scholarly journals Deep Eutectic Solvents Application in Food Analysis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 6846
Author(s):  
Cecilia Ortega-Zamora ◽  
Javier González-Sálamo ◽  
Javier Hernández-Borges
Keyword(s):  
Food Analysis ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Hydrophilic Nature ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
New Generation

Current trends in Analytical Chemistry are focused on the development of more sustainable and environmentally friendly procedures. However, and despite technological advances at the instrumental level having played a very important role in the greenness of the new methods, there is still work to be done regarding the sample preparation stage. In this sense, the implementation of new materials and solvents has been a great step towards the development of "greener" analytical methodologies. In particular, the application of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) has aroused great interest in recent years in this regard, as a consequence of their excellent physicochemical properties, general low toxicity, and high biodegradability if they are compared with classical organic solvents. Furthermore, the inclusion of DESs based on natural products (natural DESs, NADESs) has led to a notable increase in the popularity of this new generation of solvents in extraction techniques. This review article focuses on providing an overview of the applications and limitations of DESs in solvent-based extraction techniques for food analysis, paying especial attention to their hydrophobic or hydrophilic nature, which is one of the main factors affecting the extraction procedure, becoming even more important when such complex matrices are studied.

Examination of Conditions for the Determination of Carbamate Pesticides in Soils

1992 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1632-1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Věra Tatarkovičová ◽  
Zdeněk Stránský
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Purification Procedure ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Carbamate Pesticides ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Extracting Solvent

The procedure for the determination of carbamate pesticides in soil was optimized. The following factors affecting the final results were investigated: extracting solvent, extraction procedure, extract purification procedure, and soil type. Triple extraction with acetone and purification of the extract on a two-stage purification column containing an activated carbon-silica gel 1+1 mixture were found optimal. The extracts after treatment were analyzed by RP-HPLC with UV detection. The method developed allows carbamate pesticides in soil to be determined at concentrations in excess of 30 μg kg-1.

scholarly journals Environmentally Friendly Techniques and Their Comparison in the Extraction of Natural Antioxidants from Green Tea, Rosemary, Clove, and Oregano

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1869
Author(s):  
Mariel Calderón-Oliver ◽  
Edith Ponce-Alquicira
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Health Trends ◽  
Food Applications

Many current food and health trends demand the use of more ecological, sustainable, and environmentally friendly techniques for the extraction of bioactive compounds, including antioxidants. However, extraction yields and final antioxidant activities vary between sources and are highly influenced by the given extraction method and nature and ratio of the employed solvent, especially for total polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, which are well recognized as natural antioxidants with food applications. This review focused on the most common extraction techniques and potential antioxidant activity in the food industry for various natural antioxidant sources, such as green tea, rosemary, clove, and oregano. Green extraction techniques have been proven to be far more efficient, environmentally friendly, and economical. In general, these techniques include the use of microwaves, ultrasound, high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric fields, enzymes, and deep eutectic solvents, among others. These extraction methods are described here, including their advantages, disadvantages, and applications.

Green Synthesis of 2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one Derivatives in Deep Eutectic Solvents via Knoevenagel Condensation

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melita Lončarić ◽  
MAJA MOLNAR
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Knoevenagel Condensation ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Model Reaction ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Toxic Organic Solvents

Abstract: Recently, more and more researchers are resorting to green methods and techniques to avoid environmental pollution. Accordingly, many researchers have been working on the development of new green synthetic procedures trying to avoid the use of toxic organic solvents. A sustainable concept of green and environmentally friendly solvents in chemical synthesis nowadays encompasses a relatively new generation of solvents called deep eutectic solvents (DESs). DESs often have a dual role in the synthesis, acting as both, solvents and catalysts. In this study, DESs are used in the Knoevenagel synthesis of rhodanine derivatives, with no addition of conventional catalysts. A model reaction of rhodanine and salicylaldehyde was performed in 20 different DESs at 80 °C, in order to find the best solvent, which was further used for the synthesis of the series of desired compounds. A series of rhodanines was synthesized in choline chloride: acetamide (ChCl:acetamide) DES with good to excellent yields (51.4 – 99.7 %).

scholarly journals Planning and Development for a New Generation of Gas Turbine Propelled Ships in the U.S. Navy

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Goldman ◽  
R. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Aircraft Engines ◽  
World War ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Prime Movers ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
Base Of Support ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The U.S

In the early 1970s, gas turbine technology had reached the stage where it became feasible to consider marinization of state-of-the-art aircraft engines. Approximately concurrently with these technological advances, the U.S. Navy had the need to project replacements for many of its conventionally propelled surface ships of World War II vintage. Characteristics of good fuel economy coupled with potentially viable reliability and maintenance characteristics conditioned the development of main and auxiliary gas turbine prime movers for ships. Ship design, therefore, was strongly influenced by previously unavailable power plant characteristics. New ships are building and others actively being designed to draw upon these technological advantages, and a broad base of support is being established to ensure the continued long range mobility of the U.S. Navy’s ships.

