scholarly journals Novel Functionalized Cellulose Microspheres for Efficient Separation of Lithium Ion and Its Isotopes: Synthesis and Adsorption Performance

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 2762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichen Chen ◽  
Chenxi Xu ◽  
Jing Peng ◽  
Dong Han ◽  
Siqi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Separation Factor ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Epoxy Group ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Lithium Isotopes ◽  
Grafted Polymer ◽  
Adsorption Affinity ◽  
Adsorption Temperature ◽  
Solvent Metal

The adsorption of lithium ions(Li+) and the separation of lithium isotopes have attracted interests due to their important role in energy storage and nuclear energy, respectively. However, it is still challenging to separate the Li+ and its isotopes with high efficiency and selectivity. A novel cellulose-based microsphere containing crown ethers groups (named as MCM-g-AB15C5) was successfully synthesized by pre-irradiation-induced emulsion grafting of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and followed by the chemical reaction between the epoxy group of grafted polymer and 4′-aminobenzo-15-crown-5 (AB15C5). By using MCM-g-AB15C5 as adsorbent, the effects of solvent, metal ions, and adsorption temperature on the adsorption uptake of Li+ and separation factor of 6Li/7Li were investigated in detail. Solvent with low polarity, high adsorption temperature in acetonitrile could improve the uptake of Li+ and separation factor of lithium isotopes. The MCM-g-AB15C5 exhibited the strongest adsorption affinity to Li+ with a separation factor of 1.022 ± 0.002 for 6Li/7Li in acetonitrile. The adsorption isotherms in acetonitrile is fitted well with the Langmuir model with an ultrahigh adsorption capacity up to 12.9 mg·g−1, indicating the unexpected complexation ratio of 1:2 between MCM-g-AB15C5 and Li+. The thermodynamics study confirmed the adsorption process is the endothermic, spontaneous, and chemisorption adsorption. As-prepared novel cellulose-based adsorbents are promising materials for the efficient and selective separation of Li+ and its isotopes.

scholarly journals Electromigration Separation of Lithium Isotopes: The Effect of Electrode Solutions

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciming Wang ◽  
Pengrui Zhang ◽  
Chaochi Huang ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Huiqun Ju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Isotope Separation ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Lithium Isotope ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Lithium Isotopes ◽  
Electrode Solutions ◽  
Organic Solutions

Abstract Both lithium-6 and lithium-7 with high abundance are indispensable materials in nuclear industry. Here, an aqueous solution│organic solution│aqueous solution system was fabricated to separate lithium isotopes. The effects of species and concentration of electrolytes in the electrode solutions on the lithium ions migration and lithium isotope separation with different voltages and migration time was studied. It was found that lithium-7 was enriched in aqueous solutions on both sides at 0 V and 2 V, while lithium-7 was enriched in anode solution and lithium-6 was enriched in cathode solution at 16 V. The weakening stability of the chelate consisted of crown ether and lithium ion with increasing voltage was believed to the possible reason. Meanwhile, the variation of electrolyte in electrode solution led to notable changes in migration ratio of lithium ions and lithium isotope separation effect, which can be attributed to the different degree of both ionization and hydrolysis for various electrolytes in aqueous solutions and the different ability of H+ and NH4+ to replace Li+ of chelate in organic solutions. This work is of great significance for the selection of electrode solutions in electromigration separation of lithium isotopes and even other electrochemical systems.

A lithium ion-imprinted adsorbent using magnetic carbon nanospheres as a support for the selective recovery of lithium ions

Carbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 651
Author(s):  
Qi Liang ◽  
Er-hui Zhang ◽  
Guang Yan ◽  
Yong-zhen Yang ◽  
Wei-feng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Carbon Nanospheres ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Selective Recovery ◽  
Ion Imprinted ◽  
Magnetic Carbon

scholarly journals Fabrication of microcapsule extinguishing agent with core-shell structure for lithium-ions battery fire safety

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weixin Zhang ◽  
Lin Wu ◽  
Dujin Qiao ◽  
Jie Tian ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Shell Material ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
New Type ◽  
Core Shell Structure

Safety issues limit the large-scale application of lithium-ion batteries. In this work, a new type of N-H-microcapsule fire extinguishing agent is prepared by using melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin as shell material, perfluoro(2-methyl-3-pentanone)...

scholarly journals Aging Mechanisms of Electrode Materials in Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Lin ◽  
Aihua Tang ◽  
Hao Mu ◽  
Wenwei Wang ◽  
Chun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Electrochemical Behaviour ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Carbon Anode ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Aging Mechanisms

