Adsorption Properties of Hydrocarbon and Fluorocarbon Surfactants Ternary Mixture at the Water-Air Interface

Measurements were made of the surface tension of the aqueous solutions of p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenoxypoly(ethylene glycols) having 10 oxyethylene groups in the molecule (Triton X-100, TX100) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) with Zonyl FSN-100 (FC6EO14, FC1) as well as with Zonyl FSO-100 (FC5EO10, FC2) ternary mixtures. The obtained results were compared to those provided by the Fainerman and Miller equation and to the values of the solution surface tension calculated, based on the contribution of a particular surfactant in the mixture to the reduction of water surface tension. The changes of the aqueous solution ternary surfactants mixture surface tension at the constant concentration of TX100 and CTAB mixture at which the water surface tension was reduced to 60 and 50 mN/m as a function of fluorocarbon surfactant concentration, were considered with regard to the composition of the mixed monolayer at the water-air interface. Next, this composition was applied for the calculation of the concentration of the particular surfactants in the monolayer using the Frumkin equation. On the other hand, the Gibbs surface excess concentration was determined only for the fluorocarbon surfactants. The tendency of the particular surfactants to adsorb at the water-air interface was discussed, based on the Gibbs standard free energy of adsorption which was determined using different methods. This energy was also deduced, based on the surfactant tail surface tension and tail-water interface tension.

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Adsorption of Polycomplexes at Solution/Air Interface

Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal ◽

10.18321/ectj542 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 259

Author(s):

E.M. Shaikhutdinov ◽

K.Zh. Abdiyev ◽

M.B. Zhursumbayeva ◽

S.Kh. Khussain

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Relaxation Time ◽

Complex Formation ◽

Surface Activity ◽

Kinetic Data ◽

Hydrophobic Interactions ◽

Standard Free Energy ◽

Free Energy Of Adsorption ◽

Air Interface ◽

Potentiometric Measurements

The effect of complex formation of polyacids (polyacrylic (PAAc) and polymethacrylic (PMAAc)) with polyacrylamide (PAA) on their surface properties at solution/air interface has been studied by surface tension, electric conductivity and potentiometric measurements at 293±0.2 K. The relaxation time and surface activity of polycomplexes were calculated from kinetic data on the surface tension. It was found that during complex formation the relaxation time of a surface layer has a maximum and the surface activity of macromolecules is increased. Also the standard free energy of adsorption for PAA and polyacid-PAA polycomplexes were calculated. They are equal DadsG°293 = - 19.1±0.1 kJ/base-mol. for PAA, DadsG°293 = -21.2±0.1 kJ/basemol. for PMAAc-PAA polycomplex and DadsG°293 = -23.0±0.1 kJ/base-mol. for PAAc-PAA polycomplex (calculation per base-mole of PAA monomer link). It is shown that the surface activity and ability to decrease of the water surface tension is less for PMAAc-PAA than for PAAc-PAA. Such anomalous behaviour of PMAAc-PAA polycomplex probably is caused by an excessive strengthening of inner- and intermolecular hydrophobic interactions in macromolecules of PMAAc- PAA polycomplexes due to the presence of α-methyl groups in PMAAc macromolecules. Because of the rebuilding of macromolecule segments of complex by polarity at the interface is becoming a difficult one.

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Comparison between surface and volumetric properties of short-chain alcohols and some classical surfactants

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska sectio AA – Chemia ◽

10.17951/aa.2016.71.1.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Magdalena Bielawska ◽

Anna Zdziennicka ◽

Bronisław Jańczuk

Keyword(s):

Free Energy ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Chemical Potential ◽

Standard Free Energy ◽

Dynamic Surface Tension ◽

Short Chain ◽

Critical Aggregation Concentration ◽

Free Energy Of Adsorption ◽

Dynamic Surface ◽

Air Interface

Measurements of the dynamic surface tension of the aqueous solutions of methanol, ethanol, propanol, CTAB and SDDS at their given concentrations were made. From the obtained results and the literature data it was concluded that the adsorption of short-chain alcohols at the water-air interface is somewhat similar to that of classical surfactants. For that reason the relationship between the Gibbs standard free energy of adsorption of short-chain alcohols and classical surfactants at that interface was established. The correlation between the chemical potential of mixing of alcohols and surfactants was also analysed. This analysis concerned the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) of alcohols and the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of surfactants. The chemical potential of surfactant mixing was calculated from the literature CMC data for the homologous series of alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl ammonium chlorides, alkyl trimethylammonium bromides, and alkyl pyridinium bromides. The influence of the hydrophobic chain length of alcohol and surfactant molecules on the Gibbs standard free energy of their adsorption at the water-air interface and their chemical potential of mixing were considered. It appeared that there is a linear dependence between these thermodynamic functions and the number of carbon atoms increased by 1 in the hydrocarbon chains of these compounds. This confirms clearly our conclusion that the behaviour of short-chain alcohols and classical surfactants at the water-air interface and in the bulk phase of aqueous solutions is similar.

