scholarly journals Saturated Fat Intake Is Associated with Lung Function in Individuals with Airflow Obstruction: Results from NHANES 2007–2012

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasey Cornell ◽  
Morshed Alam ◽  
Elizabeth Lyden ◽  
Lisa Wood ◽  
Tricia D. LeVan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake

Nutritional status is a well-recognized prognostic indicator in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, very little is known about the relationship between lung function and saturated fat intake. We used data from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) to assess the relationship between saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake and lung function in the general US adult population. Adults in NHANES (2007–2012) with pre-bronchodilator spirometry measurements and dietary SFA intake were included. Primary outcomes were lung function including forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1, forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC ratio, percent predicted FEV1 and percent predicted FVC. Multivariable regression models in the general population as well as those with spirometry-defined airflow obstruction were used to assess the relationship between lung function measurements and dietary SFA intake after adjustment for confounders. 11,180 eligible participants were included in this study. Univariate analysis revealed a statistically significant positive association between total SFA intake and lung function outcomes; however, these relationships were attenuated after adjustment for covariates. A secondary analysis of individuals with spirometry-defined airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC < 0.7) revealed that a lower intake of SFA was associated with reduced FEV1 (β = −126.4, p = 0.04 for quartile 1 vs. quartile 4), FVC (β = −165.8. p = 0.01 for quartile 1 vs. quartile 4), and percent predicted FVC (β = −3.3. p = 0.04 for quartile 1 vs. quartile 4), after adjustment for relevant confounders. No associations were observed for the FEV1/FVC ratio and percent predicted FEV1. It is possible that characteristics such as food source and fatty acid chain length may influence associations between saturated fatty acid intake and health outcomes.

Examination of the fatty acid composition and lipogenic enzymes of perirenal adipose tissue in growing lambs

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 ◽  
pp. 189-189
Author(s):  
S. E. Richards ◽  
A. M. Salter ◽  
P. J. Buttery
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Repeated Calls ◽  
Red Meats ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake

Lamb consumption fell from 11.1 to 7.5 kg / year / person between 1960 and 1990 and in recent years has fallen even further (5.9kg / year / person in 1994, source MLC). There are a number of possible reasons for this, but the high saturated fat content of lamb is likely to be a major contributer. Health considerations have led to repeated calls to reduce saturated fat intake (Dept of Health, 1994). Lamb has particularly suffered because it has a higher content of the saturated fatty acid stearic acid (C18:0) than other red meats. This has a high melting point and gives cold lamb its unpopular texture. The majority of lipid in lamb comes from de-novo synthesis of the saturated fatty acid palmitate (C16:0) from acetate in the adipose tissue by the enzymes acetyl co-A carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase (FAS). Palmitate can be elongated to stearate (C18:0) and this can be desaturated to the potentially healthier monounsaturated fatty acid oleate (C18:l), by the enzyme stearoyl co-A desaturase (SCD). The aim of this work has been to examine the fatty acid profile of lamb during growth and the enzymes involved in fat deposition.

scholarly journals The relationship between the amount of saturated fat intake and semen quality in men

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheila Ehsanpour ◽  
Hajar Dadkhah ◽  
Ashraf Kazemi ◽  
Mohammad-Hossien Nasr-Isfahani
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake

scholarly journals High-sensitivity c-reactive protein and total and saturated fat intake in adolescent students: a longitudinal study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Cândida de Lima Martins ◽  
Flávia Emília Leite de Lima Ferreira ◽  
Aléssio Tony Cavalcanti de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Saturated Fats ◽  
Fat Consumption ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to assess the relationship between hs-CRP concentrations and total and saturated fat intake in adolescents after a year of follow-up.MethodsA longitudinal study carried out in the years 2014 and 2015 evaluated 408 adolescents from the municipal and state public schools of João Pessoa, Paraíba, between 10 and 14 years of age, who participated in the Longitudinal Study on Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, Eating Habits and Adolescent Health (LONCAAFS). Data were obtained on sociodemographic data, anthropometric nutritional status, physical activity and hs-CRP concentration. The consumption of total and saturated fats was evaluated from the 24 hour recall.ResultsThe associations between concentrations of hs-CRP and total and saturated fat intake were performed by linear regression considering panel data, individual fixed effect, balanced bank, stratified by sex and BMI. The mean values of the hs-CRP variable were significantly different between the analyzed years (p = 0.024). The percentage of total and saturated fat consumption is within the recommended level in both years, with no significant difference (p> 0.05). No statistically significant associations were found between hs-CRP and total fat consumption (β = −0.19p = 0.582) and saturated fat (β = 0.20, p = 0.282).ConclusionThe study did not present significant evidence on the relationship between the concentrations of hs-CRP and the consumption of total and saturated fats, as one year of follow-up may not have promoted evident changes in the levels of hs-CRP in adolescents.

