scholarly journals Effect of Oral Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 on the Vaginal Microbiota, Cytokines and Chemokines in Pregnant Women

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siwen Yang ◽  
Gregor Reid ◽  
John R.G. Challis ◽  
Gregory B. Gloor ◽  
Elizabeth Asztalos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Nugent Score ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Probiotic Lactobacillus

Spontaneous preterm birth is associated with vaginal microbial dysbiosis. As certain strains of lactobacilli help restore homeostasis in non-pregnant women, the goal was to determine the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 administered orally, twice daily for 12 weeks on the vaginal microbiota, cytokines and chemokines of low-risk pregnant women. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial comparing probiotic lactobacilli to placebo daily was performed in 86 asymptomatic pregnant women who had an Intermediate or Bacterial Vaginosis Nugent score at 13 weeks. After drop outs, 32 women receiving probiotics and 34 receiving placebo completed the study. The Nugent score returned to normal in 30% of the women in both groups at 28 weeks and was maintained until 35 weeks. The majority of subjects had normal pregnancy outcomes. Ninety-three bacterial species were detected at 13 weeks, with Lactobacillus iners, Lactobacillus crispatus, Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae being the most abundant across pregnancy. There was no difference in the Shannon diversity index between the probiotic and placebo groups at 13, 28 or 35 weeks. Almost all subjects consumed fermented foods and many of the organisms in the vagina are also known to be present in fermented foods. Interleukin-4 in the placebo group and Interleukin-10 in both probiotic and placebo groups increased slightly at 28 weeks but were not different at 35 weeks when compared to 13 weeks. In conclusion, this study showed no adverse issues resulting from 12 week use of probiotic Lactobacillus strains GR-1 and RC-14 during pregnancy in women at low risk for premature birth. The vaginal microbiota demonstrated flux irrespective of this oral probiotic administration.

Protective effects of potential probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus (MTCC-5897) fermented whey on reinforcement of intestinal epithelial barrier function in colitis induced murine model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harpreet Kaur ◽  
Taruna Gupta ◽  
Suman Kapila ◽  
Rajeev Kapila
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Barrier ◽  
Epithelial Barrier Function ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Nutritional Components ◽  
Probiotic Lactobacillus

The fermented foods provide essential nutritional components and bioactive molecules that have beneficial effects on several gastrointestinal disorders. Under present investigation potential protective effects of whey fermented with probiotic Lactobacillus...

scholarly journals Distinct Actions of the Fermented Beverage Kefir on Host Behaviour, Immunity and Microbiome Gut-Brain Modules in the Mouse

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel van de Wouw ◽  
Aaron M. Walsh ◽  
Fiona Crispie ◽  
Lucas van Leuven ◽  
Joshua M. Lyte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Repetitive Behaviour ◽  
Brain Physiology ◽  
Reward Seeking ◽  
Host Behaviour

