scholarly journals Integrated Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies in Lateral Flow Tests for Personalized Medicine Applications

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2362
Author(s):  
Lucia Napione
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Patient Monitoring ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lateral Flow Tests

The goal of personalized medicine is to target the right treatments to the right patients at the right time. Patients with a variety of cancers and other complex diseases are regularly tested as part of patient care, enabling physicians to personalize patient monitoring and treatment. Among the sought-after diagnostic tools, there is an increasing interest and need for those based on a low-cost, easy, rapid, and accurate method for the detection of specific circulating biomarkers above a detection threshold. Lateral flow tests (LFTs), enhanced by nanotechnology, can fulfil these requirements, providing a significant support to personalized patient monitoring. In this review, after a short historical synopsis of membrane-based lateral flow assays, including a description of a typical configuration of a LFT strip, a careful collection is presented of the best characterized nanotechnology approaches previously reported for the enhancement of target detection performance. The attempt is to offer an overview of currently integrated nanotechnologies in LFTs, fostering the actual future development of advantageous diagnostic devices for patient monitoring.

scholarly journals Integrating high-performing electrochemical transducers in lateral flow assay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Perju ◽  
Nongnoot Wongkaew
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Analytical Performance ◽  
Label Free ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays ◽  
Electrochemical Transducers

AbstractLateral flow assays (LFAs) are the best-performing and best-known point-of-care tests worldwide. Over the last decade, they have experienced an increasing interest by researchers towards improving their analytical performance while maintaining their robust assay platform. Commercially, visual and optical detection strategies dominate, but it is especially the research on integrating electrochemical (EC) approaches that may have a chance to significantly improve an LFA’s performance that is needed in order to detect analytes reliably at lower concentrations than currently possible. In fact, EC-LFAs offer advantages in terms of quantitative determination, low-cost, high sensitivity, and even simple, label-free strategies. Here, the various configurations of EC-LFAs published are summarized and critically evaluated. In short, most of them rely on applying conventional transducers, e.g., screen-printed electrode, to ensure reliability of the assay, and additional advances are afforded by the beneficial features of nanomaterials. It is predicted that these will be further implemented in EC-LFAs as high-performance transducers. Considering the low cost of point-of-care devices, it becomes even more important to also identify strategies that efficiently integrate nanomaterials into EC-LFAs in a high-throughput manner while maintaining their favorable analytical performance.

Smart Nanodevices for Point-of-Care Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajasekhar Chokkareddy ◽  
Suvardhan Kanchi ◽  
Inamuddin
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Patient Monitoring ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Current State ◽  
Rural Patients ◽  
Diagnosis Of Diseases

Background: While significant strides have been made to avoid mortality during the treatment of chronic diseases, it is still one of the biggest health-care challenges that have a profound effect on humanity. The development of specific, sensitive, accurate, quick, low-cost, and easy-to-use diagnostic tools is therefore still in urgent demand. Nanodiagnostics is defined as the application of nanotechnology to medical diagnostics that can offer many unique opportunities for more successful and efficient diagnosis and treatment for infectious diseases. Methods: In this review we provide an overview of infectious disease using nanodiagnostics platforms based on nanoparticles, nanodevices for point-of-care (POC) applications. Results: Current state-of-the-art and most promising nanodiagnostics POC technologies, including miniaturized diagnostic tools, nanorobotics and drug delivery systems have been fully examined for the diagnosis of diseases. It also addresses the drawbacks, problems and potential developments of nanodiagnostics in POC applications for chronic diseases. Conclusions: While progress is gaining momentum in this field and many researchers have dedicated their time in developing new smart nanodevices for POC applications for various chronic diseases, the ultimate aim of achieving longterm, reliable and continuous patient monitoring has not yet been achieved. Moreover, the applicability of the manufactured nanodevices to rural patients for on-site diagnosis, cost, and usability are the crucial aspects that require more research, improvements, and potential testing stations. Therefore, more research is needed to develop the demonstrated smart nanodevices and upgrade their applicability to hospitals away from the laboratories.

