scholarly journals Towards Polymeric Nanoparticles with Multiple Magnetic Patches

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Elham Yammine ◽  
Laurent Adumeau ◽  
Maher Abboud ◽  
Stéphane Mornet ◽  
Michel Nakhl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Simple Strategy ◽  
Patchy Particles ◽  
Optimal Surface ◽  
Magnetic Silica ◽  
Silica Encapsulation

Fabricating future materials by self-assembly of nano-building blocks programmed to generate specific lattices is among the most challenging goals of nanotechnology and has led to the recent concept of patchy particles. We report here a simple strategy to fabricate polystyrene nanoparticles with several silica patches based on the solvent-induced self-assembly of silica/polystyrene monopods. The latter are obtained with morphological yields as high as 99% by seed-growth emulsion polymerization of styrene in the presence of 100 nm silica seeds previously modified with an optimal surface density of methacryloxymethyl groups. In addition, we fabricate “magnetic” silica seeds by silica encapsulation of preformed maghemite supraparticles. The polystyrene pod, i.e., surface nodule, serves as a sticky point when the monopods are incubated in a bad/good solvent mixture for polystyrene, e.g., ethanol/tetrahydrofuran mixtures. After self-assembly, mixtures of particles with two, three, four silica or magnetic silica patches are mainly obtained. The influence of experimental parameters such as the ethanol/tetrahydrofuran volume ratio, monopod concentration and incubation time is studied. Further developments would consist of obtaining pure batches by centrifugal sorting and optimizing the relative position of the patches in conventional repulsion figures.

Surfactant-free polymeric nanoparticles composed of PEG, cholic acid and a sucrose moiety

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (25) ◽  
pp. 3946-3955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina I. C. Crucho ◽  
M. Teresa Barros
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cholic Acid ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Amphiphilic Polymers ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Nanoprecipitation Method ◽  
Drug Delivery Applications

New amphiphilic polymers synthesized from a sucrose-containing conjugate exhibited interesting self-assembly properties in water. Owing to their amphiphilic characteristics polymeric nanoparticles were prepared by a nanoprecipitation method without any surfactants. These nanoparticles formulated with biocompatible building blocks can be considered a potential candidate for drug delivery applications.

scholarly journals Mono-patchy zwitterionic microcolloids as building blocks for pH-controlled self-assembly

Soft Matter ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2430-2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Naderi Mehr ◽  
Dmitry Grigoriev ◽  
Nikolay Puretskiy ◽  
Alexander Böker
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Free Surfaces ◽  
Patchy Particles ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Oppositely Charged ◽  
Ph Controlled

Not only in theory but also experimentally, mono-patchy particles can be self-assembled via pH-controlled electrostatic attractions between their oppositely charged patchy and patch-free surfaces.

scholarly journals Patchy Nanoparticle Synthesis and Self-Assembly

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahyoung Kim ◽  
Lehan Yao ◽  
Falon Kalutantirige ◽  
Shan Zhou ◽  
Qian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Patchy Particles ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Directional Bonding ◽  
Patchy Nanoparticles ◽  
Assembly Pathways ◽  
Physical Principles

Biological building blocks (i.e., proteins) are encoded with the information of target structure into the chemical and morphological patches, guiding their assembly into the levels of functional structures that are crucial for living organisms. Learning from nature, researchers have been attracted to the artificial analogues, “patchy particles,” which have controlled geometries of patches that serve as directional bonding sites. However, unlike the abundant studies of micron-scale patchy particles, which demonstrated complex assembly structures and unique behaviors attributed to the patches, research on patchy nanoparticles (NPs) has remained challenging. In the present chapter, we discuss the recent understandings on patchy NP design and synthesis strategies, and physical principles of their assembly behaviors, which are the main factors to program patchy NP self-assembly into target structures that cannot be achieved by conventional non-patched NPs. We further summarize the self-assembly of patchy NPs under external fields, in simulation, and in kinetically controlled assembly pathways, to show the structural richness patchy NPs bring. The patchy NP assembly is novel by their structures as well as the multicomponent features, and thus exhibits unique optical, chemical, and mechanical properties, potentially aiding applications in catalysts, photonic crystals, and metamaterials as well as fundamental nanoscience.

scholarly journals α-Cyclodextrin-Based Polypseudorotaxane Hydrogels

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Domiński ◽  
Tomasz Konieczny ◽  
Piotr Kurcok
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Noncovalent Bonds ◽  
Significant Attention