Abstract Background: Mounting evidence suggests a role for the gut microbiota in modulating brain physiology and behaviour through bi-directional communication along the gut-brain axis. As such, the gut microbiota represents a potential therapeutic target for influencing centrally-mediated events and host behaviour. It is thus notable that the fermented milk beverage kefir has recently been shown to modulate the composition of the gut microbiota in mice. It is unclear whether kefirs have differential effects on microbiota-gut-brain axis and whether they can modulate host behaviour per se. Methods: To address this, two distinct kefirs (Fr1 and UK4) or unfermented milk control were administered to mice that underwent a battery of tests to characterise their behavioural phenotype. In addition, shotgun metagenomic sequencing of ileal, cecal and faecal matter was performed, as was faecal metabolome analysis. Finally, systemic immunity measures and gut serotonin levels were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA followed by Dunnett's post hoc test or Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney U test.Results: Fr1 ameliorated the stress-induced decrease in serotonergic signalling in the colon and reward-seeking behaviour in the saccharin preference test. On the other hand, UK4 decreased repetitive behaviour and ameliorated stress-induced deficits in reward-seeking behaviour. Furthermore, UK4 increased fear-dependent contextual memory, yet decreased milk gavage-induced improvements long-term spatial learning. In the peripheral immune system, UK4 increased the prevalence of Treg cells and interleukin 10 levels, whereas Fr1 ameliorated the milk gavage stress-induced elevation in neutrophil levels and CXCL1 levels. Analysis of the gut microbiota revealed that both kefirs significantly changed the composition and functional capacity of the host microbiota, where specific bacterial species were changed in a kefir-dependent manner. Furthermore, both kefirs increased the capacity of the gut microbiota to produce GABA, which was linked to an increased prevalence in Lactobacillus reuteri. Conclusions: Altogether, these data show that kefir can signal through the microbiota-gut-immune-brain axis and modulate host behaviour. In addition, different kefirs may direct the microbiota toward distinct immunological and behavioural modulatory effects. These results indicate that kefir can positively modulate specific aspects of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and support the broadening of the definition of psychobiotic to include kefir fermented foods.

scholarly journals Bacterial identification of the vaginal microbiota in Ecuadorian pregnant teenagers: an exploratory analysis

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana María Salinas ◽  
Verónica Gabriela Osorio ◽  
Pablo Francisco Endara ◽  
Eduardo Ramiro Salazar ◽  
Gabriela Piedad Vasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Microbial Risk ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Vaginal Tract

BackgroundBacterial vaginosis (BV) is a microbial imbalance (i.e., dysbiosis) that can produce serious medical effects in women at childbearing age. Little is known, however, about the incidence of BV or vaginal microbiota dysbiosis in pregnant teenagers in low and middle-income countries such as Ecuador. The scope of this exploratory analysis was to study the relationship between epidemiologic and microbial risk factors. Among the microbiology risk factors this study investigated fiveLactobacillusspecies, two of them know in preview studies as microbiology risk factors for BV development (Lactobacillus acidophilusandLactobacillus iners), and the last three known for being associated with a healthy vaginal tract (Lactobacillus crispatus,Lactobacillus gasseriandLactobacillus jensenii). In addition, fastidious anaerobes known to be microbial risk factors for BV development in pregnant teenagers were searched as well, more exactly,Gardnerella vaginalis,Atopobium vaginaeandMobiluncus mulieris.MethodsNinety-five healthy adolescent pregnant women, visiting a secondary level hospital in Quito, Ecuador, were enrolled into the study in 2015. The enrolled patients were between 10 to 13 weeks of pregnancy. Four epidemiological risk factors were collected in a survey: age, civil status, sexual partners and condom use. Also, vaginal pH was measured as a health risk factor. DNA was extracted from endocervical and exocervical epithelia from all the patients’ samples. PCR analysis was performed in order to characterize the presence of the eight bacterial species known as risk factors for BV development, targeting three anaerobes and fiveLactobacillusspecies. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify associated factors for the presence of anaerobic species using logistic regression.ResultsThe 95 vaginal microflora samples of these teenagers were analyzed. Two of the bacterial species known to cause BV:A. vaginae(100%) andG. vaginalis(93.7%) were found in high prevalence. Moreover, the most predominant bacterialLactobacillusspecies found in the pregnant teenagers’ vaginal tract wereL. crispatus(92.6%),L. iners(89.5%) andL. acidophilus(87.4%). In addition, the average vaginal pH measured in the study population was 5.2, and high pH was associated with the presence of the three-anaerobic species (p = 0.001). Finally,L. jensenii’s presence in the study decreased in 72% the occupation of the three anaerobes.DiscussionThis work identified a high pH as a risk factor for BV anaerobes’ presence in adolescent pregnant women. Moreover, this study identifiedL. crispatus, L. inersandL. acidophilusto be the most abundant species in our study population. From all fastidious anaerobes analyzed in this study,A. vaginaewas present in all pregnant teenagers. To conclude,L. jenseniicould be a potential healthy vaginal microbiota candidate in pregnant teenagers and should be further analyzed in future studies.

