Magnetic Hyperthermia for Cancer Treatment: Main Parameters Affecting the Outcome of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) is being investigated as a cancer treatment since the 1950s. Recent advancements in the field of nanotechnology have resulted in a notable increase in the number of MHT studies. Most of these studies explore MHT as a stand-alone treatment or as an adjuvant therapy in a preclinical context. However, despite all the scientific effort, only a minority of the MHT-devoted nanomaterials and approaches made it to clinical context. The outcome of an MHT experiment is largely influenced by a number of variables that should be considered when setting up new MHT studies. This review highlights and discusses the main parameters affecting the outcome of preclinical MHT, aiming to provide adequate assistance in the design of new, more efficient MHT studies.

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New gold-198 nanoparticle synthesis to be used in cancer treatment

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences ◽

10.15392/bjrs.v9i1a.1260 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1A) ◽

Author(s):

Carla Daruich de Souza ◽

Carlos Alberto Zeituni ◽

Wilmmer Alexander Arcos Rosero ◽

Beatriz Ribeiro Nogueira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Nuclear Reactor ◽

Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽

Average Energy ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Chloroauric Acid ◽

Repeated Heating

Gold nanoparticles (NPs) have been intriguing scientists for over 100 years. Recently, they have been studied for new applications such as cancer treatment. Although the synthesis of gold nanoparticles is extensively reported, in the majority of cases the methodology is confused and/or not clear. We describe a new synthesis methodology for radioactive gold‐198 NPs. Gold-198 was activated in IPEN IEA-01 nuclear reactor. After that, chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) was formed by dissolving the radioactive gold with aqua regia and performing repeated heating cycles. 0.1 mM HAuCl4 containing 100 μL of 1 M NaOH was prepared in a flask equipped with a reflux condenser. The solution was brought to boil and stirred with a PTFE‐coated magnetic stir‐bar. Then 5 mL of sodium citrate was rapidly added. The reaction turns from light yellow to clear, black, dark purple until the solution attained a wine‐red color (2–3 min). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) confirmed 8 nm particles. The presence of gold‐198 (197.968 g/mol; half‐life: 2.69517; decay mode: β‐; average energy: 1.3723 MeV) was confirmed by an ORTEC HPGe detector. DLS was performed after complete decay confirming the 8 nm diameter maintenance. We were able to achieve radioactive gold‐198 NPs and are performing further studies such as: coating reactions, in‐vitro and in‐vivo studies.

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S96 Simvastatin as an adjuvant therapy for infection and sepsis–in-vitro and in-vivo studies suggest pre-emptive / early therapy in the elderly

Thorax ◽

10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204457.103 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 68 (Suppl 3) ◽

pp. A51.2-A52 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JM Patel ◽

H Greenwood ◽

G Walton ◽

F Gao ◽

JM Lord ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adjuvant Therapy ◽

The Elderly ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Early Therapy

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Amino Acid Degrading Enzymes and their Application in Cancer Therapy

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867324666171006132729 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 446-464 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Vadim S. Pokrovsky ◽

Olga E. Chepikova ◽

Denis Zh. Davydov ◽

Andrey A. Zamyatnin Jr ◽

Alexander N. Lukashev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Cancer Therapy ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Arginine Deiminase ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Degrading Enzymes ◽

