scholarly journals Energy Efficiency for Green Internet of Things (IoT) Networks: A Survey

Network ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-314
Author(s):  
Laith Farhan ◽  
Rasha Subhi Hameed ◽  
Asraa Safaa Ahmed ◽  
Ali Hussein Fadel ◽  
Waled Gheth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Energy Field ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Massive Number ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The last decade has witnessed the rise of the proliferation of Internet-enabled devices. The Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming ever more pervasive in everyday life, connecting an ever-greater array of diverse physical objects. The key vision of the IoT is to bring a massive number of smart devices together in integrated and interconnected heterogeneous networks, making the Internet even more useful. Therefore, this paper introduces a brief introduction to the history and evolution of the Internet. Then, it presents the IoT, which is followed by a list of application domains and enabling technologies. The wireless sensor network (WSN) is revealed as one of the important elements in IoT applications, and the paper describes the relationship between WSNs and the IoT. This research is concerned with developing energy-efficiency techniques for WSNs that enable the IoT. After having identified sources of energy wastage, this paper reviews the literature that discusses the most relevant methods to minimizing the energy exhaustion of IoT and WSNs. We also identify the gaps in the existing literature in terms of energy preservation measures that could be researched and it can be considered in future works. The survey gives a near-complete and up-to-date view of the IoT in the energy field. It provides a summary and recommendations of a large range of energy-efficiency methods proposed in the literature that will help and support future researchers. Please note that the manuscript is an extended version and based on the summary of the Ph.D. thesis. This paper will give to the researchers an introduction to what they need to know and understand about the networks, WSNs, and IoT applications from scratch. Thus, the fundamental purpose of this paper is to introduce research trends and recent work on the use of IoT technology and the conclusion that has been reached as a result of undertaking the Ph.D. study.

scholarly journals Application of IoT in Healthcare: Keys to Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2330
Author(s):  
Ángeles Verdejo Espinosa ◽  
José Luis Lopez Ruiz ◽  
Francisco Mata Mata ◽  
Macarena Espinilla Estevez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Internet Of Things

We live in complex times in the health, social, political, and energy spheres, and we must be aware of and implement new trends in intelligent social health systems powered by the Internet of Things (IoT). Sustainable development, energy efficiency, and public health are interrelated parameters that can transform a system or an environment for the benefit of people and the planet. The integration of sensors and smart devices should promote energy efficiency and ensure that sustainable development goals are met. This work is carried out according to a mixed approach, with a literature review and an analysis of the impact of the Sustainable Development Goals on the applications of the Internet of Things and smart systems. In the analysis of results, the following questions are answered about these systems and applications: (a) Are IoT applications key to the improvement of people’s health and the environment? (b) Are there research and case studies implemented in cities or territories that demonstrate the effectiveness of IoT applications and their benefits to public health? (c) What sustainable development indicators and objectives can be assessed in the applications and projects analyzed?

Internet of Things Testing Framework, Automation, Challenges, Solutions and Practices

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-124
Author(s):  
Karthick G. S. ◽  
Pankajavalli P. B.
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Testing Framework ◽  
The Core ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Device Classification ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The internet of things (IoT) is aimed at modifying the life of people by adopting the possible computing techniques to the physical world, and thus transforming the computing environment from centralized form to decentralized form. Most of the smart devices receive the data from other smart devices over the network and perform actions based on their implemented programs. Thus, testing becomes an intensive process in the IoT that will require some normalization too. The composite architecture of IoT systems and their distinctive characteristics require different variants of testing to be done on the components of IoT systems. This chapter will discuss the necessity for IoT testing in terms of various criteria of identifying and fixing the problems in the IoT systems. In addition, this chapter examines the core components to be focused on IoT testing and testing scope based on IoT device classification. It also elaborates the various types of testing applied on healthcare IoT applications, and finally, this chapter summarizes the various challenges faced during IoT testing.

