scholarly journals PARP Theranostic Auger Emitters Are Cytotoxic in BRCA Mutant Ovarian Cancer and Viable Tumors from Ovarian Cancer Patients Enable Ex-Vivo Screening of Tumor Response

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (24) ◽  
pp. 6029
Author(s):  
Aladdin Riad ◽  
Sarah B. Gitto ◽  
Hwan Lee ◽  
Harrison D. Winters ◽  
Paul M. Martorano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Parp Inhibitor ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Parp 1

Theranostics are emerging as a pillar of cancer therapy that enable the use of single molecule constructs for diagnostic and therapeutic application. As poly adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1) is overexpressed in various cancer types, and is localized to the nucleus, PARP-1 can be safely targeted with Auger emitters to induce DNA damage in tumors. Here, we investigated a radioiodinated PARP inhibitor, [125I]KX1, and show drug target specific DNA damage and subsequent killing of BRCA1 and non-BRCA mutant ovarian cancer cells at sub-pharmacological concentrations several orders of magnitude lower than traditional PARP inhibitors. Furthermore, we demonstrated that viable tumor tissue from ovarian cancer patients can be used to screen tumor radiosensitivity ex-vivo, enabling the direct assessment of therapeutic efficacy. Finally, we showed tumors can be imaged by single-photon computed tomography (SPECT) with PARP theranostic, [123I]KX1, in a human ovarian cancer xenograft mouse model. These data support the utility of PARP-1 targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy as a theranostic option for PARP-1 overexpressing ovarian cancers.

scholarly journals Arsenic compound sensitizes homologous recombination proficient ovarian cancer to PARP inhibitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junfen Xu ◽  
Yuanming Shen ◽  
Conghui Wang ◽  
Sangsang Tang ◽  
Shiyuan Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Homologous Recombination ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Parp Inhibitors ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Arsenic Compound ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Sequential Administration

AbstractThe poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors show survival benefits in ovarian cancer patients with BRCA1/2 mutation or homologous recombination (HR) deficiency, but only limited efficacy in HR-proficient ones. Another drug, arsenic trioxide (ATO) or arsenic drug (RIF), exerts antitumor effects via inducing DNA damage. Here, we investigated the combined therapeutic effects of the PARP inhibitors and the arsenic compound in HR-proficient ovarian cancer. The combined treatment of niraparib, olaparib, or fluazolepali with ATO showed a significant suppression in tumor cell viability and colony formation. The drug treatment also induced synergistic inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA damage, and acceleration of cell apoptosis in two HR-proficient ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and CAOV3, either by simultaneous or sequential administration. The mechanism underlying these synergistic effects were reflected by the significantly increased ratio of cleaved-PARP/total PARP and decreased ratio of p-AKT/total AKT. Consistently, the combination of olaparib with RIF synergistically reduced the tumor growth in mouse xenograft models. In conclusion, the arsenic compound greatly sensitizes HR-proficient ovarian cancer cells to the PARP inhibitors, and our findings provide an evidence for the clinical treatment development of this combination in HR-proficient ovarian cancer patients.

Ex vivo-expanded NK cells from blood and ascites of ovarian cancer patients are cytotoxic against autologous primary ovarian cancer cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Nham ◽  
Sophie M. Poznanski ◽  
Isabella Y. Fan ◽  
Mira M. Shenouda ◽  
Marianne V. Chew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Primary Ovarian Cancer

scholarly journals Calreticulin—Multifunctional Chaperone in Immunogenic Cell Death: Potential Significance as a Prognostic Biomarker in Ovarian Cancer Patients

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Michal Kielbik ◽  
Izabela Szulc-Kielbik ◽  
Magdalena Klink
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cells ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Immunogenic Cell Death ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
Molecular Patterns

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a type of death, which has the hallmarks of necroptosis and apoptosis, and is best characterized in malignant diseases. Chemotherapeutics, radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy induce intracellular stress response pathways in tumor cells, leading to a secretion of various factors belonging to a family of damage-associated molecular patterns molecules, capable of inducing the adaptive immune response. One of them is calreticulin (CRT), an endoplasmic reticulum-associated chaperone. Its presence on the surface of dying tumor cells serves as an “eat me” signal for antigen presenting cells (APC). Engulfment of tumor cells by APCs results in the presentation of tumor’s antigens to cytotoxic T-cells and production of cytokines/chemokines, which activate immune cells responsible for tumor cells killing. Thus, the development of ICD and the expression of CRT can help standard therapy to eradicate tumor cells. Here, we review the physiological functions of CRT and its involvement in the ICD appearance in malignant disease. Moreover, we also focus on the ability of various anti-cancer drugs to induce expression of surface CRT on ovarian cancer cells. The second aim of this work is to discuss and summarize the prognostic/predictive value of CRT in ovarian cancer patients.

scholarly journals PML silencing inhibits cell proliferation and induces DNA damage in cultured ovarian cancer cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Bing Liu ◽  
Zhong-Fei Shen ◽  
Yan-Jun Guo ◽  
Li-Xian Cao ◽  
Ying Xu
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells

scholarly journals CD133 Promotes Adhesion to the Ovarian Cancer Metastatic Niche

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117906441876788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Roy ◽  
Alexander Bobbs ◽  
Rachel Sattler ◽  
Jeffrey L Kurkewich ◽  
Paige B Dausinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Metastatic Niche ◽  
Attractive Therapeutic Target ◽  
Peritoneal Mesothelium

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are an attractive therapeutic target due to their predicted role in both metastasis and chemoresistance. One of the most commonly agreed on markers for ovarian CSCs is the cell surface protein CD133. CD133+ ovarian CSCs have increased tumorigenicity, resistance to chemotherapy, and increased metastasis. Therefore, we were interested in defining how CD133 is regulated and whether it has a role in tumor metastasis. Previously we found that overexpression of the transcription factor, ARID3B, increased the expression of PROM1 (CD133 gene) in ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in xenograft tumors. We report that ARID3B directly regulates PROM1 expression. Importantly, in a xenograft mouse model of ovarian cancer, knockdown of PROM1 in cells expressing exogenous ARID3B resulted in increased survival time compared with cells expressing ARID3B and a control short hairpin RNA. This indicated that ARID3B regulation of PROM1 is critical for tumor growth. Moreover, we hypothesized that CD133 may affect metastatic spread. Given that the peritoneal mesothelium is a major site of ovarian cancer metastasis, we explored the role of PROM1 in mesothelial attachment. PROM1 expression increased adhesion to mesothelium in vitro and ex vivo. Collectively, our work demonstrates that ARID3B regulates PROM1 adhesion to the ovarian cancer metastatic niche.

scholarly journals DNA Damage-Binding Complex Recruits HDAC1 to Repress Bcl-2 Transcription in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Zhao ◽  
Chunhua Han ◽  
Eric Eisenhauer ◽  
John Kroger ◽  
Weiqiang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Ovarian Cancer
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document