scholarly journals Reliability of Compartmental Body Composition Measures in Weight-Stable Adults Using GE iDXA: Implications for Research and Practice

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimee Dordevic ◽  
Maxine Bonham ◽  
Ali Ghasem-Zadeh ◽  
Alison Evans ◽  
Elizabeth Barber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Least Significant Change ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Body Compartments ◽  
Total Body Composition ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Visceral Adipose

The aim of this study was to explore the reliability and precision of body compartment measures, in particular visceral adipose tissue, in weight stable adults over a range of BMIs using GE-Lunar iDXA. Weight-stable participants aged 18–65 years had a total body composition scan on GE-Lunar iDXA either on three separate occasions over a three month period (n = 51), or on a single occasion for duplicate scans with repositioning (n = 30). The coefficient of variation (CV%) and least significant change (LSC) of body compartments were calculated. The CV was higher for all measures over three months (range 0.8–5.9%) compared with same-day precision-scans (all < 2%). The CV for visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was considerably higher than all other body compartments (42.2% three months, 16.2% same day scanning). To accurately measure VAT mass using the GE iDXA it is recommended that participants have a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, or VAT mass > 500 g. Changes observed in VAT mass levels below 500 g should be interpreted with caution due to lack of precision and reliability. All other compartmental measures demonstrated good reliability, with less than 6% variation over three months.

scholarly journals SUN-355 Associations of Trabecular Bone Score and Bone Mineral Density with Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Composition in Men with and Without Paraplegia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Usuga ◽  
David W McMillan ◽  
Kevin A Jacobs ◽  
Mark S Nash ◽  
Rodrigo J Valderrabano
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Abstract Introduction: Following spinal cord injury (SCI) lower extremity bone mineral density (BMD) losses are as high as 40% due to mechanical unloading and autonomic dysfunction. While lumbar spine (LS) BMD appears to be relatively spared, evidence suggests BMD by dual-energy radiographic absorptiometry (DXA) may overlook bone pathology in this region. Trabecular Bone Score (TBS), representative of bone microarchitecture, may be a more informative measurement of LS pathology in SCI. Our objective was to determine differences in BMD and TBS within the LS in humans with and without SCI. Correlation of fitness and body composition measures with TBS and BMD were also explored to determine their role in bone health after SCI. Methods: Seven male participants with paraplegia (level T3 – T7) were recruited through The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, and 6 males without SCI were recruited from local advertisement. DXA scans of the lumbar spine and whole body were performed using Hologic Discovery A densitometer. TBS score (unitless) was derived from L1-L4 scans using TBS iNsight software v3.0.2. A graded arm exercise test directly measured cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) for all subjects. An independent samples t-test determined between-group differences in LS BMD and TBS. Pearson correlation analysis investigated within-group relations among LS BMD, TBS and VO2peak (ml/kg/min), weight (kg), total body fat (%), and visceral adipose tissue (estimated VAT mass(g)). Results: In SCI, the mean duration of injury was 8.6 years. Mean LS BMD was not different (p=.47) between non-injured (1.10 ±0.11 g/cm2) and SCI (1.10 ±0.13 g/cm2) groups. However, mean TBS score was different (p=.053) between non-injured (1.55±0.09) and SCI (1.47±0.07) groups. In non-injured, VO2peak was correlated with LS BMD (r=.356) and TBS (r=.244). In SCI, VO2peak was correlated with LS BMD (r=.111) and TBS (r=.822). In non-injured, TBS was correlated with body mass (r=.244), total body fat (%) (r=.382), and visceral adipose tissue (r=.361). In SCI, negative correlations were observed; TBS was correlated with body mass (r= -.255), total body fat (%) (r= -.474), and visceral adipose tissue (r= -.513). LS BMD was positively correlated with body mass, total body fat (%) and visceral adipose tissue in both non-injured and SCI groups. Conclusion: Men with and without SCI displayed similar BMD but differed in TBS at the LS. Correlations with measures of fitness and body composition were similar for LS BMD but discordant for TBS between non-injured and SCI groups. The data suggest changes in the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, metabolism and bone quality in SCI. TBS may capture alterations in bone microarchitecture at the spine after SCI that are undetected by conventional DXA.

