scholarly journals The Role of Iron in Brain Development: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2001
Author(s):  
Samantha McCann ◽  
Marta Perapoch Amadó ◽  
Sophie E. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Early Infancy ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

One-third of children falter in cognitive development by pre-school age. Iron plays an important role in many neurodevelopmental processes, and animal studies suggest that iron sufficiency in pregnancy and infancy is particularly important for neurodevelopment. However, it is not clear whether iron deficiency directly impacts developmental outcomes, and, if so, whether impact differs by timing of exposure or developmental domain. We searched four databases for studies on iron deficiency or iron supplementation in pregnancy, or at 0–6 months, 6–24 months, or 2–4 years of age. All studies included neurodevelopmental assessments in infants or children up to 4 years old. We then qualitatively synthesized the literature. There was no clear relationship between iron status and developmental outcomes across any of the time windows or domains included. We identified a large quantity of low-quality studies, significant heterogeneity in study design and a lack of research focused on pregnancy and early infancy. In summary, despite good mechanistic evidence for the role of iron in brain development, evidence for the impact of iron deficiency or iron supplementation on early development is inconsistent. Further high-quality research is needed, particularly within pregnancy and early infancy, which has previously been neglected.

Role of Iron Supplementation in Reducing Severity of Depression: A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
OJS Admin
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Essential Nutrient ◽  
Severity Of Depression ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Clinical Problems

Depression is a public health disorder, ranking third after respiratory and cardiac diseases. There were many evidences that iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the foremost causes regarding nutritional pointof view for depression. We reviewed these evidences that IDAlinking to depression. We identified seventeen studies in four databases including randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies assessing the impact of IDAand iron supplementation on the risk of depression. We extracted data on the basis of sample size, geographical region, measures of depression, hemoglobin, iron levels and intake of iron supplementation and critically appraised the results from the studies. Eleven out of sixty one studies were experimental, which indicated that dietary supplementation particularly iron supplementation had an association (r − 0.19 to −0.43 and ORs 1.70–4.64) with severity of depression. Evidences showed that women of reproductive age were more vulnerable to iron deficiency anemia than other population. Low ferritin and low hemoglobin level were associated with severity of depression. Iron is an essential nutrient for all living creatures, as a cofactor of various enzymes and plays significant role in environmental stimulant for the articulation of numerous virulence factors. Many clinical problems are caused by iron deficiency. Therefore, this review intended to highlight the important role of iron supplementation in reducing the severity of depression.

The effect of iron supplementation on cognition, subjective mood, well-being and fatigue in women of reproductive age: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Avery ◽  
Philippa Jackson ◽  
Crystal Haskell-Ramsay
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Subjective Fatigue ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIron deficiency remains the most prevalent nutritional deficiency worldwide and is considered the most significant contributor to anaemia onset in children and women of reproductive age in both developing and developed countries. Iron plays a role in neurodevelopment and early deficits in iron have been found to impact hippocampal function affecting cognition and subjective mood. However, it is now recognised that neural structures can adapt throughout the lifespan and it is possible that changes in iron levels beyond infancy could stimulate neural changes and subsequent cognitive deficits at any time of life. Evidence for a causal link through the conduct of intervention studies is still sparse and varied in regards to the impact of iron deficiency in women of reproductive age. Our aim was to systematically review current evidence from intervention studies to determine the impact of iron supplementation upon cognition, subjective mood, well-being and fatigue in women of reproductive age. Searches included PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane and bibliographies. Study selection and risk of bias assessment were duplicated and all intervention studies assessing cognition, subjective fatigue, mood and/or well-being that met the inclusion criteria were included in the review. Fifteen RCTs of women aged 12–49 were included. Nine studies investigated cognitive function following iron supplementation; eight found significant beneficial effects. All studies suggested that a reduced iron status at baseline was detrimental to one or more cognitive parameters, including attention and memory domains. Seven studies investigated subjective fatigue following iron supplementation; five found significant beneficial effects from baseline. Nine studies investigated mood and well-being; seven found significant effects, however they were somewhat conflicting. There is evidence to suggest that iron supplementation can improve attention, memory, subjective fatigue, mood and well-being, but additional studies using consistent measures, intervention methods and definitions of iron deficiency are warranted. Further studies should consider controlling for extraneous variables of diet, lifestyle choices and menstrual cycle to ensure an accurate measure of iron status.