Supramolecular hydrogels that are based on inclusion complexes between α-cyclodextrin and (co)polymers have gained significant attention over the last decade. They are formed via dynamic noncovalent bonds, such as host–guest interactions and hydrogen bonds, between various building blocks. In contrast to typical chemical crosslinking (covalent linkages), supramolecular crosslinking is a type of physical interaction that is characterized by great flexibility and it can be used with ease to create a variety of “smart” hydrogels. Supramolecular hydrogels based on the self-assembly of polypseudorotaxanes formed by a polymer chain “guest” and α-cyclodextrin “host” are promising materials for a wide range of applications. α-cyclodextrin-based polypseudorotaxane hydrogels are an attractive platform for engineering novel functional materials due to their excellent biocompatibility, thixotropic nature, and reversible and stimuli-responsiveness properties. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current progress in the chemistry and methods of designing and creating α-cyclodextrin-based supramolecular polypseudorotaxane hydrogels. In the described systems, the guests are (co)polymer chains with various architectures or polymeric nanoparticles. The potential applications of such supramolecular hydrogels are also described.

scholarly journals Mikto-Arm Stars as Soft-Patchy Particles: From Building Blocks to Mesoscopic Structures

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1114
Author(s):  
Petra Bačová ◽  
Dimitris G. Mintis ◽  
Eirini Gkolfi ◽  
Vagelis Harmandaris
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Model System ◽  
The Self ◽  
Mutual Orientation ◽  
Patchy Particles ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
The Individual

We present an atomistic molecular dynamics study of self-assembled mikto-arm stars, which resemble patchy-like particles. By increasing the number of stars in the system, we propose a systematic way of examining the mutual orientation of these fully penetrable patchy-like objects. The individual stars maintain their patchy-like morphology when creating a mesoscopic (macromolecular) self-assembled object of more than three stars. The self-assembly of mikto-arm stars does not lead to a deformation of the stars, and their shape remains spherical. We identified characteristic sub-units in the self-assembled structure, differing by the mutual orientation of the nearest neighbor stars. The current work aims to elucidate the possible arrangements of the realistic, fully penetrable patchy particles in polymer matrix and to serve as a model system for further studies of nanostructured materials or all-polymer nanocomposites using the mikto-arm stars as building blocks.

scholarly journals Assembly of a Patchy Protein into Variable 2D Lattices via Tunable, Multiscale Interactions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
Robert Alberstein ◽  
James De Yoreo ◽  
F. Akif Tezcan
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Synthetic Strategy ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks ◽  
Multiple Length Scales ◽  
Scale Properties ◽  
Bulk Scale ◽  
Tunable Interactions

Self-assembly of molecular building blocks into higher-order structures is exploited in living systems to create functional complexity and represents a powerful synthetic strategy for constructing new materials. As nanoscale building blocks, proteins offer unique advantages, including monodispersity and atomically tunable interactions. Yet, control of protein self-assembly has been limited compared to that of inorganic or polymeric nanoparticles, which lack such attributes. We report modular self-assembly of an engineered protein into four physicochemically distinct, precisely patterned 2D crystals via control of four classes of interactions acting locally, regionally and globally. We relate the resulting structures to the underlying free-energy landscape by combining in-situ atomic force microscopy observations of assembly with thermodynamic analyses of protein-protein and -surface interactions. Our results demonstrate rich phase behavior obtainable from a single, highly-patchy protein when interactions acting over multiple length scales are exploited and predict new bulk-scale properties for protein based materials that ensue from such control.<div> </div>

scholarly journals Spatially Ordered Arrays of Colloidal Inorganic Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals via Controlled Droplet Evaporation in a Confined Geometry

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6824
Author(s):  
Kwan Lee ◽  
Jonghyun Moon ◽  
Jeonghwa Jeong ◽  
Suck Won Hong
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Metal Halide ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Perovskite Nanocrystals ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Simple Strategy ◽  
Metal Halide Perovskite ◽  
Halide Perovskite ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Inorganic metal halide perovskite nanocrystals, such as quantum dots (QDs), have emerged as intriguing building blocks for miniaturized light-emitting and optoelectronic devices. Although conventional lithographic approaches and printing techniques allow for discrete patterning at the micro/nanoscale, it is still important to utilize intrinsic QDs with the concomitant retaining of physical and chemical stability during the fabrication process. Here, we report a simple strategy for the evaporative self-assembly to produce highly ordered structures of CsPbBr3 and CsPbI3 QDs on a substrate in a precisely controllable manner by using a capillary-bridged restrict geometry. Quantum confined CsPbBr3 and CsPbI3 nanocrystals, synthesized via a modified hot-injection method with excess halide ions condition, were readily adapted to prepare colloidal QD solutions. Subsequently, the spatially patterned arrays of the perovskite QD rings were crafted in a confirmed geometry with high fidelity by spontaneous solvent evaporation. These self-organized concentric rings were systemically characterized regarding the center-to-center distance, width, and height of the patterns. Our results not only facilitate a fundamental understanding of assembly in the perovskite QDs to enable the solution-printing process but also provide a simple route for offering promising practical applications in optoelectronics.