Body Composition and Visceral Adipose Tissue in Female Collegiate Equestrian Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (06) ◽  
pp. 404-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia H. Dengel ◽  
Christiana J. Raymond-Pope ◽  
Tyler A. Bosch ◽  
Jonathan M. Oliver ◽  
Donald R. Dengel
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Regional Body Composition ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Visceral Adipose

AbstractTo examine measures of total and regional body composition using dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in NCAA Division I collegiate equestrian athletes, 31 female collegiate equestrian athletes were matched to a population of normal controls by age and body mass index. Total and regional fat tissue mass (FM), lean tissue mass (LM), bone mineral density (BMD), and abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were measured by DXA. Equestrian athletes had a significantly (p=0.03) lower total body fat percentage (%fat) than controls. There were no significant differences in total LM and VAT between equestrian athletes and controls. However, equestrian athletes, when compared to the controls, had significantly lower leg %fat, leg FM and higher leg LM. The greater leg LM in equestrian riders resulted in a smaller upper to lower body LM ratio compared to controls. There was no difference in leg BMD between equestrian athletes and controls. There were no significant differences between the 2 styles of riding (i. e., hunt seat and western style) in regards to body composition. The lower total %fat in equestrian athletes seems to be influenced by differences in leg composition, with equestrian athletes having significantly more LM and less FM.

scholarly journals Indirect Predictors of Visceral Adipose Tissue in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Comparison of Methods

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2494
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kałużna ◽  
Magdalena Czlapka-Matyasik ◽  
Aleksandra Bykowska-Derda ◽  
Jerzy Moczko ◽  
Marek Ruchala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Women Subjects ◽  
Pcos Group ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation, is a part of a polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotype. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) provides a gold standard measurement of VAT. This study aimed to compare ten different indirect methods of VAT estimation in PCOS women. The study included 154 PCOS and 68 age- and BMI-matched control women. Subjects were divided into age groups: 18–30 y.o. and 30–40 y.o. Analysis included: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist/height 0.5 (WHT.5R), visceral adipose index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and fat mass index (FMI). VAT accumulation, android-to-gynoid ratio (A/G), and total body fat (TBF) was measured by DXA. ROC analysis revealed that WHtR, WHT.5R, WC, BMI, and LAP demonstrated the highest predictive value in identifying VAT in the PCOS group. Lower cut-off values of BMI (23.43 kg/m2) and WHtR (0.45) were determined in the younger PCOS group and higher thresholds of WHtR (0.52) in the older PCOS group than commonly used. Measuring either: WHtR, WHT.5R, WC, BMI, or LAP, could help identify a subgroup of PCOS patients at high cardiometabolic risk. The current observations reinforce the importance of using special cut-offs to identify VAT, dependent on age and PCOS presence.

scholarly journals Midregional Proadrenomedullin Can Reflect the Accumulation of Visceral Adipose Tissue—A Key to Explaining the Obesity Paradox

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruhide Koyama ◽  
Nagato Kuriyama ◽  
Ritei Uehara
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Obesity Paradox ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Forward Selection ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether plasma midregional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) reflected body composition, such as body mass index (BMI), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), VAT/SAT ratio, body fat mass (BFM), and skeletal muscle mass (SMM). Methods: A total of 2244 individuals (727 men and 1517 women) were included in the study. Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the combined influence of variables: age, daily alcohol consumption, Brinkman index, sleeping time, metabolic equivalents, anamnesis for hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and body composition of MR-proADM, by using a stepwise forward selection method. Results: MR-proADM was significantly related to all anthropometric indices (BMI, VAT, SAT, VAT/SAT ratio, BFM, and SMM) in men and women. On the basis of a stepwise forward selection method, VAT (men: beta = 0.184, p < 0.001, women: beta = 0.203, p < 0.001) and BFM (beta = 0.181, p < 0.001) in women, were found to be significantly associated with MR-proADM. Conclusion: This study suggests that plasma MR-proADM concentration is a more reliable indicator of VAT for fat distribution, and thus, MR-proADM may help better understand the obesity paradox. Changes in circulating levels of MR-proADM could possibly reflect changes in body composition, endocrine, and metabolic milieu.