scholarly journals Hepcidin and Iron Deficiency in Women One Year after Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Prospective Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2516
Author(s):  
Thibaud Lefebvre ◽  
Muriel Coupaye ◽  
Marina Esposito-Farèse ◽  
Nathalie Gault ◽  
Neila Talbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Serum Hepcidin ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Iron deficiency with or without anemia, needing continuous iron supplementation, is very common in obese patients, particularly those requiring bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to address the impact of weight loss on the rescue of iron balance in patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG), a procedure that preserves the duodenum, the main site of iron absorption. The cohort included 88 obese women; sampling of blood and duodenal biopsies of 35 patients were performed before and one year after SG. An analysis of the 35 patients consisted in evaluating iron homeostasis including hepcidin, markers of erythroid iron deficiency (soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and erythrocyte protoporphyrin (PPIX)), expression of duodenal iron transporters (DMT1 and ferroportin) and inflammatory markers. After surgery, sTfR and PPIX were decreased. Serum hepcidin levels were increased despite the significant reduction in inflammation. DMT1 abundance was negatively correlated with higher level of serum hepcidin. Ferroportin abundance was not modified. This study shed a new light in effective iron recovery pathways after SG involving suppression of inflammation, improvement of iron absorption, iron supply and efficiency of erythropoiesis, and finally beneficial control of iron homeostasis by hepcidin. Thus, recommendations for iron supplementation of patients after SG should take into account these new parameters of iron status assessment.

scholarly journals Maternal Iron Status in Pregnancy and Child Health Outcomes after Birth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2221
Author(s):  
Hugo G. Quezada-Pinedo ◽  
Florian Cassel ◽  
Liesbeth Duijts ◽  
Martina U. Muckenthaler ◽  
Max Gassmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Child Health Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Iron ◽  
In Pregnancy

In pregnancy, iron deficiency and iron overload increase the risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes, but the effects of maternal iron status on long-term child health are poorly understood. The aim of the study was to systematically review and analyze the literature on maternal iron status in pregnancy and long-term outcomes in the offspring after birth. We report a systematic review on maternal iron status during pregnancy in relation to child health outcomes after birth, from database inception until 21 January 2021, with methodological quality rating (Newcastle-Ottawa tool) and random-effect meta-analysis. (PROSPERO, CRD42020162202). The search identified 8139 studies, of which 44 were included, describing 12,7849 mother–child pairs. Heterogeneity amongst the studies was strong. Methodological quality was predominantly moderate to high. Iron status was measured usually late in pregnancy. The majority of studies compared categories based on maternal ferritin, however, definitions of iron deficiency differed across studies. The follow-up period was predominantly limited to infancy. Fifteen studies reported outcomes on child iron status or hemoglobin, 20 on neurodevelopmental outcomes, and the remainder on a variety of other outcomes. In half of the studies, low maternal iron status or iron deficiency was associated with adverse outcomes in children. Meta-analyses showed an association of maternal ferritin with child soluble transferrin receptor concentrations, though child ferritin, transferrin saturation, or hemoglobin values showed no consistent association. Studies on maternal iron status above normal, or iron excess, suggest deleterious effects on infant growth, cognition, and childhood Type 1 diabetes. Maternal iron status in pregnancy was not consistently associated with child iron status after birth. The very heterogeneous set of studies suggests detrimental effects of iron deficiency, and possibly also of overload, on other outcomes including child neurodevelopment. Studies are needed to determine clinically meaningful definitions of iron deficiency and overload in pregnancy.

Effect of Eradication of Helicobacter pylori and Iron Supplementation on the Iron Status of Children with Iron Deficiency

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ximena Duque ◽  
Segundo Moran ◽  
Robertino Mera ◽  
Mayela Medina ◽  
Homero Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Iron Status

The Importance of Iron To Support Optimum Cognitive Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Rini Sekartini
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
Micronutrient Status ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The fetal brain anatomy development starts during the last trimester of pregnancy and continue in early months of life. This critical process makes it vulnerable to insufficient nutrition, while brain growth continues into adulthood, micronutrient status can affect functioning beyond childhood. Iron is an important nutrient for the production and growth of cells in the immune and neural systems. Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common nutrient deficiency in the world, affecting about half of all pregnant women and their offspring. Iron deficiency anemia has long been believed to have an effect on the central nervous system. Iron deficiency in late trimester and in newborn leads to abnormal cognitive function and emotional control that may continue in adulthood. In summary, despite some evidence that iron supplementation enhances cognitive performance. Evidence of the role of iron in brain development and the effect of iron deficiency or iron supplementation on early development is uncertain.

scholarly journals The impact of Helicobacter pylori infection on iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
EamanMarouf Muhammad ◽  
MiamiAbdul Hassan Ali ◽  
BanHadi Hameed ◽  
HalaHashim Hasoobe
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Anemia In Pregnancy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals A Randomized Controlled Trial of Daily and Weekly Iron Supplementations for Improving Iron Status in the Infants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalinee Pattrakornkul ◽  
Parichaya Ngamcherdtrakul ◽  
Warawut Kriangburapa ◽  
Siriporn Tangjaturonrasme ◽  
Ramorn Yampratoom
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Daily Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Weekly Group