Internet of Things Testing Framework, Automation, Challenges, Solutions and Practices

2022 ◽  
pp. 571-601
Author(s):  
Karthick G. S. ◽  
Pankajavalli P. B.
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Testing Framework ◽  
The Core ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Device Classification ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The internet of things (IoT) is aimed at modifying the life of people by adopting the possible computing techniques to the physical world, and thus transforming the computing environment from centralized form to decentralized form. Most of the smart devices receive the data from other smart devices over the network and perform actions based on their implemented programs. Thus, testing becomes an intensive process in the IoT that will require some normalization too. The composite architecture of IoT systems and their distinctive characteristics require different variants of testing to be done on the components of IoT systems. This chapter will discuss the necessity for IoT testing in terms of various criteria of identifying and fixing the problems in the IoT systems. In addition, this chapter examines the core components to be focused on IoT testing and testing scope based on IoT device classification. It also elaborates the various types of testing applied on healthcare IoT applications, and finally, this chapter summarizes the various challenges faced during IoT testing.

scholarly journals The embedded framework for securing the Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feroz Khan A.B ◽  
◽  
Anandharaj G ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Security Protocols ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Home Automation ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Entire Network

The smart devices connected on the internet turn to be the internet of things, which connect other objects or devices through unique identifiers with the capability of transferring and receiving the information over the internet. There are numerous applications in different areas such as healthcare, home automation, transportation, military, agriculture, and still so many sectors that incorporate cutting-edge technologies of communication, networking, cloud computing, sensing, and actuation. With this huge increase in the number of connected devices, a strong security mechanism is required to protect the IoT devices. Hence, it is required to focus on the challenges and issues of IoT enabled applications to safeguard the entire network from the outside invasion. This paper discusses some of the challenges in building IoT applications, a detailed study of the existing security protocols, and its issues, and the potential of the IoT.

scholarly journals ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A SERVICE IN DISTRIBUTED MULTI ACCESS EDGE COMPUTING ON 5G EXTRACTING DATA USING IOT AND INCLUDING AR/VR FOR REAL-TIME REPORTING

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 912-931
Author(s):  
Pavan Madduru
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Virtual Machines ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
The Internet Of Things

To meet the growing demand for mobile data traffic and the stringent requirements for Internet of Things (IoT) applications in emerging cities such as smart cities, healthcare, augmented / virtual reality (AR / VR), fifth-generation assistive technologies generation (5G) Suggest and use on the web. As a major emerging 5G technology and a major driver of the Internet of Things, Multiple Access Edge Computing (MEC), which integrates telecommunications and IT services, provides cloud computing capabilities at the edge of an access network. wireless (RAN). By providing maximum compute and storage resources, MEC can reduce end-user latency. Therefore, in this article we will take a closer look at 5G MEC and the Internet of Things. Analyze the main functions of MEC in 5G and IoT environments. It offers several core technologies that enable the use of MEC in 5G and IoT, such as cloud computing, SDN / NFV, information-oriented networks, virtual machines (VMs) and containers, smart devices, shared networks and computing offload. This article also provides an overview of MEC's ​​role in 5G and IoT, a detailed introduction to MEC-enabled 5G and IoT applications, and future perspectives for MEC integration with 5G and IoT. Additionally, this article will take a closer look at the MEC research challenges and unresolved issues around 5G and the Internet of Things. Finally, we propose a use case that MEC uses to obtain advanced intelligence in IoT scenarios.

Advancing Personal Learning Using the Internet of Things

2020 ◽  
pp. 1733-1749
Author(s):  
Barbara Truman ◽  
Jaclyn M. Truman
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Personal Learning ◽  
Diverse Communities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Unique Ability

Personal learning is a unique ability and requires self-determination to master. Personal learning also involves constructing representational learning artifacts that are used across life into work and society. Using avatars to foster identity within collaborative virtual environments (CVEs) can represent expressions of selfhood useful for participating in diverse communities. The Internet of Things (IoT) provides a spectrum of emerging technologies that can connect physical and virtual world activities resulting in new realms of human-computer abilities. Interconnected smart devices automate services and provide timely information resulting in safety, security, and efficiencies, especially for vulnerable populations such as persons with disabilities. The relationship is explored when IoT applications are combined with use of CVEs, avatars, and a discipline of presencing. Inclusivity becomes probable. Future research is described how individuals, organizations, and communities can be impacted by personal learning influenced by the inevitable growth of IoT and virtual learning.

