Mechanisms of Tebuconazole Adsorption in Profiles of Mineral Soils

The study attempted to identify the soil components and the principal adsorption mechanisms that bind tebuconazole in mineral soils. The KF values of the Freundlich isotherm determined in 18 soils from six soil profiles in batch experiments after 96 h of shaking ranged from 1.11 to 16.85 μg1–1/n (mL)1/n g–1, and the exponent 1/n values from 0.74 to 1.04. The adsorption of tebuconazole was inversely correlated with the soil pH. Both neutral and protonated forms of this organic base were adsorbed mainly on the fraction of humins. The adsorption of the protonated form increased in the presence of hydrogen cations adsorbed in the soil sorption sites. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy coupled with the molecular modeling studies and partial least squares regression analysis indicated that the tebuconazole molecule is bound in the organic matter through the formation of hydrogen bonds as well as hydrophobic and π–π interactions. Ion exchange was one of the adsorption mechanisms of the protonated form of this fungicide. The created mathematical model, assuming that both forms of tebuconazole are adsorbed on the organic matter and adsorption of the protonated form is affected by the potential acidity, described its adsorption in soils well.

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Effect of pH on the Phytotoxicity of Prometryne Applied to Synthetic Soil Media

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500046749 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 134-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

J. B. Weber ◽

P. W. Perry ◽

K. Ibaraki

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Protonated Form ◽

Matter Content ◽

Montmorillonite Clay ◽

Growth Media ◽

Adsorption Mechanisms ◽

Soil Media

Additions of montmorillonite clay and soil of high organic matter content to growth media consisting of sand and nutrient solution significantly decreased the phytotoxicity of 2-methylthio-4,6-bis(isopropylamino)-s-triazine (prometryne) to wheat [Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell. (aestivum group) “Wakeland”]. Phytotoxicity was decreased to a greater extent at pH 4.5 than at pH 6.5. The reduction in phytotoxicity was attributed to adsorption of the herbicide by the additives. A larger proportion of the prometryne was present in the protonated form at the lower pH and the increased adsorption probably resulted from the coulombic bonding of these cations to the soil additives. Adsorption mechanisms are postulated and discussed.

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Adsorption of bentazone in the profiles of mineral soils with low organic matter content

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0242980 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. e0242980

Author(s):

Tadeusz Paszko ◽

Joanna Matysiak ◽

Daniel Kamiński ◽

Sylwia Pasieczna-Patkowska ◽

Miłosz Huber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Mineralogical Composition ◽

Matter Content ◽

Published Data ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Adsorption Mechanisms ◽

Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy ◽

Mineral Soils

The current laboratory adsorption study aimed at determination of the values of adsorption distribution coefficient (Kd) of bentazone in the profiles of Arenosols, Luvisols, and Cambisols, which are the most common arable mineral soils in Poland. The study attempted to identify the soil components that bind bentazone and the principal adsorption mechanisms of this compound as well as create a model capable of predicting its adsorption in soils. The Kd values determined in batch experiments after 24 h of shaking were very low, and ranged from 0.05 to 0.30 mL/g for the Ap horizon and 0 to 0.07 mL/g for subsoils. The results indicated that the anionic form of bentazone was adsorbed on organic matter, while in acidic soils the neutral form of bentazone was adsorbed on organic matter and sand. The detailed analyses of mineralogical composition revealed that the principal mineral that was responsible for the adsorption of bentazone was quartz, which content was strongly positively correlated with the sand fraction. In soils with pH < 5 and an organic carbon content of < 0.35%, quartz exhibited much greater affinity for the neutral bentazone form than organic matter. Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy analyses supported by computational methods have shown the most probable mechanisms behind the adsorption of bentazone on quartz. The created model, assuming the adsorption of bentazone on organic matter and on sand and using the spectrophotometrically determined dissociation constant of bentazone, very well explained the Kd variance in the 81 examined soils, while correctly predicting the adsorption based on soil properties described in the published data.