Essential Components

Background:Amino acids are essential components in various biochemical pathways. The deprivation of certain amino acids is an antimetabolite strategy for the treatment of amino acid-dependent cancers which exploits the compromised metabolism of malignant cells. Several studies have focused on the development and preclinical and clinical evaluation of amino acid degrading enzymes, namely L-asparaginase, L-methionine γ-lyase, L-arginine deiminase, L-lysine α-oxidase. Further research into cancer cell metabolism may therefore define possible targets for controlling tumor growth.Objective:The purpose of this review was to summarize recent progress in the relationship between amino acids metabolism and cancer therapy, with a particular focus on Lasparagine, L-methionine, L-arginine and L-lysine degrading enzymes and their formulations, which have been successfully used in the treatment of several types of cancer.Methods:We carried out a structured search among literature regarding to amino acid degrading enzymes. The main aspects of search were in vitro and in vivo studies, clinical trials concerning application of these enzymes in oncology.Results:Most published research are on the subject of L-asparaginase properties and it’s use for cancer treatment. L-arginine deiminase has shown promising results in a phase II trial in advanced melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Other enzymes, in particular Lmethionine γ-lyase and L-lysine α-oxidase, were effective in vitro and in vivo.Conclusion:The findings of this review revealed that therapy based on amino acid depletion may have the potential application for cancer treatment but further clinical investigations are required to provide the efficacy and safety of these agents.

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Trastuzumab Conjugated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Labeled with 225Ac as a Perspective Tool for Combined α-Radioimmunotherapy and Magnetic Hyperthermia of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25051025 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 1025 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Edyta Cędrowska ◽

Marek Pruszyński ◽

Weronika Gawęda ◽

Michał Żuk ◽

Paweł Krysiński ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Magnetic Hyperthermia ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽

Her2 Receptor ◽

Her2 Positive ◽

High Accumulation

It has been proven and confirmed in numerous repeated tests, that the use of a combination of several therapeutic methods gives much better treatment results than in the case of separate therapies. Particularly promising is the combination of ionizing radiation and magnetic hyperthermia in one drug. To achieve this objective, magnetite nanoparticles have been modified in their core with α emitter 225Ac, in an amount affecting only slightly their magnetic properties. By 3-phosphonopropionic acid (CEPA) linker nanoparticles were conjugated covalently with trastuzumab (Herceptin®), a monoclonal antibody that recognizes ovarian and breast cancer cells overexpressing the HER2 receptors. The synthesized bioconjugates were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measurement, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and application of 131I-labeled trastuzumab for quantification of the bound biomolecule. The obtained results show that one 225Ac@Fe3O4-CEPA-trastuzumab bioconjugate contains an average of 8–11 molecules of trastuzumab. The labeled nanoparticles almost quantitatively retain 225Ac (>98%) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and physiological salt, and more than 90% of 221Fr and 213Bi over 10 days. In human serum after 10 days, the fraction of 225Ac released from 225Ac@Fe3O4 was still less than 2%, but the retention of 221Fr and 213Bi decreased to 70%. The synthesized 225Ac@Fe3O4-CEPA-trastuzumab bioconjugates have shown a high cytotoxic effect toward SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells expressing HER2 receptor in-vitro. The in-vivo studies indicate that this bioconjugate exhibits properties suitable for the treatment of cancer cells by intratumoral or post-resection injection. The intravenous injection of the 225Ac@Fe3O4-CEPA-trastuzumab radiobioconjugate is excluded due to its high accumulation in the liver, lungs and spleen. Additionally, the high value of a specific absorption rate (SAR) allows its use in a new very perspective combination of α radionuclide therapy with magnetic hyperthermia.

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Tetraphenylethene-based highly emissive metallacage as a component of theranostic supramolecular nanoparticles

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1616836113 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 113 (48) ◽

pp. 13720-13725 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

Guocan Yu ◽

Timothy R. Cook ◽

Yang Li ◽

Xuzhou Yan ◽

Dan Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Treatment ◽

Self Assembly ◽

Biologically Active ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Active Components ◽