Electrode material aging leads to a decrease in capacity and/or a rise in resistance of the whole cell and thus can dramatically affect the performance of lithium-ion batteries. Furthermore, the aging phenomena are extremely complicated to describe due to the coupling of various factors. In this review, we give an interpretation of capacity/power fading of electrode-oriented aging mechanisms under cycling and various storage conditions for metallic oxide-based cathodes and carbon-based anodes. For the cathode of lithium-ion batteries, the mechanical stress and strain resulting from the lithium ions insertion and extraction predominantly lead to structural disordering. Another important aging mechanism is the metal dissolution from the cathode and the subsequent deposition on the anode. For the anode, the main aging mechanisms are the loss of recyclable lithium ions caused by the formation and increasing growth of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and the mechanical fatigue caused by the diffusion-induced stress on the carbon anode particles. Additionally, electrode aging largely depends on the electrochemical behaviour under cycling and storage conditions and results from both structural/morphological changes and side reactions aggravated by decomposition products and protic impurities in the electrolyte.

scholarly journals Spontaneous aggregation of lithium ion coordination polymers in fluorinated electrolytes for high-voltage batteries

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 10846-10849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos D. Malliakas ◽  
Kevin Leung ◽  
Krzysztof Z. Pupek ◽  
Ilya A. Shkrob ◽  
Daniel P. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Coordination Polymers ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Spontaneous Formation ◽  
Spontaneous Aggregation

We report delayed spontaneous formation of solvate coordination polymers of lithium ions and their aggregation and phase separation in fluorinated electrolytes.

Ion Transport in Alumina-Pillared Zirconium Phosphate

1992 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Criado ◽  
J.R. Ramos-Barrado ◽  
P. Maireles-Torres ◽  
P. Oliverapastor ◽  
A. Jimenez-Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Transport ◽  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Temperature Interval ◽  
Zirconium Phosphate ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Electrical Behaviour ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Zirconium Phosphates

ABSTRACTA.c. conductivity of a novel large-pore alumina-pillared zirconium phosphate and some lithium ion exchanged samples have been measured by an impedance method. These materials have a conductivity in the range 10-5 to 10-9 Ω-1cm-1 higher than those of alumina-pillared tin phosphate and its lithium derivatives. The electrical behaviour of the pillared zirconium phosphates fits to an equivalent circuit composed by two subcircuits in parallel with a condenser. In a temperature interval (200-500°C), lithium ions are charge carriers and the conductivity increases when heating with activation energies between 0.99 and 1.22 eV.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies of sintering effects on the lithium ion dynamics in Li1.5Al0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edda Winter ◽  
Philipp Seipel ◽  
Tatiana Zinkevich ◽  
Sylvio Indris ◽  
Bambar Davaasuren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Magic Angle Spinning ◽  
Spin Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Magic Angle ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Jump Dynamics ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Abstract Various nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods are combined to study the structure and dynamics of Li1.5Al0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 (LATP) samples, which were obtained from sintering at various temperatures between 650 and 900 °C. 6Li, 27Al, and 31P magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectra show that LATP crystallites are better defined for higher calcination temperatures. Analysis of 7Li spin-lattice relaxation and line-shape changes indicates the existence of two species of lithium ions with clearly distinguishable jump dynamics, which can be attributed to crystalline and amorphous sample regions, respectively. An increase of the sintering temperature leads to higher fractions of the fast lithium species with respect to the slow one, but hardly affects the jump dynamics in either of the phases. Specifically, the fast and slow lithium ions show jumps in the nanoseconds regime near 300 and 700 K, respectively. The activation energy of the hopping motion in the LATP crystallites amounts to ca. 0.26 eV. 7Li field-gradient diffusometry reveals that the long-range ion migration is limited by the sample regions featuring slow transport. The high spatial resolution available from the high static field gradients of our setup allows the observation of the lithium ion diffusion inside the small (<100 nm) LATP crystallites, yielding a high self-diffusion coefficient of D = 2 × 10−12 m2/s at room temperature.

scholarly journals Unexpected Role of Electronic Coupling between Host Redox Centers in Transport Kinetics of Lithium Ions in Olivine Phosphate Materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Gao ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Yuwen Liu ◽  
Shengli Chen
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Transport Kinetics ◽  
Electronic Coupling ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Olivine Phosphate ◽  
Redox Centers

The discrepancy between the trend in the diffusion coefficient of lithium ion (DLi+) and that in the activation energy of ion hopping signals hidden factors determining ion transport kinetics in...

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