scholarly journals Oligonucleotide-templated lateral flow assays for amplification-free sensing of circulating microRNAs

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (83) ◽  
pp. 12451-12454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraj Pavagada ◽  
Robert B. Channon ◽  
Jason Y. H. Chang ◽  
Sung Hye Kim ◽  
David MacIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Early Prediction ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays

Low-cost detection of miRNA biomarkers from maternal blood is achieved via a highly sequence-specific templated reaction on nitrocellulose paper strips to enable early prediction of preterm birth in a minimally invasive manner.

scholarly journals Further Evidence of Inadequate Quality in Lateral Flow Devices Commercially Offered for the Diagnosis of Rabies

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Klein ◽  
Anna Fahrion ◽  
Stefan Finke ◽  
Marina Eyngor ◽  
Shiri Novak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
The One ◽  
Flow Devices

As a neglected zoonotic disease, rabies causes approximately 5.9 × 104 human deaths annually, primarily affecting low- and middle-income countries in Asia and Africa. In those regions, insufficient surveillance is hampering adequate medical intervention and is driving the vicious cycle of neglect. Where resources to provide laboratory disease confirmation are limited, there is a need for user-friendly and low-cost reliable diagnostic tools that do not rely on specialized laboratory facilities. Lateral flow devices (LFD) offer an alternative to conventional diagnostic methods and may strengthen control efforts in low-resource settings. Five different commercially available LFDs were compared in a multi-centered study with respect to their diagnostic sensitivity and their agreement with standard rabies diagnostic techniques. Our evaluation was conducted by several international reference laboratories using a broad panel of samples. The overall sensitivities ranged from 0% up to 62%, depending on the LFD manufacturer, with substantial variation between the different laboratories. Samples with high antigen content and high relative viral load tended to test positive more often in the Anigen/Bionote test, the latter being the one with the best performance. Still, the overall unsatisfactory findings corroborate a previous study and indicate a persistent lack of appropriate test validation and quality control. At present, the tested kits are not suitable for in-field use for rabies diagnosis, especially not for suspect animals where human contact has been identified, as an incorrect negative diagnosis may result in human casualties. This study points out the discrepancy between the enormous need for such a diagnostic tool on the one hand, and on the other hand, a number of already existing tests that are not yet ready for use.

scholarly journals Electrospun Polycaprolactone Nanofibers as a Reaction Membrane for Lateral Flow Assay

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee Yew ◽  
Pedram Azari ◽  
Jane Choi ◽  
Farina Muhamad ◽  
Belinda Pingguan-Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays

Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers have emerged as a promising material in diverse biomedical applications due to their various favorable features. However, their application in the field of biosensors such as point-of-care lateral flow assays (LFA) has not been investigated. The present study demonstrates the use of electrospun PCL nanofibers as a reaction membrane for LFA. Electrospun PCL nanofibers were treated with NaOH solution for different concentrations and durations to achieve a desirable flow rate and optimum detection sensitivity in nucleic acid-based LFA. It was observed that the concentration of NaOH does not affect the physical properties of nanofibers, including average fiber diameter, average pore size and porosity. However, interestingly, a significant reduction of the water contact angle was observed due to the generation of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the nanofibers, which increased their hydrophilicity. The optimally treated nanofibers were able to detect synthetic Zika viral DNA (as a model analyte) sensitively with a detection limit of 0.5 nM. Collectively, the benefits such as low-cost of fabrication, ease of modification, porous nanofibrous structures and tunability of flow rate make PCL nanofibers a versatile alternative to nitrocellulose membrane in LFA applications. This material offers tremendous potential for a broad range of point-of-care applications.

scholarly journals Engineering luminescent biosensors for point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna K. Elledge ◽  
Xin X. Zhou ◽  
James R. Byrnes ◽  
Alexander J. Martinko ◽  
Irene Lui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Antibody Tests ◽  
Split Luciferase