scholarly journals Strategic Planning Madrasah Pembangunan Ciputat

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
Dian Nuraini ◽  
Suryadi Suryadi ◽  
Siti Zulaikha
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Quality Assurance System ◽  
Global Information ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Assurance System ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The World ◽  
Quality Policy

This study aims to obtain a complete picture of strategic planning in Madrasah Pembangunan. How can the mandate, vision, and mission of the organization be outlined in strategic planning as a reference and guide in carrying out programs and activities? The research instrument is a researcher who is also known as a human instrument. Determination of informants by purposive sampling. The technique of collecting data is direct observation, photographing the research site, recording interviews with resource persons, and collecting data or documents obtained from resource persons. Findings from the research (1) Strategic planning has been implemented properly and has become a quality assurance system as outlined in the quality policy and quality objectives in each unit in the Madrasah Pembangunan as a reference for every policy in management. The 2018 Madrasah Pembangunan Blueprint is a planning document that has a vision that is in line with current trends and can be applied to accommodate developments in the world of education that lead to technological advances and global information flows.

scholarly journals The Use of Instruments by Iranian Endodontics and General Practioners

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farokh Gisour Elham ◽  
Zarmehi Sedigheh
Keyword(s):  
Contingency Table ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
File Systems ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Simple Sampling ◽  
New Generation

Aim: The current clinical practice of endodontics involves utilization of a variety of new technological advances and materials. Technologies available for use in endodontic offices today include battery or electric motors using NiTi rotary file systems, new generation of electronic apex locators (EALs), improved digital radiographic sensors, surgical microscopes, and ultrasonic units. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and use of newer technologies among Iranian dental practitioners. Materials and methods: The population under study included the dental practitioners participating in the 49th and 50th Congress of Dentistry, who were selected with a simple sampling method. Data was collected by questionnaires which were completed by the participants in an anonymous manner. The contingency table and chi-squared test were used for data analysis by SPSS 13.5 software. Results: A total of 700 dental practitioners participated in the study; NiTi rotary systems were used by 50.1%; electronic apex locators were often employed by 46.3%; 21.7% reported that ultrasonic units were often used. Only 1.1% frequently used surgical microscopes. Males and females differed with respect to the use of newer technologies (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it seems necessary for dentists to take part in continuing dental education programs related to the newer technologies to improve their knowledge and practice.

Medical tourism in the COVID-19 era: opportunities, challenges and the way ahead

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Chhabra ◽  
Mehak Munjal ◽  
Prabhu Chandra Mishra ◽  
Kritika Singh ◽  
Debjanee Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe novel coronavirus has not only caused significant illness and loss of life, it has caused major disruption at local, national and global levels. While the healthcare industry is experiencing growth during the pandemic, disruption to travel has affected medical tourism. This article considers the short-term factors affecting medical tourism and how they could be mitigated by incorporating technological advances to secure long-term growth.Design/methodology/approachThe study examines data provided by the Indian government as well as from non-government sources available in the public domain to review the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on medical tourism. The authors also examine data on technological advances in the healthcare industry that could help to reduce the impact of the pandemic.FindingsThis study’s findings show that while in-person services have been seriously impacted in the short term, technological adaptation of medical services to facilitate remote medical consultation has significantly increased. This has enlarged the business opportunities available to hospitals and general practitioners, and it could be leveraged to enhance medical tourism.Originality/valueThe article provides an analysis of the impact of the pandemic on medical tourism and how technology could be used to overcome short-term negative impacts and support longer-term development.

scholarly journals Highly Efficient Extraction Procedures Based on Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents or Ionic Liquids for Determination of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Spinach

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 4736
Author(s):  
Sylwia Bajkacz ◽  
Kornelia Rusin ◽  
Anna Wolny ◽  
Jakub Adamek ◽  
Karol Erfurt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Efficient Extraction ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Extraction Agent

A novel, efficient extraction procedure based on natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) and ionic liquids (ILs) for determination of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-E) in spinach has been developed. NADES, the first green extraction agent, with different hydrogen bond donors and acceptors are screened in order to determine extraction efficiencies. NADES consisting of lactic acid and levulinic acid at a molar ratio of 1:1 exhibits the highest yields. ILs, the second green extraction agent, with various cations and anions are also investigated, where [TEA] [OAc]·AcOH, χAcOH = 0.75 displays the highest recovery. Moreover, NADES-SLE and IL-SLE (SLE, solid-liquid extraction) parameters are investigated. Using the obtained optimized method, the recoveries of the target compound in spinach are above 93% and 88% for NADES-SLE and IL-SLE procedure, respectively. The methods display good linearity within the range of 0.5–30 μg/g and LODs of 0.17 µg/g. The proposed NADES-SLE-UHPLC-UV and IL-SLE-UHPLC-UV procedures can be applied to the analysis of 20-E in real spinach samples, making it a potentially promising technique for food matrix. The main advantage of this study is the superior efficiency of the new, green extraction solvents, which results in a significant reduction of extraction time and solvents as compared to those in the literature.

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