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Estimation of soil organic matter using proximal and satellite sensors after a wildfire in Mediterranean Croatia

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-3896 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Iva Hrelja ◽

Ivana Šestak ◽

Igor Bogunović

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Spectral Data ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Mean Squared Error ◽

Nir Spectroscopy ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Macro Scale ◽

Sentinel 2

Spectral data obtained from optical spaceborne sensors are being recognized as a valuable source of data that show promising results in assessing soil properties on medium and macro scale. Combining this technique with laboratory Visible-Near Infrared (VIS-NIR) spectroscopy methods can be an effective approach to perform robust research on plot scale to determine wildfire impact on soil organic matter (SOM) immediately after the fire. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the ability of Sentinel-2 superspectral data in estimating post-fire SOM content and comparison with the results acquired with laboratory VIS-NIR spectroscopy.The study is performed in Mediterranean Croatia (44&#176; 05&#8217; N; 15&#176; 22&#8217; E; 72 m a.s.l.), on approximately 15 ha of fire affected mixed Quercus ssp. and Juniperus ssp. forest on Cambisols. A total of 80 soil samples (0-5 cm depth) were collected and geolocated on August 22nd 2019, two days after a medium to high severity wildfire. The samples were taken to the laboratory where soil organic carbon (SOC) content was determined via dry combustion method with a CHNS analyzer. SOM was subsequently calculated by using a conversion factor of 1.724. Laboratory soil spectral measurements were carried out using a portable spectroradiometer (350-1050 nm) on all collected soil samples. Two Sentinel-2 images were downloaded from ESAs Scientific Open Access Hub according to the closest dates of field sampling, namely August 31st and September 5th 2019, each containing eight VIS-NIR and two SWIR (Short-Wave Infrared) bands which were extracted from bare soil pixels using SNAP software. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) model based on the pre-processed spectral data was used for SOM estimation on both datasets. Spectral reflectance data were used as predictors and SOM content was used as a response variable. The accuracy of the models was determined via Root Mean Squared Error of Prediction (RMSEp) and Ratio of Performance to Deviation (RPD) after full cross-validation of the calibration datasets.The average post-fire SOM content was 9.63%, ranging from 5.46% minimum to 23.89% maximum. Models obtained from both datasets showed low RMSEp (Spectroscopy dataset RMSEp = 1.91; Sentinel-2 dataset RMSEp = 0.99). RPD values indicated very good predictions for both datasets (Spectrospcopy dataset RPD = 2.72; Sentinel-2 dataset RPD = 2.22). Laboratory spectroscopy method with higher spectral resolution provided more accurate results. Nonetheless, spaceborne method also showed promising results in the analysis and monitoring of SOM in post-burn period.Keywords: remote sensing, soil spectroscopy, wildfires, soil organic matterAcknowledgment: This work was supported by the Croatian Science Foundation through the project "Soil erosion and degradation in Croatia" (UIP-2017-05-7834) (SEDCRO). Aleksandra Per&#269;in is acknowledged for her cooperation during the laboratory work.

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Acid Hydrolysis Lignin as a Sorbent for Naphthalene

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.2001.038 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 719-735 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Angela Keane ◽

Subhasis Ghoshal

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Acid Hydrolysis ◽

Waste Product ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Packed Bed ◽

Hydrolysis Lignin ◽

Sorptive Capacity ◽

Sorption Data ◽

Large Pressure ◽

Acid Hydrolysis Lignin

Abstract Lignin, a major polymeric constituent of woody plant tissue, is an abundant source of natural organic matter available as a waste product from the pulp and paper and the fuel ethanol industries. In this study, the sorptive capacity of acid hydrolysis lignin for naphthalene, a representative nonpolar hydrophobic organic compound (HOC), was investigated. When powdered lignin is mixed with distilled water, dissolved and/or colloidal organic matter leaches into the aqueous phase imparting a cloudy yellowish colour. A washing and filtering protocol was developed for pretreating the lignin employed in the sorption studies. Results from batch sorption experiments showed that acid hydrolysis lignin has a strong affinity for naphthalene. The Freundlich isotherm coefficients obtained indicate that the sorption isotherm for naphthalene on hydrolysis lignin is nearly linear. A modified Freundlich equation was employed in order to compare sorption data for HOCs on lignin and activated carbon through the use of unit equivalent coefficients. The results presented in this research and in the literature suggest that the two sorbents are comparable in terms of sorption coefficients. It was determined that acid hydrolysis lignin is unsuitable for use in a packed bed since pumping a naphthalene solution through a column packed with lignin caused the wet lignin to become significantly hardened over time, resulting in a large pressure drop across the system.