Current serology tests for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies mainly take the form of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or lateral flow assays, with the former being laborious and the latter being expensive and often lacking sufficient sensitivity and scalability. Here we present the development and validation of a rapid, low-cost solution-based assay to detect antibodies in serum, plasma, whole blood, and saliva, using rationally designed split luciferase antibody biosensors (spLUC). This new assay, which generates quantitative results in as short as 5 minutes, substantially reduces the complexity and improves the scalability of COVID-19 antibody tests for point-of-care and broad population testing.

Improving Lateral Flow Assay Performance Using Computational Modeling

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gasperino ◽  
Ted Baughman ◽  
Helen V. Hsieh ◽  
David Bell ◽  
Bernhard H. Weigl
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Health Care Practices ◽  
Assay Performance ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays ◽  
Global Health Care ◽  
Underlying Processes

The performance, field utility, and low cost of lateral flow assays (LFAs) have driven a tremendous shift in global health care practices by enabling diagnostic testing in previously unserved settings. This success has motivated the continued improvement of LFAs through increasingly sophisticated materials and reagents. However, our mechanistic understanding of the underlying processes that drive the informed design of these systems has not received commensurate attention. Here, we review the principles underpinning LFAs and the historical evolution of theory to predict their performance. As this theory is integrated into computational models and becomes testable, the criteria for quantifying performance and validating predictive power are critical. The integration of computational design with LFA development offers a promising and coherent framework to choose from an increasing number of novel materials, techniques, and reagents to deliver the low-cost, high-fidelity assays of the future.

scholarly journals Lateral flow assays

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna M. Koczula ◽  
Andrea Gallotta
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Environmental Sciences ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Portable Detection ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Interpretation Of Results

Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are the technology behind low-cost, simple, rapid and portable detection devices popular in biomedicine, agriculture, food and environmental sciences. This review presents an overview of the principle of the method and the critical components of the assay, focusing on lateral flow immunoassays. This type of assay has recently attracted considerable interest because of its potential to provide instantaneous diagnosis directly to patients. The range and interpretation of results and parameters used for evaluation of the assay will also be discussed. The main advantages and disadvantages of LFAs will be summarized and relevant future improvements to testing devices and strategies will be proposed. Finally, the major recent advances and future diagnostic applications in the LFA field will be explored.

scholarly journals A Low-Cost, High-Performance System for Fluorescence Lateral Flow Assays

Biosensors ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Lee ◽  
Eric Nordman ◽  
Martin Johnson ◽  
Mark Oldham
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays ◽  
Performance System

scholarly journals Design of Multiplex Lateral Flow Tests: A Case Study for Simultaneous Detection of Three Antibiotics

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiya V. Bartosh ◽  
Dmitriy V. Sotnikov ◽  
Olga D. Hendrickson ◽  
Anatoly V. Zherdev ◽  
Boris B. Dzantiev
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Optimal Location ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Immunochromatographic Test ◽  
Equilibrium Conditions ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays ◽  
Lateral Flow Tests ◽  
The Impact

The presented study is focused on the impact of binding zone location on immunochromatographic test strips on the analytical parameters of multiplex lateral flow assays. Due to non-equilibrium conditions for such assays the duration of immune reactions influences significantly the analytical parameters, and the integration of several analytes into one multiplex strip may cause an essential decrease of sensitivity. To choose the best location for binding zones, we have tested reactants for immunochromatographic assays of lincomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. The influence of the distance to the binding zones on the intensity of coloration and limit of detection (LOD) was rather different. Basing on the data obtained, the best order of binding zones was chosen. In comparison with non-optimal location the LODs were 5–10 fold improved. The final assay provides LODs 0.4, 0.4 and 1.0 ng/mL for lincomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline, respectively. The proposed approach can be applied for multiplexed assays of other analytes.

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