Pengaruh Status Gizi dan Tingkat Kelelahan Subjektif terhadap Produktivitas Tenaga Kerja Bagian Linting Rokok di PT. X Kabupaten Malang

The need for cigarette consumption in Indonesia judging by the number of smokers is 64.5 million. As a result, each cigarette factory will produce continuously with one of the resources for production activities coming from human labor, where they are tasked with achieving company goals. However, in practice, human labor is always directed to have a high level of productivity by paying attention to the workload and fulfilling nutritional intake in order to minimize excessive fatigue and maintain stamina. This study was conducted to determine the partial impact of nutritional status and subjective fatigue level on the productivity of the cigarette-rolling workers at PT. X Kabupaten Malang. Where the model used is quantitative analysis with an analytical observational research design, namely a cross-sectional study. The instruments used include the International Fatigue Research Committee (IFRC) questionnaire, Glass Electronic Personal Scale with Camry brand model: EB9003, and Gea brand microtoise. The significance value of the nutritional status variable was 0.857 for the normal BMI category and 0.708 for the obese BMI category which showed no influence between nutritional status and productivity, and the significance value of the subjective fatigue level variable was 0.215 for the low subjective fatigue level category which showed no the effect of subjective fatigue level with productivity. Abstrak: Kebutuhan konsumsi rokok di Indonesia dilihat dari jumlah perokok ialah sebаnyаk 64,5 jutа рerоkоk. Akibatnya setiap pabrik rokok akan memproduksi secara kontinu dengan sumber daya untuk kegiatan produksi salah satunya berasal dari tenaga kerja manusia, dimana mereka bertugas untuk mencapai tujuan perusahaan. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya, tenaga kerja senantiasa diarahkan agar memiliki tingkat produktivitas tinggi dengan cara memperhatikan beban kerja serta pemenuhan asupan gizi guna meminimalisir kelelahan berlebih serta menjaga stamina. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara parsial antara status gizi dan tingkat kelelahan subjektif terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja bagian linting rokok di PT. X Kabupaten Malang. Dimana model yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian observasional analitik yakni studi potong lintang. Instrumen yang digunakan antara lain kuesioner International Fatigue Research Committee (IFRC), Glass Electronic Personal Scale dengan merk Camry model: EB9003, serta microtoise merk Gea. Didapatkan nilai signifikansi dari variabel status gizi sebesar 0.857 untuk kategori IMT normal dan 0.708 untuk kategori IMT gemuk yang menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh antara status gizi dengan produktivitas, serta nilai signifikansi dari variabel tingkat kelelahan subjektif sebesar 0.215 untuk kategori tingkat kelelahan subjektif rendah yang menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh antara tingkat kelelahan subjektif dengan produktivitas.

Fatigue, Social Support, and Depression in Individuals With Coronary Artery Disease

Background: Given that approximately one-third of individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) remain severely fatigued after completion the cardiac rehabilitation, it is necessary to identify reliable intervention targets aimed at reducing fatigue. Perceived social support is closely linked to health outcomes and depressive symptoms in individuals with CAD. However, to our knowledge, the relationship between subjective fatigue levels and social support in those with CAD has not been analyzed.Objective: We aimed to examine the associations between perceived social support and subjective fatigue levels in individuals with CAD with and without depression symptoms.Methods: This cross-sectional study was comprised of 1,036 participants with CAD (57±9years, 77% men) 1–2weeks after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS), Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 (MFI-20), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS).Results: In total, 12% (n=129) of study participants had elevated depression symptoms (HADS score≥8). In individuals with CAD and depressive symptoms, after adjustment for sex, age, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, and anxiety, linear regression analyses showed significant inverse associations between higher social support from others and general, physical fatigue as well as reduced activity and motivation (p<0.001). Following the same method of statistical analysis and control in non-depressed individuals with CAD (88%), social support from family was inversely linked to mental fatigue (p’s<0.05). Similarly, social support from friends was significantly associated with lower general, physical, and mental fatigue as well as reduced activity, while social support from others was significantly associated with lower general and mental fatigue (p’s<0.001). The overall higher total support was linked with reduced motivation (p<0.05) in the depressed study participants, while there was lower general and mental fatigue (p<0.05) in non-depressed individuals.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that fatigue and its features could be associated by the perceived social support in individuals with CAD following ACSs. While in individuals with CAD and depressive symptoms, greater subjective fatigue is associated with less perceived social support from others, higher levels of subjective fatigue in non-depressed individuals with CAD are significantly associated with reduced perceived social support from friends.