scholarly journals Compression Studies on LoRa Antenna Design for IoT Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-201
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Long Range Communication

In this paper, a review on the LoRa antenna design for IoT application is studied. The expansion of the Internet of Things ( IoT) has led the industry to develop new communication solutions, as current protocols are inadequate in terms of scope and energy efficiency to satisfy IoT requirements. Before studying antenna design, some background LoRa and IoT were discussed at beginning of the paper. LoRaWAN is an open LPWAN standard developed by LoRa Alliance and has main characteristics such as low energy consumption, long-range communication, builtin protection and GPS-free positioning. Besides, a comparison according to the method, resonance frequency, material, size of the antenna and the output is shown in the form of table. In addition, the strength and the weakness of each of the antenna design were discussed before the end of the paper.

Advancing Personal Learning Using the Internet of Things

2017 ◽  
pp. 240-256
Author(s):  
Barbara Truman ◽  
Jaclyn M. Truman
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Personal Learning ◽  
Diverse Communities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Unique Ability

Personal learning is a unique ability and requires self-determination to master. Personal learning also involves constructing representational learning artifacts that are used across life into work and society. Using avatars to foster identity within collaborative virtual environments (CVEs) can represent expressions of selfhood useful for participating in diverse communities. The Internet of Things (IoT) provides a spectrum of emerging technologies that can connect physical and virtual world activities resulting in new realms of human-computer abilities. Interconnected smart devices automate services and provide timely information resulting in safety, security, and efficiencies, especially for vulnerable populations such as persons with disabilities. The relationship is explored when IoT applications are combined with use of CVEs, avatars, and a discipline of presencing. Inclusivity becomes probable. Future research is described how individuals, organizations, and communities can be impacted by personal learning influenced by the inevitable growth of IoT and virtual learning.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Internet of Things with Knowledge-Driven Software-Defined Networking Technology: Future Perspectives

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3459
Author(s):  
Yuhong Li ◽  
Xiang Su ◽  
Aaron Yi Ding ◽  
Anders Lindgren ◽  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Software Defined Networking ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Flexible Control ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) connects smart devices to enable various intelligent services. The deployment of IoT encounters several challenges, such as difficulties in controlling and managing IoT applications and networks, problems in programming existing IoT devices, long service provisioning time, underused resources, as well as complexity, isolation and scalability, among others. One fundamental concern is that current IoT networks lack flexibility and intelligence. A network-wide flexible control and management are missing in IoT networks. In addition, huge numbers of devices and large amounts of data are involved in IoT, but none of them have been tuned for supporting network management and control. In this paper, we argue that Software-defined Networking (SDN) together with the data generated by IoT applications can enhance the control and management of IoT in terms of flexibility and intelligence. We present a review for the evolution of SDN and IoT and analyze the benefits and challenges brought by the integration of SDN and IoT with the help of IoT data. We discuss the perspectives of knowledge-driven SDN for IoT through a new IoT architecture and illustrate how to realize Industry IoT by using the architecture. We also highlight the challenges and future research works toward realizing IoT with the knowledge-driven SDN.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency in Short and Wide-Area IoT Technologies—A Survey

Technologies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Eljona Zanaj ◽  
Giuseppe Caso ◽  
Luca De Nardis ◽  
Alireza Mohammadpour ◽  
Özgü Alay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Wide Area Networks ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Internet Of Things

In the last years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a key application context in the design and evolution of technologies in the transition toward a 5G ecosystem. More and more IoT technologies have entered the market and represent important enablers in the deployment of networks of interconnected devices. As network and spatial device densities grow, energy efficiency and consumption are becoming an important aspect in analyzing the performance and suitability of different technologies. In this framework, this survey presents an extensive review of IoT technologies, including both Low-Power Short-Area Networks (LPSANs) and Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWANs), from the perspective of energy efficiency and power consumption. Existing consumption models and energy efficiency mechanisms are categorized, analyzed and discussed, in order to highlight the main trends proposed in literature and standards toward achieving energy-efficient IoT networks. Current limitations and open challenges are also discussed, aiming at highlighting new possible research directions.

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