scholarly journals Assembly of a Patchy Protein into Variable 2D Lattices via Tunable, Multiscale Interactions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
Robert Alberstein ◽  
James De Yoreo ◽  
F. Akif Tezcan
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Synthetic Strategy ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks ◽  
Multiple Length Scales ◽  
Scale Properties ◽  
Bulk Scale ◽  
Tunable Interactions

Self-assembly of molecular building blocks into higher-order structures is exploited in living systems to create functional complexity and represents a powerful synthetic strategy for constructing new materials. As nanoscale building blocks, proteins offer unique advantages, including monodispersity and atomically tunable interactions. Yet, control of protein self-assembly has been limited compared to that of inorganic or polymeric nanoparticles, which lack such attributes. We report modular self-assembly of an engineered protein into four physicochemically distinct, precisely patterned 2D crystals via control of four classes of interactions acting locally, regionally and globally. We relate the resulting structures to the underlying free-energy landscape by combining in-situ atomic force microscopy observations of assembly with thermodynamic analyses of protein-protein and -surface interactions. Our results demonstrate rich phase behavior obtainable from a single, highly-patchy protein when interactions acting over multiple length scales are exploited and predict new bulk-scale properties for protein based materials that ensue from such control.<div> </div>

scholarly journals Compatible organic and natural solvent mixture of synthesising biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 2080 (1) ◽  
pp. 012028
Author(s):  
R. Othman ◽  
G.K. Mun ◽  
N. Sinnathamby ◽  
S. C. B. Gopinanth ◽  
E. Ekanem
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Ethyl Lactate ◽  
Solubility Parameters ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Hansen Solubility Parameters ◽  
Model Interaction

Abstract The Flory-Huggins model interaction explained the compatibility and extent of polymer dissolution in selected solvent mixtures via Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSP). Metastable zone where nucleation of NPs would start was determined by the solvent mixture – polymer – water interaction. Simulation results explained that the combination of acetone-chloroform (0.20:0.80) was better than acetone-ethyl lactate (0.40:0.60) for PCL solvation while ethyl lactate-dimethyl sulfoxide (0.60:0.40) was better for PLA solvation as compared to ethyl lactate-acetone (0.80:0.20). Nanoprecipitation with aqueous to organic volume ratio of 10 was used to prepare the biodegradable PCL nanoparticles for experimental validation. The organic phase was 1 g L−1 PCL in solvents or solvent mixtures and the antisolvent was deionized (DI) water. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) were used to examine the morphology and size of nanoparticles formed. Results showed that the acetone-chloroform with volume fraction of 0.20 to 0.80 was the best solvent mixture for PCL in producing NPs with the mean size less than 100 nm. Solvent mixture proved by numerical simulation and experimental validation, able to enhance the affinity of polymer (PCL or PLA) for water to produce nanoparticles with much smaller size.

Factors Affecting Molecular Self-Assembly and Its Mechanism

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hueyling Tan
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Molecular Engineering ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dna Structures ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Wide Range

Molecular self-assembly is ubiquitous in nature and has emerged as a new approach to produce new materials in chemistry, engineering, nanotechnology, polymer science and materials. Molecular self-assembly has been attracting increasing interest from the scientific community in recent years due to its importance in understanding biology and a variety of diseases at the molecular level. In the last few years, considerable advances have been made in the use ofpeptides as building blocks to produce biological materials for wide range of applications, including fabricating novel supra-molecular structures and scaffolding for tissue repair. The study ofbiological self-assembly systems represents a significant advancement in molecular engineering and is a rapidly growing scientific and engineering field that crosses the boundaries ofexisting disciplines. Many self-assembling systems are rangefrom bi- andtri-block copolymers to DNA structures as well as simple and complex proteins andpeptides. The ultimate goal is to harness molecular self-assembly such that design andcontrol ofbottom-up processes is achieved thereby enabling exploitation of structures developed at the meso- and macro-scopic scale for the purposes oflife and non-life science applications. Such aspirations can be achievedthrough understanding thefundamental principles behind the selforganisation and self-synthesis processes exhibited by biological systems.

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