Evaluation of a Fatigue Detector Using Eye Closure-Associated Indicators Acquired from Truck Drivers in a Simulator Study

This paper presents a camera-based prototype sensor for detecting fatigue and drowsiness in drivers, which are common causes of road accidents. The evaluation of the detector operation involved eight professional truck drivers, who drove the truck simulator twice—i.e., when they were rested and drowsy. The Fatigue Symptoms Scales (FSS) questionnaire was used to assess subjectively perceived levels of fatigue, whereas the percentage of eye closure time (PERCLOS), eye closure duration (ECD), and frequency of eye closure (FEC) were selected as eye closure-associated fatigue indicators, determined from the images of drivers’ faces captured by the sensor. Three alternative models for subjective fatigue were used to analyse the relationship between the raw score of the FSS questionnaire, and the eye closure-associated indicators were estimated. The results revealed that, in relation to the subjective assessment of fatigue, PERCLOS is a significant predictor of the changes observed in individual subjects during the performance of tasks, while ECD reflects the individual differences in subjective fatigue occurred both between drivers and in individual drivers between the ‘rested’ and ‘drowsy’ experimental conditions well. No relationship between the FEC index and the FSS state scale was found.

Wearable inertial sensors are highly sensitive in the detection of gait disturbances and fatigue at early stages of multiple sclerosis

Background The aim of the current study was to examine multiple gait parameters obtained by wearable inertial sensors and their sensitivity to clinical status in early multiple sclerosis (MS). Further, a potential correlation between gait parameters and subjective fatigue was explored. Methods Automated gait analyses were carried out on 88 MS patients and 31 healthy participants. To measure gait parameters (i.e. walking speed, stride length, stride duration, duration of stance and swing phase, minimal toe-to-floor distance), wearable inertial sensors were utilized throughout a 6-min 25-ft walk. Additionally, self-reported subjective fatigue was assessed. Results Mean gait parameters consistently revealed significant differences between healthy participants and MS patients from as early as an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) value of 1.5 onwards. Further, MS patients showed a significant linear trend in all parameters, reflecting continuously deteriorating gait performance throughout the test. This linear deterioration trend showed significant correlations with fatigue. Conclusions Wearable inertial sensors are highly sensitive in the detection of gait disturbances, even in early MS, where global scales such as the EDSS do not provide any clinical information about deviations in gait behavior. Moreover, these measures provide a linear trend parameter of gait deterioration that may serve as a surrogate marker of fatigue. In sum, these results suggest that classic timed walking tests in routine clinical practice should be replaced by readily and automatically applicable gait assessments, as provided by inertial sensors.

Adolescent Pitcher Fatigue: Ulnar Collateral Ligament Stress, Flexor-Pronator Mass Energy Depletion, and Correlation to Pitch Count

