Dairy Intake Would Reduce Nutrient Gaps in Chinese Young Children Aged 3–8 Years: A Modelling Study

Dairy foods are under-consumed among Chinese children. We modeled the impact of increased dairy consumption on nutrient inadequacy and assessed whether the consumption of formulated milk powder for children ≥3 years (FMP3+) is useful for reducing nutrient gaps. Data from 3–8-year-old children, with completed socio-demographic and dietary measurements from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2015, were used (n = 1122). Dietary intakes were modeled in two scenarios: Scenario 1 added FMP3+ or cow’s milk to reported diet to reach recommended dairy intakes; Scenario 2 replaced the currently consumed milk with an equal volume of FMP3+. Reported nutrient intakes were compared with each model. Only 32.5% of children consumed dairy products; the average intake amount in total was 48.6 g/day. Most children (97.6%) did not meet dairy intake recommendation. Inadequate nutrient intakes were observed for calcium, potassium, thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin C and selenium. In Scenario 1, both FMP3+ and cow’s milk improved the intake of all analyzed nutrients. In Scenario 2, FMP3+ substitution increased the intake of most nutrients, and reduced the proportion of children with an inadequate intake of vitamin C, thiamin, vitamin A, iron, zinc and potassium. Thus, increasing dairy consumption would reduce nutrient gaps, and FMP3+ is a good food source to help children meet nutrient requirements.

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Impact of Sociodemographic Factors on The Consumption of Tubers in Brazil

10.21203/rs.3.rs-144259/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Justyna Horodyska ◽

Sandrine Pigat ◽

Jasmin Wonik ◽

Foteini Bompola ◽

David Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Brazilian Population ◽

Income Quintile ◽

Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Daily Intakes ◽

The Impact

Abstract BackgroundAlthough tubers play a significant role in Brazilian agriculture, very little is known about the intake of tubers among the Brazilian population. The objective of this study was to characterize the intake of tubers across Brazil. The types of tubers consumed were quantified, and the impact of geographic and sociodemographic factors was assessed. MethodsThis cross-sectional study is based on dietary intake data of 33,504 subjects obtained from the Brazilian National Dietary Survey. All tuber containing foods were identified, and the contribution of different tubers to overall tuber consumption in Brazil was quantified. Descriptive analyses assessed the impact of macroregion and sociodemographic characteristics on tuber consumption, and differences in intake were assessed using statistical tests. Lastly, the dietary intakes of tuber consumers and non-consumers were compared after adjusting for energy and covariates to determine if there were any major differences in dietary intakes between the two groups. ResultsFifty-five percent of the Brazilian population consumed tubers, which differed by macroregion. The intake of tubers among consumers also differed between macroregions. Overall, rural areas reported significantly higher mean daily intakes of tubers (127 g/day) among tuber consumers than urban areas (96 g/day). Mandioca and potato were the most commonly consumed tubers (59 and 43% prevalence, respectively, on any of the two days), while the highest daily intakes amongst tuber consumers across Brazil were noted for sweet potato (156 g/day) and potato (95 g/day). On a macroregion level, among tuber consumers, mandioca had the highest prevalence of consumption in the North (94%), Northeast (83%), and Central-West (68%), while consumption of potatoes was most prevalent in the Southeast (63%) and South (62%). Compared to women, small but significantly higher tuber intakes were noted for males (108 vs. 85 g/day). Amongst tuber consumers, children aged 10 to 12 consumed fewer tubers than the individuals aged 19 onwards. The highest mean daily intakes were noted amongst tuber consumers in the first income quintile (low earners) and lowest in the fifth quintile (high earners) (P<0.001). After adjusting for energy and other covariates, nutrient intakes between tuber and non-tuber consumers were not meaningfully different, with the exception of sodium (+6.0% comparing non-tuber to tuber consumers), iron (+6.1%), zinc (+5.7%), vitamin C (+8.3%), riboflavin (+9.0%), and folate (+7.9%).ConclusionsTuber consumption is influenced by regional and sociodemographic characteristics of the Brazilian population. When looking at energy-adjusted nutrient intakes, diets of tuber consumers have resulted in somewhat lower intakes of some micronutrients, namely riboflavin, folate, vitamin C, iron, sodium, and zinc

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Evaluation of the Effect of a Growing up Milk Lite vs. Cow’s Milk on Diet Quality and Dietary Intakes in Early Childhood: The Growing up Milk Lite (GUMLi) Randomised Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11010203 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 203 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Amy Lovell ◽

Tania Milne ◽

Yannan Jiang ◽

Rachel Chen ◽

Cameron Grant ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Growing Up ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Nutritional Adequacy ◽

