Abstract
Hard turning with CBN and ceramic inserts is commonly regarded as a cost-effective alternative to grinding. However, there have been few studies comparing hard turning with low-cost carbide tools to high-cost CBN and ceramic cutting tools. However, when it comes to the usage of cutting coolant during severe turning, there are mixed outcomes. In this study, a PVD-coated TiSiN-TiAlN carbide tool was used to hard turn AISI 52100 steel in a dry and MQL environment. Through multi-objective optimization, a comparative assessment in terms of surface roughness, cutting force, and tool life under various cutting settings is provided. In terms of three components of cutting force, surface roughness, and tool life, mathematical models were constructed to forecast and improve machining performance. Under both dry and MQL conditions, the study discovered an optimal cutting speed of 108 m/min, a feed value of 0.09 mm/rev, and a depth of cut of 0.16 mm. Under MQL, hard turning produced optimal surface roughness and tool life of 0.88 m and 64 minutes, respectively. In comparison to hard turning under dry cutting, the optimal surface roughness was 1.07 m and the tool life was 49 minutes. Under MQL, tool life increased by over 31%, according to the findings of the experiments. Under dry and MQL conditions, however, no significant differences in cutting forces and surface roughness were identified.