽  
Monika Sienkiewicz ◽  
Hanna Zielińska-Bliźniewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Proximal Promoter ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Coa Reductase

Panax quinquefolium hairy root cultures synthesize triterpenoid saponins named ginsenosides, that have multidirectional pharmacological activity. The first rate-limiting enzyme in the process of their biosynthesis is 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR). In this study, a 741 bp fragment of the P. quinquefolium HMGR gene (PqHMGR), consisting of a proximal promoter, 5′UTR (5′ untranslated region) and 5′CDS (coding DNA sequence) was isolated. In silico analysis of an isolated fragment indicated a lack of tandem repeats, miRNA binding sites, and CpG/CpNpG elements. However, the proximal promoter contained potential cis-elements involved in the response to light, salicylic, and abscisic acid (ABA) that was represented by the motif ABRE (TACGTG). The functional significance of ABA on P. quinquefolium HMGR gene expression was evaluated, carrying out quantitative RT-PCR experiments at different ABA concentrations (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg·L−1). Additionally, the effect of abscisic acid and its time exposure on biomass and ginsenoside level in Panax quinquefolium hairy root was examined. The saponin content was determined using HPLC. The 28 day elicitation period with 1 mg·L−1 ABA was the most efficient for Rg2 and Re (17.38 and 1.83 times increase, respectively) accumulation; however, the protopanaxadiol derivative content decreased in these conditions.

Clone selection of in vitro horseradish hairy root cultures

Planta Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Bertóti ◽  
Á Alberti ◽  
A Böszörményi ◽  
R Könye ◽  
T Horváth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Clone Selection ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals The activity of different extracts from Panax quinquefolium L. cultures against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus with respect to ginsenoside content

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1277-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Sienkiewicz ◽  
Anna Głowacka ◽  
Edward Kowalczyk ◽  
Ewa Kochan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Ginsenoside Content

Ginsenosides can be isolated from various cultures of Panax quinquefolium L., American ginseng. The aim of the study was to determine the antibacterial activity of extracts from leaves, stalks, hairy root cultures and field roots of P. quinquefolium L. containing ginsenosides against Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from various clinical materials. The agar well diffusion assay was used to evaluate microbial growth inhibition at various concentrations of extracts. The susceptibility of the clinical isolates to recommended antibiotics was determined with the disk-diffusion method. The results showed that the tested extracts inhibited the growth of all S. aureus clinical isolates, including MRSA (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) with MIC values ranging from 0.5 mg/mL to 1.7 mg/mL. The level of antimicrobial activity of extracts depends on the ginsenoside content. Both field roots and hairy root cultures represent excellent sources of these metabolites. Extracts with ginsenosides were found to inhibit multidrug-resistant staphylococci and can be a valuable complement to antistaphylococcal therapy.

Hepatoprotective Triterpenes from Hairy Root Cultures of Ocimum basilicum L.

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amani M. Marzouk
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status

Six triterpene acids identified as betulinic, oleanolic, ursolic, 3-epimaslinic, alphitolic and euscaphic acids have been isolated from a dichloromethane extract of hairy root cultures of Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiaceae). These cultures were obtained by genetic transformation using Agrobacterium rhizogenes. The extract as well as the isolated compounds were evaluated for their hepatoprotective activity by measuring their effect on the oxidative stress status of liver, induced by carbon tetrachloride, in albino rats and in liver homogenate in vitro. All tested compounds displayed hepatoprotective activity comparable to oleanolic and ursolic acids.

scholarly journals Panax quinquefolium L. Ginsenosides from Hairy Root Cultures and Their Clones Exert Cytotoxic, Genotoxic and Pro-Apoptotic Activity towards Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cell Line Caco-2

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Kochan ◽  
Adriana Nowak ◽  
Małgorzata Zakłos-Szyda ◽  
Daria Szczuka ◽  
Grażyna Szymańska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cell Line ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cell

American ginseng, Panax quinquefolium (L.), is traditionally used in folk medicine. It exhibits a range of anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-carcinogenic effects. Its main components are ginsenosides, also known as panaxosides or triterpene saponins. In order to obtain high yields of ginsenosides, different methods of controlled production are involved, i.e., with hairy root cultures. However, they are still employed under in vitro conditions. Our studies revealed that hairy root cultures subjected to an elicitation process can be considered as a potent source of ginsenosides. The present study examines the biological activity of ginseng hairy root cultures against the Caco-2 human adenocarcinoma cell line. Among our six different clones of P. quinquefolium hairy roots, extracts B and Be (treated with elicitor) were the strongest inhibitors of the cellular metabolic activity. While all extracts induced DNA damage, B and Be also generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a concentration-dependent manner, which was correlated with the depletion of the mitochondrial membrane potential and induction of apoptosis. These findings indicate that further research concerning P. quinquefolium hairy root cultures should focus on the activity of rare ginsenosides and other biologically active compound profiles (i.e., phenolic compounds).

Epiallo-yohimbine derivatives isolated from in vitro hairy-root cultures of Catharanthus trichophyllus

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1383-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Davioud ◽  
Christiane Kan ◽  
Jean-Charles Quirion ◽  
Bhupesh C. Das ◽  
Henri-Philippe Husson
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures
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