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Nitrogen dynamics in a soil-sugar cane system

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162000000300015 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 467-472 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Júlio César Martins de Oliveira ◽

Klaus Reichardt ◽

Osny O.S. Bacchi ◽

Luis Carlos Timm ◽

Durval Dourado-Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Sugar Cane ◽

Growing Season ◽

Leaching Losses ◽

System A ◽

Organic Matter Management ◽

15N Fertilizer ◽

Soil Components ◽

Organic Matter Fractions ◽

Plant Components

Results of an organic matter management experiment of a sugar cane crop are reported for the first cropping year. Sugar cane was planted in October 1997, and labeled with a 15N fertilizer pulse to study the fate of organic matter in the soil-plant system. A nitrogen balance is presented, partitioning the system in plant components (stalk, tip and straw), soil components (five soil organic matter fractions) and evaluating leaching losses. The 15N label permitted to determine, at the end of the growing season, amounts of nitrogen derived from the fertilizer, present in the above mentioned compartments.

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The influence of feed quality from peat soils on the productivity of cattle

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/901/1/012017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 901 (1) ◽

pp. 012017

Author(s):

A N Ulanov ◽

V N Kovshova ◽

O G Mokrushina ◽

A V Smirnova ◽

A L Glubokovskih ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Human Activity ◽

Feed Additives ◽

Perennial Grasses ◽

Resource Saving ◽

Peat Soils ◽

Genetic Potential ◽

Mineral Soils ◽

Livestock Products

Abstract In the context of the implementation of environmental, resource-saving systems of agriculture, research in the system of biogeocenosis is very relevant: soil – plant-feed-animal-livestock products. Peatlands and developed peat soils are a kind of environment for human activity in this system. As a result of many years of research, it was found that perennial grasses grown on peat soils have differences in chemical composition compared to plants grown on mineral soils. They contain more organic matter and raw protein. However, their digestibility of nutrients is lower than in herbs grown on mineral soils. Therefore, for a full-fledged balanced feeding of cows, the realization of the genetic potential of animal productivity, and the preservation of their health, scientifically-based diets are necessary, developed on the basis of bulky feeds obtained from peat and developed soils, with the introduction of appropriate feed additives in them.

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Relationships between extractable Al, selected soil properties, pH buffer capacity and lime requirement in some acidic Queensland soils

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr9920119 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 119 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

RL Aitken

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Buffer Capacity ◽

Clay Content ◽

Ph Buffering ◽

Ph Buffer ◽

Mineral Soils ◽

Chloride Salts ◽

Hydrolysis Of

The objectives of this study were to examine (1) interrelationships between various forms of extractable A1 and selected soil properties, (2) the contribution of extractable A1 to pH buffer capacity, and (3) investigate the use of extractable A1 to predict lime requirement. Aluminium was extracted from each of 60 Queensland soils with a range of chloride salts: 1 M KCl (AlK), 0.5 M CuCl2 (AlCu), 0.33 M LaCl3 (AlLa) and 0.01 M CaCl2 (AlCa). The amounts of A1 extracted were in the order AlCu > AlLa > Alk > AlCa. Little or no A1 was extracted by KC1 or Lac13 in soils with pHw values greater than 5.5 , whereas CuCl2 extracted some A1 irrespective of soil pH. The greater amounts of A1 extracted by CuCl2 were attributed mainly to A1 from organic matter, even though all of the soils were mineral soils (organic carbon 54.7%). Both AlCu and AlLa, were significantly (P < 0.001) correlated with organic carbon, whereas none of the extractable A1 measures was correlated with clay content. AlK and A~L, were poorly correlated to pH buffer capacity. The linear relationship between AlCu and pH buffer capacity (r2 = 0.49) obtained in this study supports the view of previous researchers that the hydrolysis of A1 adsorbed by organic matter is a source of pH buffering in soils. However, the change in CEC with pH accounted for 76% of the variation in pH buffer capacity, indicating that other mechanisms such as deprotonation of organic groups and variable charge minerals are also involved in pH buffering. The ability of CuCl2 and LaCl3extractable Al to estimate lime requirement depended on the target pH. The results suggest that lime requirements based on neutralization of AlLa would be sufficient to raise pHw to around 5.5, whereas requirements based on neutralization of AlCu substantially overestimated the actual lime requirement to pHw 5.5, but gave a reasonable estimation of the lime requirement to pHw 6 5.

