scholarly journals Direct and Indirect Chemiluminescence: Reactions, Mechanisms and Challenges

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 7664
Author(s):  
Marina A. Tzani ◽  
Dimitra K. Gioftsidou ◽  
Michael G. Kallitsakis ◽  
Nikolaos V. Pliatsios ◽  
Natasa P. Kalogiouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Excited State ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
Electronically Excited State ◽  
Electronically Excited

Emission of light by matter can occur through a variety of mechanisms. When it results from an electronically excited state of a species produced by a chemical reaction, it is called chemiluminescence (CL). The phenomenon can take place both in natural and artificial chemical systems and it has been utilized in a variety of applications. In this review, we aim to revisit some of the latest CL applications based on direct and indirect production modes. The characteristics of the chemical reactions and the underpinning CL mechanisms are thoroughly discussed in view of studies from the very recent bibliography. Different methodologies aiming at higher CL efficiencies are summarized and presented in detail, including CL type and scaffolds used in each study. The CL role in the development of efficient therapeutic platforms is also discussed in relation to the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and singlet oxygen (1O2) produced, as final products. Moreover, recent research results from our team are included regarding the behavior of commonly used photosensitizers upon chemical activation under CL conditions. The CL prospects in imaging, biomimetic organic and radical chemistry, and therapeutics are critically presented in respect to the persisting challenges and limitations of the existing strategies to date.

scholarly journals The Reactive Oxygen Species Singlet Oxygen, Hydroxy Radicals, and the Superoxide Radical Anion—Examples of Their Roles in Biology and Medicine

Oxygen ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-95
Author(s):  
Ruth Edge ◽  
T. George Truscott
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Radical Anion ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Superoxide Radical Anion ◽  
Hydroxy Radicals ◽  
Electronically Excited

Reactive oxygen species comprise oxygen-based free radicals and non-radical species such as peroxynitrite and electronically excited (singlet) oxygen. These reactive species often have short lifetimes, and much of our understanding of their formation and reactivity in biological and especially medical environments has come from complimentary fast reaction methods involving pulsed lasers and high-energy radiation techniques. These and related methods, such as EPR, are discussed with particular reference to singlet oxygen, hydroxy radicals, the superoxide radical anion, and their roles in medical aspects, such as cancer, vision and skin disorders, and especially pro- and anti-oxidative processes.

UV-Vis Spectrophotometrical and Analytical Methodology for the Determination of Singlet Oxygen in New Antibacterials Drugs

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 117739010700200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Zoltan ◽  
Franklin Vargas ◽  
Carla Izzo
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Inexpensive Method ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
First Time

We have determined and quantified spectrophotometrically the capacity of producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) as 1O2 during the photolysis with UV-A light of 5 new synthesized naphthyl ester derivates of well-known quinolone antibacterials (nalidixic acid (1), cinoxacin (2), norfloxacin (3), ciprofloxacin (4) and enoxacin (5)). The ability of the naphthyl ester derivatives (6-10) to generate singlet oxygen were detecting and for the first time quantified by the histidine assay, a sensitive, fast and inexpensive method. The following tendency of generation of singlet oxygen was observed: compounds 7 >10 > 6 > 8 > 9 >> parent drugs 1-5.

Time-Resolved X-ray Scattering of an Electronically Excited State in Solution. Structure of the3A2uState of Tetrakis-μ-pyrophosphitodiplatinate(II)

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 502-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Christensen ◽  
Kristoffer Haldrup ◽  
Klaus Bechgaard ◽  
Robert Feidenhans’l ◽  
Qingyu Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Solution Structure ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electronically Excited State ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Electronically Excited ◽  
Ray Scattering

scholarly journals Спектрально-люминесцентные свойства циклометаллированных комплексов Pd(II) на основе метилового эфира цинхофена

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (11) ◽  
pp. 1387
Author(s):  
Р.И. Байчурин ◽  
И.Т. Дуланова ◽  
Ал.М. Пузык ◽  
М.В. Пузык
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Radiative Transition ◽  
Spectroscopy Data ◽  
Electronically Excited State ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Electronically Excited

A procedure of synthesis of Pd (II) complexes with 2-phenylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester: [PdMpqc(μ-Аc)]2 and [PdEnMpqc] BF4, where Mpqc is methyl 2-phenyl-4-quinolinecarboxylate ion, Ac - acetate ion, En - ethylenediamine, was developed. The composition and structure of the complexes obtained were established on the basis of IR and polynuclear NMR spectroscopy data, optical and physical properties were described on the basis of UV and fluorescence spectroscopy. The phosphorescence of Pd (II) complexes in the visible region was assigned to the radiative transition from the spin-forbidden intraligand electronically excited state 3(π-π) that is localized on the aromatic Mpqc system.

Degradation of natural toxins by phthalocyanines–example of cyanobacterial toxin, microcystin

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jančula ◽  
Lucie Bláhová ◽  
Marie Karásková ◽  
Blahoslav Maršálek
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cyanobacterial Toxin ◽  
Natural Toxins ◽  
Peptide Toxins ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Absorption Characteristics

Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are promising photosensitizers for use in various branches of science and industry. In the presence of visible light and diatomic oxygen, phthalocyanines can react to produce singlet oxygen, a member of reactive oxygen species able to damage different molecules and tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of phthalocyanines to degrade natural toxins in the presence of visible light. As the representative of hardly degradable toxins, a group of cyanobacterial peptide toxins—microcystin-LR—was chosen for this study. According to our results, phthalocyanines are able to degrade 61,5% of microcystins within a 48-hour incubation (38% of microcystins was degraded after 24 h and 24% after 12 h of incubation). Although other oxidants like hydrogen peroxide or ozone are able to degrade microcystins within several hours, we assume that by optimizing the spectrum emitted by light source and by changing the absorption characteristics of Pcs, microcystins degradation by phthalocyanines could be more effective in the near future.

Electronically Excited State Formation

1994 ◽  
pp. 384-399
Author(s):  
Enrique Cadenas ◽  
Cecilia Giulivi ◽  
Fulvio Ursini ◽  
Alberto Boveris
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
State Formation ◽  
Electronically Excited State ◽  
Electronically Excited

Organic photochemistry. XXVII. Electronically excited state structures

1967 ◽  
Vol 89 (25) ◽  
pp. 6589-6595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard E. Zimmerman ◽  
Roger W. Binkley ◽  
John J. McCullough ◽  
Gary A. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Electronically Excited State ◽  
Organic Photochemistry ◽  
Electronically Excited
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