Theranostic Agent ◽

Supramolecular Coordination ◽

Targeting Ability

A theranostic agent combines diagnostic reporter with therapeutic activity in a single entity, an approach that seeks to increase the efficacy of cancer treatment. Herein, we describe the synthesis of a highly emissive tetraphenylethene-based metallacage using multicomponent coordination-driven self-assembly that exhibits a coordination-triggered aggregation-induced emission (AIE) enhancement. The formation of metallacage-loaded nanoparticles (MNPs) occurs when the assembly is treated with two variants of a 1,2-distearoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugate, mPEG-DSPE, and biotin-PEG-DSPE. This combination endows the resultant MNPs with excellent stability and targeting ability, specifically enabling selective delivery of the metallacages to cancer cells that overexpress biotin receptors via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Although the mechanism of activity is based on existing Pt(II) anticancer drugs such as oxaliplatin, carboplatin, and cisplatin, in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that the MNPs are more active and show low systemic activity while also possessing emissive properties that allow for fluorescence-based imaging. This pioneering example of a metallacage that combines biologically active components with AIE imaging establishes supramolecular coordination complexes imbedded within nanoparticles as a promising potential theranostic platform for cancer treatment.

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Breast cancer suppression by curcumin-naringenin-magnetic-nano-particles: In vitro and in vivo studies

Tumor Biology ◽

10.3233/tub-211506 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 225-247

Author(s):

Mostafa A. Askar ◽

Omama E. El Shawi ◽

Omayma A.R. Abou zaid ◽

Nahla A. Mansour ◽

Amal M. Hanafy

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Nano Particles ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Ros Generation ◽

Cancer Proliferation ◽

Characterization Methods ◽

Cancer Suppression

BACKGROUND: The limitations of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy in cancer treatment and the increase in the application of nanomaterials in the field of biomedicine have promoted the use of nanomaterials in combination with radiotherapy for cancer treatment. OBJECTIVE: To improve the efficiency of cancer treatment, curcumin-naringenin loaded dextran-coated magnetic nanoparticles (CUR-NAR-D-MNPs) were used as chemotherapy and in combination with radiotherapy to verify their effectiveness in treating tumors. METHODS: CUR-NAR-D-MNPs were prepared and studied by several characterization methods. Median inhibitory concentration (IC50) and cellular toxicity were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The cell death and radiosensitization were studied by acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual staining of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. RESULTS: CUR-NAR-D-MNPs induce apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. CUR-NAR-D-MNPs used alone had a certain therapeutic effect on tumors. CUR-NAR-D-MNPs plus radiotherapy significantly reduced the tumor volume and led to cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis through modulation of P53high, P21high, TNF-αlow, CD44low, and ROShigh signaling CONCLUSIONS: CUR-NAR-D-MNPs are effective in the treatment of tumors when combined with radiotherapy, and show radiosensitization effects against cancer proliferation in vitro and in vivo.

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Therapeutic Potential of Plant Phenolic Acids in the Treatment of Cancer

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom10020221 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 221 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Mariam Abotaleb ◽

Alena Liskova ◽

Peter Kubatka ◽

Dietrich Büsselberg

Keyword(s):

Cancer Treatment ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Plant Phenolics ◽

Natural Substances ◽

Major Interest ◽

Anti Cancer

Globally, cancer is the second leading cause of death. Different conventional approaches to treat cancer include chemotherapy or radiotherapy. However, these are usually associated with various deleterious effects and numerous disadvantages in clinical practice. In addition, there are increasing concerns about drug resistance. In the continuous search for safer and more effective treatments, plant-derived natural compounds are of major interest. Plant phenolics are secondary metabolites that have gained importance as potential anti-cancer compounds. Phenolics display a great prospective as cytotoxic anti-cancer agents promoting apoptosis, reducing proliferation, and targeting various aspects of cancer (angiogenesis, growth and differentiation, and metastasis). Phenolic acids are a subclass of plant phenolics, furtherly divided into benzoic and cinnamic acids, that are associated with potent anticancer abilities in various in vitro and in vivo studies. Moreover, the therapeutic activities of phenolic acids are reinforced by their role as epigenetic regulators as well as supporters of adverse events or resistance associated with conventional anticancer therapy. Encapsulation of phyto-substances into nanocarrier systems is a challenging aspect concerning the efficiency of natural substances used in cancer treatment. A summary of phenolic acids and their effectiveness as well as phenolic-associated advances in cancer treatment will be discussed in this review.

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