scholarly journals Personal Glucose Meter for α-Glucosidase Inhibitor Screening Based on the Hydrolysis of Maltose

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4638
Author(s):  
Tao Tian ◽  
Guo-Ying Chen ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Feng-Qing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitor ◽  
Personal Glucose Meter ◽  
Glucose Meter ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

As a key enzyme regulating postprandial blood glucose, α-Glucosidase is considered to be an effective target for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. In this study, a simple, rapid, and effective method for enzyme inhibitors screening assay was established based on α-glucosidase catalyzes reactions in a personal glucose meter (PGM). α-glucosidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of maltose to produce glucose, which triggers the reduction of ferricyanide (K3[Fe(CN)6]) to ferrocyanide (K4[Fe(CN)6]) and generates the PGM detectable signals. When the α-glucosidase inhibitor (such as acarbose) is added, the yield of glucose and the readout of PGM decreased accordingly. This method can achieve the direct determination of α-glucosidase activity by the PGM as simple as the blood glucose tests. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the developed method was applied to evaluate the inhibitory activity of thirty-four small-molecule compounds and eighteen medicinal plants extracts on α-glucosidase. The results exhibit that lithospermic acid (52.5 ± 3.0%) and protocatechualdehyde (36.8 ± 2.8%) have higher inhibitory activity than that of positive control acarbose (31.5 ± 2.5%) at the same final concentration of 5.0 mM. Besides, the lemon extract has a good inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase with a percentage of inhibition of 43.3 ± 3.5%. Finally, the binding sites and modes of four active small-molecule compounds to α-glucosidase were investigated by molecular docking analysis. These results indicate that the PGM method is feasible to screening inhibitors from natural products with simple and rapid operations.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL AND THINKING CONCENTRATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Putri Itonami Gaol Marbun ◽  
Tengku Helvi Mardiani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Complex Thinking ◽  
Specific Memory ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Glucose Meter

Cognition function specifically about thinking concentration has not much yet been studied. Society view shown that glucose has role thinking quality. Few studies shown that glucose has role in specific memory quality but not in complex thinking. This study purpose to see correlation between blood glucose level with thinking concentration before eating (preprandial), after eating (postprandial), and the effect of blood glucose rise on thinking concentration. Subjects that accomplished study’s requirement were recruited until forty six people and were followed within thirty minutes. Blood Glucose level was measured by glucose meter at initial admission, thinking concentration were measured with trail making test at initial admission, and compared after eating on the thirtieth minute. Descriptive analytic shown that preprandial blood glucose level in all subject is 55-119 mg/dl with 98.2 mg/dl mean. Postprandial blood glucose level in all subject is 103-171 mg/dl with 134.5 mg/dl mean. Preprandial thinking concentration in all subject is 28-93 seconds with 56.42 seconds mean. Postprandial thinking concentration in all subject is 24-73 seconds with 47.5 seconds mean. Correlation analysis showed that no significance between preprandial blood glucose level and thinking concentration (p = 0.556), postprandial blood glucose level and thinking concentration (p = 0.533), and increase in blood glucose and thinking concentration (p= 0.928). In conclusion there is no significant correlation between blood glucose level and thinking concentration.

Aptameric detection of quinine in reclaimed wastewater using a personal glucose meter

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 2931-2938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Qiu ◽  
Chunmei Gu ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Hanchang Shi
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Reclaimed Wastewater ◽  
Personal Glucose Meter ◽  
Glucose Meter

Quantification of small-molecule analytes in an aqueous environment remains expensive due to the high costs of instruments and human resources.

A sensitive one-step method for quantitative detection of α-amylase in serum and urine using a personal glucose meter

The Analyst ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Wang ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Xiaohai Yang ◽  
Kemin Wang ◽  
Rongjuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Personal Glucose Meter ◽  
One Step ◽  
Glucose Meter ◽  
Serum And Urine

A one-step assay for direct determination of α-amylase activity in serum and urine was developed using a portable personal glucose meter.

scholarly journals Intragastric administration of the bitter tastant quinine lowers the glycemic response to a nutrient drink without slowing gastric emptying in healthy men

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (2) ◽  
pp. R263-R273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vida Bitarafan ◽  
Penelope C. E. Fitzgerald ◽  
Tanya J. Little ◽  
Wolfgang Meyerhof ◽  
Karen L. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Glycemic Response ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Healthy Men