Dietary Fat Intake and Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 869-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Ruan ◽  
Jun Tang ◽  
Xiaofei Guo ◽  
Kelei Li ◽  
Duo Li
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Dietary Fat Intake ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake

Background: Epidemiological studies showed that dietary fat intake is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia risk, however, the association remain inconsistent. This metaanalysis aimed to systematically examine the association of dietary fat intake with AD and dementia risk. Methods: We have systematically searched PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library up to May 1st 2017. Prospective cohort studies were included if they reported on the association of dietary fat intake with AD and dementia risk. Multivariate-adjusted relative risks (RRs) for the highest versus lowest category were pooled by using a random-effects model. Results: A total of 8630 participants and 633 cases from four independent prospective cohort studies were included in the present meta-analysis. A higher dietary saturated fat intake was significantly associated with an increased risk of 39% and 105% for AD (RR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.94) and dementia (RR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.06, 3.98), respectively. Dose-response analysis indicated a 4 g/day increment of saturated fat intake was related to 15% higher risk of AD (RR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.31). However, there was no significant association found between dietary intake of total, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated fat and AD or dementia risk. Conclusions: This meta-analysis provides significant evidence of positive association between higher saturated fat intake and AD and dementia risk.

scholarly journals Serum bilirubin and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. MacDonald ◽  
Ken M. Kunisaki ◽  
Timothy J. Wilt ◽  
Arianne K. Baldomero
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Strength Of Evidence ◽  
Acute Exacerbations

Abstract Background Bilirubin is a potent antioxidant and higher serum bilirubin levels have been associated with improved COPD outcomes. We performed a systematic review to evaluate the association between serum bilirubin levels and lung function (FEV1), prevalence/incidence of COPD, acute exacerbations of COPD, respiratory health status, and mortality. Methods MEDLINE® and Embase were searched using Ovid® (search updated October 1st, 2019). We included studies that measured serum bilirubin levels and outcomes of interest in adults with or without underlying lung disease. We excluded studies of those with liver disease or drug-induced elevations in bilirubin. We used the Newcastle–Ottawa scale to assess individual study risk of bias (ROB) and the US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality—Evidence Based Practice tool to assess overall strength of evidence (SOE). Two authors independently determined eligibility, performed data abstraction, assessed ROB, and determined SOE. Results Thirteen studies (5 low risk of bias, 3 moderate and 5 high risk) were included. We found low strength of evidence for the association between higher bilirubin levels and lower risk of acute exacerbations of COPD (2 studies), mortality (3 studies), COPD diagnosis (4 studies), and lung function (FEV1) (8 studies). We found insufficient evidence on the relationship between serum bilirubin and respiratory health status/exercise capacity (1 study) and airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC ratio) (4 studies). Conclusion Higher bilirubin levels may be associated with lower mortality and improved COPD outcomes. Randomized trials are needed to evaluate the effect of medications that raise serum bilirubin on COPD outcomes. PROSPERO registration: CRD42019145747.

scholarly journals Changes in blood lipid concentrations associated with changes in intake of dietary saturated fat in the context of a healthy low-carbohydrate weight-loss diet: a secondary analysis of the Diet Intervention Examining The Factors Interacting with Treatment Success (DIETFITS) trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia W Shih ◽  
Michelle E Hauser ◽  
Lucia Aronica ◽  
Joseph Rigdon ◽  
Christopher D Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Weight Loss Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake

ABSTRACTBackgroundFor low-carbohydrate diets, a public health approach has focused on the replacement of carbohydrates with unsaturated fats. However, little research exists on the impacts of saturated fat intake on the lipid profile in the context of whole-food-based low-carbohydrate weight-loss diets.ObjectivesThe primary aim of this secondary analysis of the DIETFITS weight loss trial was to evaluate the associations between changes in percentage of dietary saturated fatty acid intake (%SFA) and changes in low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins, and triglyceride concentrations for those following a healthy low-carbohydrate (HLC) diet. The secondary aim was to examine these associations specifically for HLC dieters who had the highest 12-month increases in %SFA.MethodsIn the DIETFITS trial, 609 generally healthy adults, aged 18–50 years, with body mass indices of 28–40 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to a healthy low-fat (HLF) or HLC diet for 12 months. In this analysis, linear regression, both without and with adjustment for potential confounders, was used to measure the association between 12-month change in %SFA and blood lipids in 208 HLC participants with complete diet and blood lipid data.ResultsParticipants consumed an average of 12–18% of calories from SFA. An increase of %SFA, without significant changes in absolute saturated fat intake, over 12 months was associated with a statistically significant decrease in triglycerides in the context of a weight-loss study in which participants simultaneously decreased carbohydrate intake. The association between increase in %SFA and decrease in triglycerides was no longer significant when adjusting for 12-month change in carbohydrate intake, suggesting carbohydrate intake may be a mediator of this relationship.ConclusionsThose on a low-carbohydrate weight-loss diet who increase their percentage intake of dietary saturated fat may improve their overall lipid profile provided they focus on a high-quality diet and lower their intakes of both calories and refined carbohydrates. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01826591.

scholarly journals Household Food Insecurity, Lung Function, and COPD in US Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2098
Author(s):  
Francisca de Castro Mendes ◽  
Kirstie Ducharme-Smith ◽  
Gustavo Mora-Garcia ◽  
Saleh A. Alqahtani ◽  
Maria Stephany Ruiz-Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Lung Health

Increasing epidemiological evidence suggests that optimal diet quality helps to improve preservation of lung function and to reduce chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk, but no study has investigated the association of food insecurity (FI) and lung health in the general population. Using data from a representative sample of US adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2012 cycles, we investigated the association between FI with lung function and spirometrically defined COPD in 12,469 individuals aged ≥ 18 years of age. FI (high vs. low) was defined using the US Department of Agriculture’s Food Security Scale). Population-weighted adjusted regression models were used to investigate associations between FI, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), their ratio, and spirometrically defined restriction (FVC below the lower limit of normal) and airflow obstruction (COPD). The prevalence of household FI was 13.2%. High household FI was associated with lower FVC (adjusted β-coefficient −70.9 mL, 95% CI −116.6, −25.3), and with higher odds (OR) of spirometric restriction (1.02, 95% CI 1.00, 1.03). Stratified analyses showed similar effect sizes within specific ethnic groups. High FI was associated with worse lung health in a nationally representative sample of adults in the US.

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