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Spectral assessment of organic matter with different composition using reflectance spectroscopy

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-190 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nicolas Francos ◽

Yaron Ogen ◽

Eyal Ben-Dor

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Sustainable Use ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Dune Sand ◽

Spectral Detection ◽

Soil Surveys ◽

Different Origins ◽

Limited Accuracy ◽

Spectral Assessment

Soil surveys are critical for maintaining sustainable use of natural resources while minimizing harmful impacts to the ecosystem. A key soil attribute for many environmental parameters, such as CO2 budget, soil fertility and sustainability, is soil organic matter (SOM), and its sequestration. Soil spectroscopy is a popular method to assess SOM content rapidly in both field and laboratory domains. However, the SOM source composition differs from soil to soil and the use of spectral-based models for quantifying SOM may present limited accuracy when applying a generic approach for SOM assessment. We therefore examined the extent to which the generic approach can assess SOM contents of different origin using spectral-based models. We created an artificial big dataset composed of pure dune sand as a SOM-free background which was artificially mixed with increasing amounts of different organic matter (OM) sources obtained from commercial compost of different origins. Dune sand has high albedo and yields optimal conditions for SOM detection. This study combined two methods: partial least squares regression for the prediction of SOM content from reflectance values across the 400&#8211;2500 nm region, and soil spectral detection limit (SSDL) to judge the prediction accuracy. Spectral-based models to assess SOM content were evaluated with each OM source as well as with a merged dataset that contained all of the generated samples (generic approach). The latter was concluded to have limitations for assessing low amounts of SOM (<0.6%), even under controlled conditions. Moreover, some of the OM sources were more difficult to monitor than others; accordingly, caution is advised when different SOM sources are present in the examined population.

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Pb and Cd chemisorption by acid mineral soils with variable Mn and organic matter contents

Geoderma ◽

10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114274 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 368 ◽

pp. 114274 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuting Zhou ◽

Sonam Sherpa ◽

M.B. McBride

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Mineral Soils

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Relationship between soil composition and retention capacity of terbumeton onto chalky soils

Environmental Chemistry ◽

10.1071/en08105 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 245 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Achouak El Arfaoui ◽

Stéphanie Sayen ◽

Eric Marceau ◽

Lorenzo Stievano ◽

Emmanuel Guillon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Environmental Fate ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Calcareous Soils ◽

Matter Content ◽

Soil Composition ◽

Retention Capacity ◽

Wide Range ◽

Soil Components

Environmental context. The wide use of pesticides for pest and weed control contributes to their presence in underground and surface waters, which has led to a continuously growing interest in their environmental fate. Soils play a key role in the transfer of these compounds from the sprayer to the water as a result of their capacity to retain pesticides depending on the soil components. The knowledge of soil composition should enable one to predict pesticide behaviour in the environment. Abstract. Eight calcareous soils of Champagne vineyards (France) were studied to investigate the adsorption of the herbicide terbumeton (TER). A preliminary characterisation of the soil samples using X-ray diffraction (XRD), elemental and textural analyses, revealed a wide range of soil properties for the selected samples. The adsorption isotherms of TER were plotted for all samples. The determination of soil properties, which significantly correlated with the Kd distribution coefficient, allowed identification of organic matter and CaCO3 as the two main soil components that govern the retention of the herbicide. Organic matter was the predominant phase involved in the retention but its role was limited by the presence of calcite. Finally, the ratio of CaCO3 content to organic matter content was proposed as a useful parameter to predict the adsorption of terbumeton in chalky soils. The evolution of Kd as a function of this ratio was successfully described using an empirical model.

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