Objectives: There has been a rise in elbow ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries in youth pitchers over recent years. With forearm flexor-pronator mass fatigue, the dynamic stability provided could be diminished placing greater stress on the UCL. Pitch count limits have been instituted in an attempt to help curtail this rise in throwing injuries, especially in youth athletes. In order to provide more objective data regarding current pitch count limits for youth pitchers, the purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate for potential fatigue of the flexor-pronator mass by assessing changes in medial elbow laxity, noninvasively characterizing changes in muscle glycogen storage within the forearm flexor-pronator mass, and evaluating changes in subjective fatigue, strength, range of motion (ROM), pitching velocity, and accuracy with increasing number of pitches thrown by 10-year-old pitchers up to their recommended 75 pitch count limit. Methods: After appropriate power analysis, male pitchers 10 years of age were recruited for the study (n=22). Pitchers threw a total of 75 pitches divided into sets of 25 pitches, with standardized periods of rest in between throws and sets to best simulate a game. Bilateral medial elbow laxity was measured by applying 10 decanewtons of valgus force with a standardized stress device and utilizing ultrasound imaging (Figures 1A-B) prior to pitching and after each pitching set. The change in medial ulnohumeral joint distance (Figure 1C) after stress was applied was calculated from baseline without stress. Relative changes in muscle glycogen storage, detected as changes in echogenicity, within the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) and the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)/flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) muscles were measured non-invasively with ultrasound-based software (Figures 1D-E) and recorded as fuel percentile. Repeated measures analysis of variance and post-hoc testing were used to determine statistical significance (alpha=0.05). Results: There were no significant differences in medial elbow laxity between arms or time points. There was a trend for similar decline in FCR fuel percentile values between each arm, indicating relative decreases in glycogen storage bilaterally. However, only the throwing arm demonstrated a statistically significant decline in fuel percentile from baseline to after 75 pitches (p=0.05). There were no statistically significant differences across time points for FDS/FCU fuel percentile values. Fatigue measurements for both arms were significantly higher at all time points compared to baseline (p≤0.03). Grip strength of the dominant arm after 75 pitches was significantly decreased compared to after 25 pitches (p=0.02). There were no statistically significant changes in other strength measurements, ROM, velocity, or accuracy between all time points. Conclusions: By the recommended 75 pitch count limit in 10-year-olds, subjective fatigue and a decrease in grip strength had occurred. Furthermore, relative glycogen storage of the flexor-pronator mass of the throwing arm decreased between pitching 50 to 75 pitches, but without an increase in medial elbow gapping. This study provides a foundation and raises questions for further objective testing of physiologic changes that occur throughout increasing pitching to better guide pitch count limits and ensure the safety of young athletes

Sleep Deprivation Deteriorates Heart Rate Variability and Photoplethysmography

IntroductionSleep deprivation has deleterious effects on cardiovascular health. Using wearable health trackers, non-invasive physiological signals, such as heart rate variability (HRV), photoplethysmography (PPG), and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) can be analyzed for detection of the effects of partial sleep deprivation on cardiovascular responses.MethodsFifteen participants underwent 1 week of baseline recording (BSL, usual day activity and sleep) followed by 3 days with 3 h of sleep per night (SDP), followed by 1 week of recovery with sleep ad lib (RCV). HRV was recorded using an orthostatic test every morning [root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD), power in the low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) bands, and normalized power nLF and nHF were computed]; PPG and polysomnography (PSG) were recorded overnight. Continuous blood pressure and psychomotor vigilance task were also recorded. A questionnaire of subjective fatigue, sleepiness, and mood states was filled regularly.ResultsRMSSD and HF decreased while nLF increased during SDP, indicating a decrease in parasympathetic activity and a potential increase in sympathetic activity. PPG parameters indicated a decrease in amplitude and duration of the waveforms of the systolic and diastolic periods, which is compatible with increases in sympathetic activity and vascular tone. PSG showed a rebound of sleep duration, efficiency, and deep sleep in RCV compared to BSL. BRS remained unchanged while vigilance decreased during SDP. Questionnaires showed an increased subjective fatigue and sleepiness during SDP.ConclusionHRV and PPG are two markers easily measured with wearable devices and modified by partial sleep deprivation, contradictory to BRS. Both markers showed a decrease in parasympathetic activity, known as detrimental to cardiovascular health.