scholarly journals Altered body composition and increased visceral adipose tissue in premenopausal and late postmenopausal patients with SLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 3117-3127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoxia Li ◽  
Jingjie Shang ◽  
Shan Zeng ◽  
Huixia Wu ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose

scholarly journals Limited Effects of Endurance or Interval Training on Visceral Adipose Tissue and Systemic Inflammation in Sedentary Middle-Aged Men

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua H. F. Cooper ◽  
Blake E. G. Collins ◽  
David R. Adams ◽  
Robert A. Robergs ◽  
Cheyne E. Donges
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Purpose. Limited data exists for the effects of sprint-interval training (SIT) and endurance training (ET) on total body composition, abdominal visceral adipose tissue, and plasma inflammation. Moreover, whether “active” or “passive” recovery in SIT provides a differential effect on these measures remains uncertain.Methods. Sedentary middle-aged men (n=62;49.5±5.8 y;29.7±3.7 kg·m2) underwent abdominal computed tomography, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, venepuncture, and exercise testing before and after the interventions, which included the following: 12 wks 3 d·wk−1 ET (n=15; 50–60 min cycling; 80% HRmax), SIT (4–10 × 30 s sprint efforts) with passive (P-SIT;n=15) or active recovery (A-SIT;n=15); or nonexercise control condition (CON;n=14). Changes in cardiorespiratory fitness, whole-body and visceral fat mass, and plasma systemic inflammation were examined.Results. Compared to CON, significant increases in interpolated power output (P-SIT,P<0.001; ET,P=0.012; A-SIT,P=0.041) and test duration (P-SIT,P=0.001; ET,P=0.012; A-SIT,P=0.046) occurred after training. Final VO2consumption was increased after P-SIT only (P<0.001). Despite >90% exercise compliance, there was no change in whole-body or visceral fat mass or plasma inflammation (P>0.05).Conclusion. In sedentary middle-aged men, SIT was a time-effective alternative to ET in facilitating conditioning responses yet was ineffective in altering body composition and plasma inflammation, and compared to passive recovery, evidenced diminished conditioning responses when employing active recovery.

Changes In Body Composition And Visceral Adipose Tissue In Severely Obese Patients Following Metabolic Surgery

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 627-628
Author(s):  
Tamara E. Carver ◽  
Robert Bracewell ◽  
Olivier Babineau ◽  
Olivier Court ◽  
Ross E. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Surgery ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
Visceral Adipose

scholarly journals Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Is a Valid Method to Estimatimate Visceral Adipose Tissue in Adult Patients With Prader-Willi Syndrome During Treatment With Growth Hormone

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (9) ◽  
pp. E1727-E1731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Cristina Olarescu ◽  
Anders Palmstrøm Jørgensen ◽  
Kristin Godang ◽  
Anne Grethe Jurik ◽  
Kathrine Frey Frøslie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Context: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is established as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, but the radiation exposure and cost of computed tomography (CT) measurements limits its daily clinical use. Objective: The main objective of this study was to compare the degree of agreement between VAT measurements by a new dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) application and one of the standard methods, CT, in a population of patients with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) before and after GH treatment. Furthermore, we tested whether VAT estimations by these two methods are equivalent in assessing the metabolic risk in this population. Design and Patients: Data from the Norwegian population of a multicenter study in adults with genetically proven PWS were used. Subjects with complete anthropometry, biochemical, and imagistic measurements at all study visits (baseline and after 12 and 24 months of GH treatment) (n = 14, six men) were included. VAT was quantified both using CT scans (GE Lightspeed 16 Pro) of the abdomen at L2-L3 level and a total body DXA scan (GE Healthcare Lunar Prodigy). Results: VAT DXA was strongly associated with VAT CT at baseline (r = 0.97) and after 12 (r = 0.90) and 24 months (r = 0.89) of GH treatment (all P &lt; .001). We found moderate to strong positive correlations between VAT by both methods, and blood pressure, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, glucose metabolism, and other fat depots (arms, legs, android, trunk, total body) but no association with age, gender, blood lipids, and IGF-I. Adiponectin was negatively associated with the amount of VAT. At baseline, the highest correlation with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was found for VAT DXA (r = 0.76, P = .001) and VAT CT (r = 0.75, P = .002), respectively. Conclusion: VAT can be accurately estimated by DXA, in patients with PWS, and might contribute to the assessment of the metabolic risk.

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