Intravaginal administration of gelatine capsules containing freeze-dried autochthonous lactobacilli: a double-blind, randomised clinical trial of safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.R. De Gregorio ◽  
N.C. Maldonado ◽  
E. Vera Pingitore ◽  
M.C. Leccese Terraf ◽  
M.S. Juárez Tomás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Nugent Score ◽  
Vaginal Lactobacilli ◽  
Freeze Dried

Vaginal lactobacilli (LAB) in probiotic formulas constitute a promising alternative for microbiome reconstitution and for the prevention and treatment of urogenital infections. A double-blind, randomised clinical trial was conducted to assess the safety of LAB-gelatine capsules vaginally administered to healthy sexually active women. Participants were randomised into three groups: intervention A: Lactobacillus reuteri CRL1324, Lactobacillus gasseri CRL1263 and CRL1307; intervention B: Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1332, L. gasseri CRL1256 and CRL1320; and intervention C: placebo. In a survey and clinical evaluation, participants received a blister with 7 capsules to be administered 1 per day. A second sampling and a new survey were conducted 3-10 days after completing application. Colposcopy was performed to assess adverse effects on vaginal-cervical mucosa. Vaginal swabs were taken for Gram staining to determine the Nugent score, and obtainment of viable-cell cultures to quantify cultivable lactic acid bacteria and pathogens. The main outcomes evaluated were overall satisfaction and secondary effects, including discomfort, urogenital infection, inflammatory response or other symptoms. No significant differences were found in Nugent score or in leukocyte numbers in vaginal samples either before or after the three interventions. However, a tendency to decrease in both the Nugent score and in leukocyte numbers was observed after interventions A and B, though not after C. A significant increase in cultivable lactobacilli was determined after LAB interventions. No severe adverse events were detected. LAB-containing capsules were well tolerated by subjects, so they could be proposed as an adequate alternative to restore vaginal lactobacilli in sexually active women.

Clinical and microbiological aspects of vaginal microbiota at pregnant with threat of late miscarriages during treatment with vaginal gestagens forms

2017 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
I.P. Polishchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Late Miscarriage ◽  
Microbiological Aspects ◽  
Micronized Progesterone

The objective: was to examine the effectiveness of treatment of late miscarriage threat by micronized form of progesterone for 100 mg – 3 times a day in the form of gelatin pills and vaginal tablets with lactose. Patients and methods. Under our supervision there were 70 pregnant women with normocenosis of vagina (NCV) without extragenital pathology, which were not performed systemic or local treatment with antibacterial drugs in the last 4 weeks. Among them 25 pregnant women with TLSM treated by gelatin tablets of micronized progesterone (GTP) (group 1); 25 pregnant women with TLSM, treated by vaginal micronized progesterone tablets (VPT) (2nd group) and 20 healthy women with physiological pregnancy – PV (control group). The distribution of women in the group adhered to the principles of randomization. The age of examined women ranged from 19 to 32 years, most pregnant women were aged under 30 years (89.02%). General clinical examination was carried out according to the standard scheme according to the Order MH of Ukraine № 620. Results. During the research we have determined the colpocytologcal dynamics and state of vaginal microbiota in pregnant women with threatened late miscarriage with initial vaginal normocenosis before and after treatment whit vaginal forms of progesterone. Conclusion. The received results showed low efficiency of micronized progesterone gelatin dragee at threat of the late miscarriage that at small therapeutic effect has led to the development of vaginal dysbiosis in all surveyed. In contrast, the use of micronized progesterone vaginal tablets – the maximally rapid therapeutic effect without disturbance of vaginal normocenosis. Key words: the threat of a late miscarriage, vaginal micronized forms of progesterone.

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