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Prediction of Aqueous Solution Surface Tension of Some Surfactant Mixtures and Composition of Their Monolayers at the Solution–Air Interface

Colloids and Interfaces ◽

10.3390/colloids5040053 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 53

Author(s):

Bronisław Jańczuk ◽

Anna Zdziennicka ◽

Katarzyna Szymczyk ◽

Maria Luisa González-Martín

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Surface Tension ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Ternary Mixtures ◽

Mixture Component ◽

Surfactant Mixtures ◽

Surface Tension Reduction ◽

Air Interface ◽

Binary And Ternary Mixtures ◽

Solution Surface

Measurements of the surface tension of the aqueous solution of SDDS mixture with fluorocarbon surfactants (FC) were carried out and considered in light of the surface tension of aqueous solutions of individual surfactants. Similar analyses were made for many other aqueous solutions of binary and ternary mixtures, taking into account the literature data of the surface tension of aqueous solutions of TX100, TX114, TX165, SDDS, SDS, CTAB, CPyB and FC. The possibility of predicting the surface tension of the aqueous solution of many surfactant mixtures from that of the mixture components using both the Szyszkowski, Fainerman and Miller and Joos concepts was analyzed. The surface tension of the aqueous solutions of surfactant mixtures was also considered based on the particular mixture component contribution to the water surface tension reduction. As a result, the composition of the mixed surface layer at the solution–air interface was discussed and compared to that which was determined using the Hua and Rosen concept. As follows from considerations, the surface tension of the aqueous solution of binary and ternary surfactant mixtures can be described and/or predicted.

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Activity coefficient at infinite dilution of aqueous solutions of nonionic hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon surfactants as well as their ternary mixtures

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska sectio AA – Chemia ◽

10.1515/umcschem-2015-0008 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Katarzyna Szymczyka ◽

Anna Tarabab

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Activity Coefficients ◽

Infinite Dilution ◽

Ternary Mixtures ◽

Interface Tension ◽

Surface Tension Data ◽

Ethylene Glycols ◽

Solid Liquid Interface ◽

Triton X ◽

Solid Liquid

AbstractActivity coefficients at infinite dilution of the aqueous solutions of nonionic hydrocarbon surfactants, p-(1,1,3,3- tetramethylbutyl) phenoxypoly(ethylene glycols), Triton X-100 (TX100) and Triton X-165 (TX165), fluorocarbon surfactants, Zonyl FSN-100 (FSN100) and Zonyl FSO-100 (FSO100) and their ternary mixtures were determined from the Gracia-Fadrique et al. method for non-volatile compounds. The values of activity coefficients were calculated taking into account the surface tension data of the studied systems at 293K and compared to those determined on the basis of the values of the contact angle of solutions on the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) surfaces and the solid-liquid interface tension.

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Monolayers of mono- and dioxyethylene dodecyl ethers at air–water and alkane–water interfaces

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v85-456 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 63 (10) ◽

pp. 2742-2746 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Robert Aveyard ◽

Neil Carr ◽

Helen Slezok

Keyword(s):

Free Energy ◽

Surface Pressure ◽

Water Surface ◽

Standard Free Energy ◽

Water Interface ◽

Straight Chain ◽

Free Energy Of Adsorption ◽

Negative Contribution ◽

Pressure Area ◽

Hydrophobic Nature

Surface pressure–area isotherms have been obtained for mono- and dioxyethylene dodecyl ethers both spread at the air–water surface and adsorbed at the heptane–water interface and results are compared with those for straight chain alkanols. At the heptane–water interface it appears that the ethyleneoxy groups are disposed parallel to the interface in fairly dilute films. The dual hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature of isolated CH2CH2O groups is demonstrated by showing that they give a negative contribution to the standard free energy of adsorption from both water and heptane to the heptane–water interface.

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Experimental Investigations of Behaviour of Biosurfactants in Brine Solutions Relevant to Hydrocarbon Reservoirs

Colloids and Interfaces ◽

10.3390/colloids3010024 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 24 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tinuola Udoh ◽

Jan Vinogradov

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Free Energy ◽

Oil Recovery ◽

High Salinity ◽

Standard Free Energy ◽

Experimental Investigations ◽

Surface Excess ◽

Hydrocarbon Reservoir ◽

Air Interface ◽

Gibbs Surface Excess

In this study, we investigated the behaviour of rhamnolipid and Greenzyme in brine solutions relevant to hydrocarbon reservoir. Prior to this work, several studies only reported the behaviour of the biosurfactants dissolved in sodium chloride solutions of varied salinity. The results of this study are relevant to the application of the biosurfactants in enhanced oil recovery, during which the compounds are injected into reservoir saturated with formation water, typically of high salinity and complex composition. Surface tension and conductivity methods were used to determine the critical micelle concentrations of the biosurfactants, Gibbs surface excess concentrations and standard free energy at water-air interface. The results show that rhamnolipid and Greenzyme could reduce the surface tension of water from 72.1 ± 0.2 mN/m to 34.7 ± 0.4 mN/m and 47.1 ± 0.1 mN/m respectively. They were also found to be stable in high salinity and high temperature with rhamnolipid being sensitive to brine salinity, composition and pH while Greenzyme showed tolerance for high salinity. Furthermore, the Gibbs standard free energy of micellisation shows that rhamnolipid and Greenzyme have the tendency to spontaneously form micelles with rhamnolipid showing more surface adsorption. However from maximal Gibbs surface excess concentration calculations, Greenzyme monomers tend to favour aggregation more than that of rhamnolipid.

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Ethanol behaviour at the solution-air interface in the presence of Triton X-100 and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide mixture

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska sectio AA – Chemia ◽

10.1515/umcschem-2015-0011 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Magdalena Bielawska ◽

Anna Zdziennicka

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽

Air Interface ◽

Triton X

AbstractOn the basis of the surface tension ( γ

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Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010008170x ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 168-169

Author(s):

K. T. Tokuyasu

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Water Surface ◽

Thin Layers ◽

The Other ◽

Positive Staining ◽

Frozen Sections ◽

The Past ◽

Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽

Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

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