Cow's Milk ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

The Impact

Summary scores provide an alternative approach to measuring dietary quality. The Growing Up Milk-Lite (GUMLi) Trial was a multi-centre, double-blinded, randomised controlled trial of children randomised to receive a reduced protein GUM (GUMLi) or unfortified cow’s milk (CM). In a secondary analysis of the GUMLi Trial, we used the Probability of Adequate Nutrient Intake (PANDiet) to determine the nutritional adequacy of the diets of participating children living in Auckland. The PANDiet was adapted to the New Zealand Nutrient Reference Values and data from four 24 h Recalls (24HR) collected at months 7, 8, 10, and 11 post-randomisation were used. Differences between randomised groups (GUMLi vs. CM) of the PANDiet and its components were made. Eighty-three Auckland participants were included in the study (GUMLi n = 41 vs. CM n = 42). Total PANDiet scores were significantly higher in the GUMLi group (p < 0.001), indicating better overall nutrient adequacy and diet quality. Dietary intakes of children in both groups met the recommendations for fat, total carbohydrates and most micronutrients; however, protein intakes exceeded recommendations. Consumption of GUMLi was associated with higher nutritional adequacy, with an increased likelihood of meeting nutrient requirements; however, the impact of the family diet and GUMLi on dietary diversity requires further evaluation.

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Impact of sociodemographic factors on the consumption of tubers in Brazil

Nutrition Journal ◽

10.1186/s12937-021-00709-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Justyna Horodyska ◽

Sandrine Pigat ◽

Jasmin Wonik ◽

Foteini Bompola ◽

David Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Brazilian Population ◽

Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Daily Intakes ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Although tubers play a significant role in Brazilian agriculture, very little is known about the intake of tubers among the Brazilian population. The objective of this study was to characterize the intake of tubers across Brazil. The types of tubers consumed were quantified, and the impact of geographic and sociodemographic factors was assessed. Methods This cross-sectional study is based on dietary intake data of 33,504 subjects obtained from the Brazilian National Dietary Survey. All tuber containing foods were identified, and the contribution of different tubers to overall tuber consumption in Brazil was quantified. Descriptive analyses assessed the impact of macroregion and sociodemographic characteristics on tuber consumption, and differences in intake were assessed using statistical tests. Lastly, the dietary intakes of tuber consumers and non-consumers were compared after adjusting for energy and covariates to determine if there were any major differences in dietary intakes between the two groups. Results Fifty-five percent of the Brazilian population consumed tubers, which differed by macroregion. The intake of tubers among consumers also differed between macroregions. Overall, rural areas reported significantly higher mean daily intakes of tubers (122 g/day) among tuber consumers than urban areas (95 g/day). Mandioca and potato were the most commonly consumed tubers (59 and 43% prevalence, respectively, on any of the 2 days), while the highest daily intakes amongst tuber consumers across Brazil were noted for sweet potato (156 g/day) and potato (95 g/day). On a macroregion level, among tuber consumers, mandioca had the highest prevalence of consumption in the North (94%), Northeast (83%), and Central-West (68%), while consumption of potatoes was most prevalent in the Southeast (63%) and South (62%). Compared to women, small but significantly higher tuber intakes were noted for males (108 vs. 85 g/day). There were no significant differences in intakes among income quintiles. After adjusting for energy and other covariates, nutrient intakes between tuber and non-tuber consumers were not meaningfully different, with the exception of sodium (+ 6.0% comparing non-tuber to tuber consumers), iron (+ 6.1%), zinc (+ 5.7%), vitamin C (+ 8.3%), riboflavin (+ 9.0%), and folate (+ 7.9%). Conclusions Tuber consumption is influenced by regional and sociodemographic characteristics of the Brazilian population. When looking at energy-adjusted nutrient intakes, diets of tuber consumers have resulted in somewhat lower intakes of some micronutrients, namely riboflavin, folate, vitamin C, iron, sodium, and zinc.

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Theoretical Impact of Replacing Whole Cow's Milk by Young-Child Formula on Nutrient Intakes of UK Young Children: Results of a Simulation Study

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000440682 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

pp. 247-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Simone R.B.M. Eussen ◽

