scholarly journals Photo-Responsive Polymersomes as Drug Delivery System for Potential Medical Applications

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 5147
Author(s):  
Wanting Hou ◽  
Ruiqi Liu ◽  
Siwei Bi ◽  
Qian He ◽  
Haibo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Raft Polymerization ◽  
Amphiphilic Block Copolymers ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Reversible Addition ◽  
Raft Agent

Due to a strong retardation effect of o-nitrobenzyl ester on polymerization, it is still a great challenge to prepare amphiphilic block copolymers for polymersomes with a o-nitrobenzyl ester-based hydrophobic block. Herein, we present one such solution to prepare amphiphilic block copolymers with pure poly (o-nitrobenzyl acrylate) (PNBA) as the hydrophobic block and poly (N,N’-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA) as the hydrophilic block using bulk reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of o-nitrobenzyl acrylate using a PDMA macro-RAFT agent. The developed amphiphilic block copolymers have a suitable hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratio and can self-assemble into photoresponsive polymersomes for co-loading hydrophobic and hydrophilic cargos into hydrophobic membranes and aqueous compartments of the polymersomes. The polymersomes demonstrate a clear photo-responsive characteristic. Exposure to light irradiation at 365 nm can trigger a photocleavage reaction of o-nitrobenzyl groups, which results in dissociation of the polymersomes with simultaneous co-release of hydrophilic and hydrophobic cargoes on demand. Therefore, these polymersomes have great potential as a smart drug delivery nanocarrier for controllable loading and releasing of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug molecules. Moreover, taking advantage of the conditional releasing of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, the drug delivery system has potential use in medical applications such as cancer therapy.

Development of Core-Crosslinked Micelles for Drug Delivery System

2012 ◽  
Vol 486 ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Ming Tao Liang ◽  
Yoseop Kim ◽  
Xin Tan ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Raft Polymerization ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Reversible Addition ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Crosslinked Micelles ◽  
Glycol Methyl Ether

A polymer drug delivery system was developed using crosslinked self-assembled micelles, which form stable coreshell particles. The block copolymer, composed of poly [poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylat-block-[poly (methyl methacrylate-p-nitrophenyl acrylate)] [P(PEGMEMA)-b-P(MMA-NPA)], was synthesized via reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The self-assembled micelles were stabilized by core crosslinking through the reaction of p-nitrophenyl acrylate with 1,8-octandiamine forming stable coreshell particles.

scholarly journals Promising Applications of Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Hearing Loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zilin Huang ◽  
Qiang Xie ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
Yuhao Zhou ◽  
Zuhong He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Traditional Treatment

Hearing loss is one of the most common disabilities affecting both children and adults worldwide. However, traditional treatment of hearing loss has some limitations, particularly in terms of drug delivery system as well as diagnosis of ear imaging. The blood–labyrinth barrier (BLB), the barrier between the vasculature and fluids of the inner ear, restricts entry of most blood-borne compounds into inner ear tissues. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been demonstrated to have high biocompatibility, good degradation, and simple synthesis in the process of diagnosis and treatment, which are promising for medical applications in hearing loss. Although previous studies have shown that NPs have promising applications in the field of inner ear diseases, there is still a gap between biological research and clinical application. In this paper, we aim to summarize developments and challenges of NPs in diagnostics and treatment of hearing loss in recent years. This review may be useful to raise otology researchers’ awareness of effect of NPs on hearing diagnosis and treatment.

Fluorinated amphiphilic block copolymers via RAFT polymerization and their application as surf-RAFT agent in miniemulsion polymerization

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (20) ◽  
pp. 15461-15468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishnu P. Koiry ◽  
Arindam Chakrabarty ◽  
Nikhil K. Singha
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Raft Polymerization ◽  
Miniemulsion Polymerization ◽  
Amphiphilic Block Copolymers ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Raft Agent ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Glycol Methyl Ether

Preparation of an amphiphilic block copolymer (Am-BCP) based on poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) and heptafluorobutyl acrylate (HFBA) via RAFT polymerization and application of this Am-BCP as surf-RAFT agent for polymerization of styrene.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Poly(lactic acid)-block-poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) Copolymers with Controllable Block Structures via Reversible Addition Fragmentation Polymerization from Aminolyzed Poly(lactic acid)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Wenwen Yu ◽  
Lijing Zhu ◽  
Jiangao Shi ◽  
Cunting Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Raft Polymerization ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Dimethylaminoethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Reversible Addition ◽  
Raft Agent ◽  
Different Temperatures