Abstract Background: Iron deficiency anemia screening and iron supplementation in infants aged 6-12 months are recommended in the Guideline in Child Health Supervision. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of weekly iron supplementation compared with daily supplementation in improving the iron status in infants.Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted in infants aged 6 months visiting the Well Child Clinic between May 2019 and November 2020 at Burapha University Hospital, Chonburi, Thailand. The intervention consisted of either daily or weekly iron supplementation combined with iron-rich complementary food promotion for six months. The outcomes were the differences of serum ferritin and hematological variables before and after being iron supplemented. Results: Sixty-nine six-month-old healthy infants were randomized to receive either 10 mg Fe/day (daily group) or 30 mg Fe/week (weekly group). Forty-five infants (daily group; n = 24 and weekly group; n = 21) completed the intervention. After the six-month period of iron supplementation, the mean differences of serum ferritin in the daily and the weekly group were 8.78±37.21 and -13.05 ±17.53 ng/mL, respectively (95%CI: 4.54, 39.12; P=0.015). The mean differences of hemoglobin in the daily and the weekly group were 0.58±0.82 and 0.08±0.59 g/dL, respectively (95%CI: 0.06, 0.93; P=0.026). Daily supplementation could prevent iron deficiency more than weekly supplementation significantly (P=0.029), particularly in the exclusive breastfeeding subgroup (P=0.032).Conclusions: Daily iron supplementation is more effective than weekly iron supplementation in improving iron status and hemoglobin level in infants, especially in the exclusively breast-feds.Trial registration: TCTR20191107001, November 7th, 2019. Retrospectively registered, http://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org

scholarly journals ГЕОГРАФІЧНА СТРУКТУРА УРБАНОФЛОР СТЕПОВОЇ ЗОНИ УКРАЇНИ

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-245
Author(s):  
G. G. Derevyanska ◽  
O. Z. Glukhov
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Urban Flora ◽  
Adventive Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Transition Type

<p>This paper considers the problem of geographic links between the urban flora of steppe zone of Ukraine on the example of the industrial agglomeration Donetsk-Makeyevka, in comparison with urban flora of Kherson and Kirovograd. We presented the detailed description of special features of the composition of geographic elements of the agglomeration flora. It strongly reflects the characteristic features of steppe urban flora, because its territory is affected by the anthropogenic influence at large extend. The spectrum of geographic ranges of species from the agglomeration Donetsk-Makeyevka urban flora numbers 6 types, 12 classes and 130 groups of ranges. The urban flora is both represented by species with wide and local ranges, endemics, that point to its significant heterogeneity. However, compared to the flora of Kherson and Kirovograd, the role of holarctic type of ranges in the agglomeration flora (375 species compared to 400 and 522 species, respectively) is reduced in favor of the polyregional type, reflecting active adventization processes. The holarctic class itself is represented by 150 species (16.7%). It far exceeds the number of species of this class in the regional flora (9.2%), since nearly a half of their number in the observed flora is adventive species. Second place by the number of species in the holarctic class belongs to the European and North American group (13; 1.5%). Apart from this, seven more groups of the class, comprising 1-3 species each, are connected with North America. The polyregional type is represented to a large extent by the species of ruderal habitats. The total number of species of this type is 199. The palaearctic class includes the greatest number of ranges of species from the agglomeration urban flora (31); it consists of 175 species (19.5%), that is less than such index for regional flora (27.3%). The European and Old Mediterranean transition type comprises 97 species (10.8%), that is less than in other urban flora of steppe zone (128; 13.3% in Kherson and 171; 18.0% in Kirovograd). The Nomadic type numbers 132 species (14.7%). One more species – Verbascum marschallianum Ivanina et Tzvelev – is related to the Nomadic and European transition type. The Nomadic and Old Mediterranean transition type includes 93 species (10.4%). This all suggests heterogeneity of urban flora of steppe zone of Ukraine due to their wide geographic connections. On the one hand, they have features of regional flora, which was formed under the great influence of Old Mediterranean flora and has a significant number of narrow-range and endemic species. On the other hand, under the impact of urbanization one can observe the reduction of the role of ranges of the Nomadic type and the enhanced role of the polyregional type due to the significant number of adventive species.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Inflammation in the lungs of patients diagnosed with Cystic Fibrosis: Association with iron deficiency

SURG Journal ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Dawn Armstrong ◽  
Lindsay Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Mediators Of Inflammation ◽  
The Relationship

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is characterized by a wide spectrum of phenotypic characteristics such as; deep coughing, increased mucous production, and weight loss. However, only recently was the role of inflammation on the etiology of the disease recognized. CF is characterized as a cyclic progression of infective exacerbations and stable periods initiated by the presence of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (PA). An increase in inflammatory cytokines/mediators and a decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokines contribute to the net inflammation and overall tissue destruction of the lungs. PA is associated with the low iron status that is seen in 60-75% of the CF population, through the presence of iron sequestering siderophores which distract iron from the tissues. Iron deficiency (ID) initiates further symptoms such as; fatigue, tachycardia, weakness, brittle nails etc, in addition to those caused by CF. The colonization of PA may be the cause or a result of increased iron (ferritin) concentrations in the lungs, but independent of the original relationship, results in a decreased iron status. Iron is used by PA under hypoxic conditions such as in the fibrosis lung, as a source of energy. Studies on the relationship between CF and ID contribute a variety of possible causes although currently no direct connection has been discovered. At this stage, further studies in this area are needed. This review will primarily focus on the affects of CF on iron status in humans, and secondarily examine the effect of mediators of inflammation in respects to ID.

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