Josephine Pean ◽

Leanne Olivier ◽

Fabien Delaere ◽

Anne Lluch

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Young Child ◽

Young Children ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

Cow's Milk ◽

The Uk

Background: Research into the role of young-child formulae (YCF) in a child's diet is limited and there is no consensual recommendation on its use. We evaluated the theoretical nutritional impact of replacing the existing practice of consuming cow's milk by YCF. Methods: From the UK Diet and Nutrition Survey of Infants and Young Children, whole cow's milk consumers, aged 12-18 months (n = 591) were selected for simulation scenarios. In Scenario 1, we tested the replacement of all whole cow's milk (434 ± 187 ml/day) by a matching volume of YCF, and in Scenario 2, all whole cow's milk was replaced by the on-pack recommended daily intake of 300 ml. Nutrient intakes before and after simulation scenarios were compared and evaluated against nutrient recommendations. Results: Intakes of protein and saturated fatty acids were significantly decreased, whereas essential fatty acid intakes were increased. The prevalence of nutrient inadequacy before simulation was 95.2% for vitamin D and 53.8% for iron. After simulation, inadequacy decreased to 4.9% (Scenario 1) and 0% (Scenario 2) for vitamin D and to 2.7% (Scenario 1) and 1.1% (Scenario 2) for iron. Conclusions: Replacement of habitual cow's milk intake by a matching volume or 300 ml of YCF may lead to nutritional intakes more in line with recommendations in young children.

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Iron intake and iron status of preschool children: associations with breakfast cereals, vitamin C and meat

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980099000701 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 521-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Sigrid A Gibso

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Iron Status ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Breakfast Cereal ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

Iron Supplements ◽

Breakfast Cereals ◽

Nutritional Advice ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

AbstractObjective:To examine associations between breakfast cereal consumption and iron status and identify dietary patterns that might improve iron status in this vulnerable group.Design:Analysis of data from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) of children aged 1.5–4.5 years, including dietary intakes calculated from 4-day weighed records.Subjects:Data were used from 904 children with haematological measurements, excluding those taking iron supplements; 20% had low iron stores (ferritin < 10 μg l−1) while 8% were anaemic (Hb < 11 g dl−1).Results:High cereal consumers had significantly higher iron intakes than low cereal consumers (classified by tertiles) but the 10% difference in mean ferritin levels was not significant (P = 0.067). Lower intakes of vitamin C and meat among high consumers of cereal may have diluted the impact of cereal iron on iron status. When children were reclassified according to their intakes of vitamin C and iron from meat and breakfast cereals, the group with high (above median) intakes of two or more factors had a higher mean haemoglobin (Hb) level and a lower prevalence of anaemia compared with the group with low (below median) intakes of all three dietary constituents.Conclusions:Nutritional advice that aims to improve iron status should emphasize not only rich sources of iron but also factors that may enhance or inhibit absorption. Strategies to optimize iron status in this vulnerable age group include consuming an iron-fortified breakfast cereal, vitamin C-rich fruit or drink at breakfast, and avoiding tea with (or after) meals.

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Association of Lactase Persistence Genotypes (rs4988235) and Ethnicity with Dairy Intake in a Healthy U.S. Population

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11081860 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1860 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Elizabeth L. Chin ◽

Liping Huang ◽

Yasmine Y. Bouzid ◽

Catherine P. Kirschke ◽

Blythe Durbin-Johnson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Assessment ◽

Dairy Product ◽

The United States ◽

Assessment Method ◽

Lactase Persistence ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Cow's Milk ◽

Dairy Intake ◽

Dairy Consumption ◽

Dietary Assessment Method

Lactase persistence (LP) is a trait in which lactose can be digested throughout adulthood, while lactase non-persistence (LNP) can cause lactose intolerance and influence dairy consumption. One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP ID: rs4988235) is often used as a predictor for dairy intake, since it is responsible for LP in people in European descent, and can occur in other ethnic groups. The objective of this study was to determine whether rs4988235 genotypes and ethnicity influence reported dairy consumption in the United States (U.S.). A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and multiple Automated Self-Administered 24-h recalls (ASA24®) were used to measure habitual and recent intake, respectively, of total dairy, cheese, cow’s milk, plant-based alternative milk, and yogurt in a multi-ethnic U.S. cohort genotyped for rs4988235. Within Caucasian subjects, LP individuals reported consuming more recent total dairy and habitual total cow’s milk intake. For subjects of all ethnicities, LP individuals consumed more cheese (FFQ p = 0.043, ASA24 p = 0.012) and recent total dairy (ASA24 p = 0.005). For both dietary assessments, Caucasians consumed more cheese than all non-Caucasians (FFQ p = 0.036, ASA24 p = 0.002) independent of genotype, as well as more recent intake of yogurt (ASA24 p = 0.042). LP subjects consumed more total cow’s milk than LNP, but only when accounting for whether subjects were Caucasian or not (FFQ p = 0.015). Fluid milk and alternative plant-based milk consumption were not associated with genotypes or ethnicity. Our results show that both LP genotype and ethnicity influence the intake of some dairy products in a multi-ethnic U.S. cohort, but the ability of rs4988235 genotypes to predict intake may depend on ethnic background, the specific dairy product, and whether intake is reported on a habitual or recent basis. Therefore, ethnicity and the dietary assessment method should also be considered when determining the suitability of rs4988235 as a proxy for dairy intake.

