scholarly journals Recent Developments in Lanthanide-Doped Alkaline Earth Aluminate Phosphors with Enhanced and Long-Persistent Luminescence

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 723
Author(s):  
Doory Kim
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Lanthanide Ions ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Luminescent Materials ◽  
Persistent Luminescence ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Developments

Lanthanide-activated alkaline earth aluminate phosphors are excellent luminescent materials that are designed to overcome the limitations of conventional sulfide-based phosphors. The increasing research attention on these phosphors over the past decade has led to a drastic improvement in their phosphorescence efficiencies and resulted in a wide variety of phosphorescence colors, which can facilitate applications in various areas. This review article discusses the development of lanthanide-activated alkaline earth aluminate phosphors with a focus on the various synthesis methods, persistent luminescence mechanisms, activator and coactivator effects, and the effects of compositions. Particular attention has been devoted to alkaline earth aluminate phosphors that are extensively used, such as strontium-, calcium-, and barium-based aluminates. The role of lanthanide ions as activators and coactivators in phosphorescence emissions was also emphasized. Finally, we address recent techniques involving nanomaterial engineering that have also produced lanthanide-activated alkaline earth aluminate phosphors with long-persistent luminescence.

scholarly journals Forensic Medicine: A Synopsis of the Past, Present and a Glimpse into the Future Scenarios

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
S. R. Hulathduwa
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Forensic Pathology ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Clinical Forensic Medicine ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Present Role

Forensic medicine is the science (as well as the art) of applying medical knowledge, skills (and perhaps even the attitudes) to assist in the process of execution of justice. Forensic medicine is broadly divided into clinical forensic medicine and forensic pathology though the boundaries between the two are merging. Forensic pathology is not a pure science as it is nurtured by many other sciences, sociological/criminological disciplines and law. The principle role of forensic pathology today is to deal with numerous medico-legal issues pertaining to all forms of deaths. To achieve this, the principle approach of forensic pathology today in most of the institutions globally is conducting a standard autopsy. In this review article, we expect to discuss the  historical development of forensic pathology up to what it is today, its present role and scope as well as the predictable future of forensic pathology with the recent developments of technology.

Wilfred Ethier. Modern International Economics. New York: W. W. Norton and Company. 1983. xviii + 588 pp.

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-83
Author(s):  
Nadeem A. Burney
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
New York ◽  
Economic Theory ◽  
International Economics ◽  
International Monetary System ◽  
International Markets ◽  
The Past ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
Recent Developments

Its been long recognized that various economies of the world are interlinked through international trade. The experience of the past several years, however, has demonstrated that this economic interdependence is far greater than was previously realized. In this context, the importance of international economic theory as an area distinct from general economics hardly needs any mentioning. What gives international economic theory this distinction is international markets for some goods and effects of national sovereignty on the character of economic activity. Wilfred Ethier's book, which incorporates recent developments in the field, is an excellent addition to textbooks on international economics for one- or twosemester undergraduate courses. The book mostly covers standard topics. A distinguishing feature of this book is its detailed analysis of the flexible exchange rates and a discussion of the various approaches used for their determination. Within each chapter, the author has extensively used facts, figures and major events to clarify the concepts in the light of the theoretical framework. The book also discusses, in a fair amount of detail, the existing international monetary system and the role of various international organizations.

Party Patronage in Contemporary Europe

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Kopecký ◽  
Gerardo Scherlis
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Party Politics ◽  
European Countries ◽  
European Politics ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Relevant Feature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Developments

Party patronage is generally associated with social, economic and political underdevelopment, and is hence seen as largely irrelevant in the context of contemporary European politics. In this article, we argue to the contrary, proposing that patronage reappears on the stage of European politics as a critical organizational and governmental resource employed by political parties to enhance their standing as semi-state agencies of government. In order to illustrate our main contention, we first define party patronage, disentangling it from other notions of political particularism that are often used synonymously in the literature. Second, we provide a brief overview of the literature on the past and present of patronage practices in Europe, arguing that rather than declining, patronage is still likely to be a relevant feature of contemporary party politics in Europe. Finally, we analyse the role of party patronage in the light of recent developments in several European countries, identifying three distinct patterns of patronage practices in the region.

Technological Change and Financial Innovation in Banking

2019 ◽  
pp. 261-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Scott Frame ◽  
Larry Wall ◽  
Lawrence J. White
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Financial Innovation ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
New Production ◽  
Financial Innovations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
New Organizational Forms ◽  
Recent Developments

Financial intermediation has changed dramatically over the past thirty years, due in large part to technological change. The chapter first describes the role of the financial system in a modern economy and how technological change and financial innovation can affect social welfare. We then survey the empirical literature relating to several specific financial innovations, broadly categorized as new production processes, new products or services, or new organizational forms. In each case, we also include examples of significant FinTech innovations that are transforming various aspects of banking. Drawing on the literature on innovations from the 1990s and 2000s informs what we might expect from recent developments.