The rate of gastric emptying and the release of gastrointestinal (GI) hormones are major determinants of postprandial blood-glucose concentrations and energy intake. Preclinical studies suggest that activation of GI bitter-taste receptors potently stimulates GI hormones, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and thus may reduce postprandial glucose and energy intake. We evaluated the effects of intragastric quinine on the glycemic response to, and the gastric emptying of, a mixed-nutrient drink and the effects on subsequent energy intake in healthy men. The study consisted of 2 parts: part A included 15 lean men, and part B included 12 lean men (aged 26 ± 2 yr). In each part, participants received, on 3 separate occasions, in double-blind, randomized fashion, intragastric quinine (275 or 600 mg) or control, 30 min before a mixed-nutrient drink ( part A) or before a buffet meal ( part B). In part A, plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon, and GLP-1 concentrations were measured at baseline, after quinine alone, and for 2 h following the drink. Gastric emptying of the drink was also measured. In part B, energy intake at the buffet meal was quantified. Quinine in 600 mg (Q600) and 275 mg (Q275) doses alone stimulated insulin modestly ( P < 0.05). After the drink, Q600 and Q275 reduced plasma glucose and stimulated insulin ( P < 0.05), Q275 stimulated GLP-1 ( P < 0.05), and Q600 tended to stimulate GLP-1 ( P = 0.066) and glucagon ( P = 0.073) compared with control. Quinine did not affect gastric emptying of the drink or energy intake. In conclusion, in healthy men, intragastric quinine reduces postprandial blood glucose and stimulates insulin and GLP-1 but does not slow gastric emptying or reduce energy intake under our experimental conditions.

The Effect of an α-Glucosidase Inhibitor and Insulin on Glucose Metabolism and Lipid Profiles in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 438-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Okada ◽  
K Ishii ◽  
H Hamada ◽  
S Tanokuchi ◽  
K Ichiki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Dose ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Glycosylated Haemoglobin ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitor ◽  
Insulin Dependent

Studies were carried out to assess various ways of improving glycaemic control and lipid profiles of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in whom glucose metabolism was poor. Part or all of the dose of the sulphonylurea that had been used to treat patients in Group 1 ( n = 8) was replaced by an α-glucosidase inhibitor. Symptoms related to hypoglycaemia disappeared and the postprandial blood glucose level was significantly increased ( P < 0.043) but serum lipid levels were not significantly altered and the mean glycosylated haemoglobin level was unchanged. In Group 2 ( n = 10) patients, a large part of the insulin dose was replaced by an α-glucosidase inhibitor. Hypoglycaemia-related symptoms disappeared but there were no significant changes in lipid profiles, postprandial blood glucose or glycosylated haemoglobin levels. The third group of patients ( n = 9) had been treated with insulin alone and were given additional α-glucosidase inhibitor without changing their insulin dose. This did not significantly change their lipid profiles, postprandial blood glucose or glycosylated haemoglobin levels. In Group 4 ( n = 9) the addition of an α-glucosidase inhibitor to the initial sulphonylurea did not produce any significant changes in mean postprandial blood glucose or glycosylated haemoglobin levels. The results for individual patients indicated that the glycosylated haemoglobin levels had improved after the change of treatment only in those patients whose connective peptide immunoreactivity was > 6.0 ng/ml.

scholarly journals Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitory peptides derived from salmon milt and their effects on postprandial blood glucose level

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Takahashi ◽  
Akira Kamata ◽  
Tatsuya Konishi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase Iv ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Inhibitory Peptides ◽  
Dpp Iv

AbstractThe hydrolysate of Oncorhynchus keta (chum salmon) milt was found to exhibit strong inhibitory activity against dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), and the hypoglycaemic effect of these salmon milt peptides (SMPs) was confirmed using oral starch tolerance tests in Sprague–Dawley rats. Specifically, the oral administration of SMPs at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight for 1 week resulted in a significant decrease in the blood glucose level of the rats 60 min after starch consumption compared with the control. The bioassay-guided separation of SMPs, using a combination of column chromatographic techniques, led to the identification of 12 active di-, tri- and tetrapeptides, including four novel DPP-IV inhibitory peptides, namely Phe-Pro-Val-Gly, Leu-Pro-Val-Leu, Val-Pro-Phe-Pro and Ile-Pro-Leu. Among these 12 peptides, Ile-Pro contributed the most (1.3%) to the total DPP-IV inhibitory activity of SMPs. Therefore, SMPs may have the potential to be used as a suppressor of postprandial hyperglycaemia and to be considered a promising functional food material for the prevention of type II diabetes.

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