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Consumption of dairy products and cardiovascular disease risk: results from the French prospective cohort NutriNet-Santé

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114521001422 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-37

Author(s):

Laury Sellem ◽

Bernard Srour ◽

Kim G. Jackson ◽

Serge Hercberg ◽

Pilar Galan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Dairy Consumption ◽

Fermented Dairy ◽

The Impact

Abstract In France, dairy products contribute to dietary saturated fat intake, of which reduced consumption is often recommended for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Epidemiological evidence on the association between dairy consumption and CVD risk remains unclear, suggesting either null or inverse associations. This study aimed to investigate the associations between dairy consumption (overall and specific foods) and CVD risk in a large cohort of French adults. This prospective analysis included participants aged ≥ 18 years from the NutriNet-Santé cohort (2009–2019). Daily dietary intakes were collected using 24h-dietary records. Total dairy, milk, cheese, yogurts, fermented and reduced-fat dairy intakes were investigated. CVD cases (n=1,952) included cerebrovascular (n=878 cases) and coronary heart diseases (CHD, n=1,219 cases). Multivariable Cox models were performed to investigate associations. This analysis included n=104,805 French adults (mean age at baseline 42.8 years (SD 14.6)), mean follow-up 5.5 years (SD 3.0, i.e. 579,155 persons years). There were no significant associations between dairy intakes and total CVD or CHD risks. However, the consumption of at least 160 g/d of fermented dairy (e.g. cheese and yogurts) was associated with a reduced risk of cerebrovascular diseases compared to intakes below 57 g/d (HR=0.81 [0.66-0.98], p-trend=0.01). Despite being a major dietary source of saturated fats, dairy consumption was not associated with CVD or CHD risks in this study. However, fermented dairy was associated with a lower cerebrovascular disease risk. Robust randomized controlled trials are needed to further assess the impact of consuming different dairy foods on CVD risk and potential underlying mechanisms.

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The Impact of Formula Choice for the Management of Pediatric Cow’s Milk Allergy on the Occurrence of Other Allergic Manifestations: The Atopic March Cohort Study

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.2021-053843qq ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 148 (Supplement 3) ◽

pp. S29-S30

Author(s):

Dexter A. Matrana ◽

Elizabeth L. Wisner

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Cow’S Milk Allergy ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Milk Allergy ◽

Atopic March ◽

Cow's Milk ◽

Cow's Milk Allergy ◽

The Impact ◽

Allergic Manifestations

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Dietary and non-dietary determinants of central adiposity among Tehrani women

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980007000882 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 528-534 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Leila Azadbakht ◽

Ahmad Esmaillzadeh

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Central Adiposity ◽

Fat Accumulation ◽

Dairy Consumption ◽

Central Fat

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the correlates of central adiposity.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study.SubjectsA total of 926 women (aged 40–60 years) from all districts of Tehran.MethodsDemographic data were collected and anthropometric indices were measured according to standard protocols. Dietary intakes were assessed by means of a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. The suggested cut-off point for waist-to-hip ratio (WHR≥0.84) for Tehrani people, adjusted for their age group, was used to determine central adiposity. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the correlates of WHR, which were adjusted for age, taking medications and body mass index (BMI). The components of dietary intake were determined by factor analysis. Pearson correlation was used to determine the association between the dietary components and WHR. Analysis of covariance was employed to compare the mean values of WHR in different lifestyle groups, with adjustment for BMI and age.ResultsMean WHR was 0.82 ± 0.06. The possibility of being centrally obese was higher in women with light physical activity (odds ratio: 2.11; 95% confidence interval: 1.40–2.53), depressed women (1.36; 1.02–1.93), smokers (1.21; 1.02–1.56) and unemployed women (1.41; 1.13–1.72). Marriage (1.31; 1.10–1.82), menopause (1.22; 1.02–1.61), low vitamin C intake (2.31; 1.25–4.25) and low calcium intake (1.30; 1.07–3.78) were associated with central fat accumulation. Dairy consumption was inversely correlated with central fat accumulation (r = −0.2, P < 0.05).ConclusionCentral adiposity is associated with poor lifestyle factors including low physical activity, depression, smoking, low intake of vitamin C, low intake of calcium and dairy products and high fat consumption. Thus lifestyle modifications should be encouraged to achieve a healthier body shape.

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