scholarly journals Recent Developments in the Use of Glyconanoparticles and Related Quantum Dots for the Detection of Lectins, Viruses, Bacteria and Cancer Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro J. Hernando ◽  
Simone Dedola ◽  
María J. Marín ◽  
Robert A. Field
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Semiconductor Quantum Dots ◽  
The Past ◽  
Coated Nanoparticles ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Protein Toxins ◽  
Silicon Based

Carbohydrate-coated nanoparticles—glyconanoparticles—are finding increased interest as tools in biomedicine. This compilation, mainly covering the past five years, comprises the use of gold, silver and ferrite (magnetic) nanoparticles, silicon-based and cadmium-based quantum dots. Applications in the detection of lectins/protein toxins, viruses and bacteria are covered, as well as advances in detection of cancer cells. The role of the carbohydrate moieties in stabilising nanoparticles and providing selectivity in bioassays is discussed, the issue of cytotoxicity encountered in some systems, especially semiconductor quantum dots, is also considered. Efforts to overcome the latter problem by using other types of nanoparticles, based on gold or silicon, are also presented.

Making sense of Lanthanide Luminescence

2005 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martinus H.V. Werts
Keyword(s):  
Lanthanide Complexes ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Lanthanide Ions ◽  
Luminescent Materials ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Trivalent Lanthanide ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of

The luminescence of trivalent lanthanide ions has found applications in lighting, lasers, optical telecommunications, medical diagnostics, and various other fields. This introductory review presents the basics of organic and inorganic luminescent materials containing lanthanide ions, their applications, and some recent developments. After a brief history of the discovery, purification and early spectroscopic studies of the lanthanides, the radiative and nonradiative transitions of the 4f electrons in lanthanide ions are discussed. Lanthanide-doped phosphors, glasses and crystals as well as luminescent lanthanide complexes with organic ligands receive attention with respect to their preparation and their applications. Finally, two recent developments in the field of luminescent materials are addressed: near-infrared luminescent lanthanide complexes and lanthanide-doped nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Oude waarheden - Over de terugkeer van de klassieke oudheid in de verlichtingshistoriografie

2014 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-246
Author(s):  
Wyger R.E. Velema
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
The Many

Since the publication of Peter Gay’s The Enlightenment: An Interpretation, scholarly interest in the classical presence in Enlightenment culture has waned. Over the past decade, however, this topic has returned to center stage. This review article discusses the ways in which recent research has contributed to the rediscovery of the classical past in the Enlightenment. It starts with an evaluation of the current reinterpretation of the Querelle des anciens et des modernes, continues with an overview of recent scholarship on the various intellectual and institutional environments in which knowledge of the classical past was acquired and transmitted, and ends with a discussion of the crucial role of the ancient world in eighteenth-century historiography and political thought. In its conclusion the article draws attention to the many ways in which recent scholarship on the eighteenth-century reception of the classics has broken new ground. It also argues that the ‘classical turn in Enlightenment studies’ is still unjustifiably neglected in general interpretations of the Enlightenment.

scholarly journals Small Is Beautiful: Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Their Role in Growth, Development, and Cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (33) ◽  
pp. 4985-4995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Maki
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Epithelial Cancers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Cell Signaling Pathways ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factors

Insulin-like growth factors were discovered more than 50 years ago as mediators of growth hormone that effect growth and differentiation of bone and skeletal muscle. Interest of the role of insulin-like growth factors in cancer reached a peak in the 1990s, and then waned until the availability in the past 5 years of monoclonal antibodies and small molecules that block the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor. In this article, we review the history of insulin-like growth factors and their role in growth, development, organism survival, and in cancer, both epithelial cancers and sarcomas. Recent developments regarding phase I to II clinical trials of such agents are discussed, as well as potential studies to consider in the future, given the lack of efficacy of one such monoclonal antibody in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy in a first-line study in metastatic non–small-cell lung adenocarcinoma. Greater success with these agents clinically is expected when combining the agents with inhibitors of other cell signaling pathways in which cross-resistance has been observed.

New role of Yb3+ — energy reservoir for lanthanide upconversion luminescence

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xu ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Ziwen Zhou ◽  
Xianhao Sun ◽  
Isam Uddinbannu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upconversion Luminescence ◽  
Lanthanide Ions ◽  
Energy Harvest ◽  
Luminescent Materials

Thus far, Yb3+ usually serves as sensitizer to improve the energy harvest in lanthanide ions based luminescent materials. Herein, besides the well accepted character as sensitizer, we revealed a new...

Research Policy and Review 9. A Space for Place (or a Place for Space) in British Psephology: A Review of Recent Writings with Especial Reference to the General Election of 1983

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
R J Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Review Article ◽  
General Election ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Voting Decisions

In most psephological writings in Britain only scant regard is paid to the role of place as a context in which political attitudes are learned and voting decisions are made. As a result, it is implied that Britain has a spatially uniform political culture, one that is not in line with the ‘facts’. In this review article the development of that attitude is traced and linked to the reliance on survey data. Works on the 1983 General Election are reviewed to show how the influence of place is far from fully integrated with most explanatory accounts. It is necessary, it is argued, for British psephologists to become aware of recent developments in social theory and the attempts to produce a holistic social science in which place has a central position.

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