Poly(lactic acid)-block-poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PLA-PDMAEMA) copolymers were synthesized from aminolyzed PLA via reversible addition fragmentation (RAFT) polymerization. PLA undergoes aminolytic degradation with ethylenediamine (EDA). The kinetics of the aminolysis reaction of PLA at different temperatures and EDA concentrations was investigated in detail. The molar masses of products rapidly decreased in the initial stage at low aminolytic degree. Meanwhile, reactive –NH2 and –OH groups were introduced to the end of shorter PLA chains and used as sites to further immobilize the RAFT agent. PLA-PDMAEMA block copolymers were synthesized. A pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics was observed for the RAFT polymerization of PDMAEMA at a low conversion. By controlling the aminolysis reaction of PLA and RAFT polymerization degree of DMAEMA, the length distributions of the PLA and PDMAEMA blocks can be controlled. This method can be extended to more systems to obtain block copolymers with controllable block structure.

Analysis of Thiol-sensitive Core-cross-linked Polymeric Micelles Carrying Nucleoside Pendant Groups using 'On-line' Methods: Effect of Hydrophobicity on Cross-linking and Degradation

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca M. Blunden ◽  
Donald S. Thomas ◽  
Martina H. Stenzel
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Polymeric Micelles ◽  
Raft Polymerization ◽  
Amphiphilic Block Copolymers ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Copolymer Composition ◽  
Reversible Addition ◽  
On Line ◽  
Styrene Content ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Amphiphilic block copolymers were prepared via reversible–addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and their synthesis, cross-linking, and degradation were studied using on-line monitoring. The focus of this work is the systematic alteration of the hydrophobic block using copolymers based on 5′-O-methacryloyluridine (MAU) and styrene at different compositions to determine the effect of the copolymer composition on the properties of the micelle. A poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PEGMA) macroRAFT agent was chain extended with a mixture of styrene and MAU. In both systems, an increasing fraction of styrene was found to reduce the rate of polymerization, but the functionality of the RAFT system was always maintained. The amphiphilic block copolymers were dialyzed against water to generate micelles with sizes between 17 and 25 nm according to dynamic light scattering (DLS). Increasing styrene content lead to smaller micelles (determined by DLS and transmission electron microscopy) and to lower critical micelle concentrations, which was measured using surface tensiometry. The micelles were further stabilized via core-cross-linking using bis(2-methacroyloxyethyl) disulfide as crosslinker. NMR analysis revealed a faster consumption of crosslinker with higher styrene content. These stable cross-linked micelles were investigated regarding their ability to degrade in the presence of dithiothreitol as a model reductant. Increasing the styrene content resulted in a faster degradation of the cross-linked micelles into unimers.

RAFT Polymerization of Monomers with Highly Disparate Reactivities: Use of a Single RAFT Agent and the Synthesis of Poly(styrene-block-vinyl acetate)

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily A. Dayter ◽  
Kate A. Murphy ◽  
Devon A. Shipp
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Raft Polymerization ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Styrene Polymerization ◽  
Reversible Addition ◽  
Raft Agent ◽  
End Group

A single reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent, malonate N,N-diphenyldithiocarbamate (MDP-DTC) is shown to successfully mediate the polymerization of several monomers with greatly differing reactivities in radical/RAFT polymerizations, including both vinyl acetate and styrene. The chain transfer constants (Ctr) for MDP-DTC for both these monomers were evaluated; these were found to be ~2.7 in styrene and ~26 in vinyl acetate, indicating moderate control over styrene polymerization and good control of vinyl acetate polymerization. In particular, the MDP-DTC RAFT agent allowed for the synthesis of block copolymers of these two monomers without the need for protonation/deprotonation switching, as has been previously developed with N-(4-pyridinyl)-N-methyldithiocarbamate RAFT agents, or other end-group transformations. The thermal properties of the block copolymers were studied using differential scanning calorimetry, and those with sufficiently high molecular weight and styrene composition appear to undergo phase separation. Thus, MDP-DTC may be useful for the production of other block copolymers consisting of monomers with highly dissimilar reactivities.

A pH-sensitive nano drug delivery system of doxorubicin-conjugated amphiphilic polyrotaxane-based block copolymers

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Jiang ◽  
Ze-ming Gao ◽  
Lin Ye ◽  
Ai-ying Zhang ◽  
Zeng-guo Feng
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Nano Drug Delivery

scholarly journals Histamine-functionalized copolymer micelles as a drug delivery system in 2D and 3D models of breast cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 2472-2486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuning Zhang ◽  
Pontus Lundberg ◽  
Maren Diether ◽  
Christian Porsch ◽  
Caroline Janson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Click Chemistry ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Copolymer Micelles ◽  
2D And 3D

Histamine functionalized block copolymers were prepared with different ratios of histamine and octyl or benzyl groups using UV-initiated thiol-ene click chemistry.

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