scholarly journals High Fat Activates O-GlcNAcylation and Affects AMPK/ACC Pathway to Regulate Lipid Metabolism

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1740
Author(s):  
Yuning Pang ◽  
Xiang Xu ◽  
Xiaojun Xiang ◽  
Yongnan Li ◽  
Zengqi Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Dual Inhibitor ◽  
Regulate Lipid Metabolism

A high-fat diet often leads to excessive fat deposition and adversely affects the organism. However, the mechanism of liver fat deposition induced by high fat is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed at acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) to explore the mechanism of excessive liver deposition induced by high fat. In the present study, the ORF of ACC1 and ACC2 were cloned and characterized. Meanwhile, the mRNA and protein of ACC1 and ACC2 were increased in liver fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) or in hepatocytes incubated with oleic acid (OA). The phosphorylation of ACC was also decreased in hepatocytes incubated with OA. Moreover, AICAR dramatically improved the phosphorylation of ACC, and OA significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of the AMPK/ACC pathway. Further experiments showed that OA increased global O-GlcNAcylation and agonist of O-GlcNAcylation significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC. Importantly, the disorder of lipid metabolism caused by HFD or OA could be rescued by treating CP-640186, the dual inhibitor of ACC1 and ACC2. These observations suggested that high fat may activate O-GlcNAcylation and affect the AMPK/ACC pathway to regulate lipid synthesis, and also emphasized the importance of the role of ACC in lipid homeostasis.

Anti-obesity effects of Grifola frondosa through the modulation of lipid metabolism via ceramide in mice fed a high-fat diet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Jiang ◽  
Jie Hao ◽  
Zijian Liu ◽  
Xueting Ma ◽  
Yuxin Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Grifola Frondosa ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Basidiomycete Fungus

Obesity is characterized by massive fat deposition and is related to a series of metabolic complications, such as insulin resistance (IR) and steatohepatitis. Grifola frondosa (GF) is a basidiomycete fungus...

Genistein inhibits high fat diet-induced obesity through miR-222 by targeting BTG2 and adipor1

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 2418-2426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mailin Gan ◽  
Linyuan Shen ◽  
Shujie Wang ◽  
Zhixian Guo ◽  
Ting Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Regulate Lipid Metabolism

Genistein may regulate lipid metabolism in adipose tissue of obese mice by regulating the expression of miR-222 and its target genes, BTG2 and adipor1.

scholarly journals Surface-Displayed Amuc_1100 From Akkermansia muciniphila on Lactococcus lactis ZHY1 Improves Hepatic Steatosis and Intestinal Health in High-Fat-Fed Zebrafish

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng-Li Zhang ◽  
Ya-Lin Yang ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Yao ◽  
Rui Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Recombinant Bacteria

Fatty liver and intestinal barrier damage were widespread in most farmed fish, which severely restrict the development of aquaculture. Therefore, there was an urgent need to develop green feed additives to maintain host liver and intestinal health. In this study, a probiotic pili-like protein, Amuc_1100 (AM protein), was anchored to the surface of Lactococcus lactis ZHY1, and the effects of the recombinant bacteria AM-ZHY1 on liver fat accumulation and intestinal health were evaluated. Zebrafish were fed a basal diet, high-fat diet, and high-fat diet with AM-ZHY1 (108 cfu/g) or control bacteria ZHY1 for 4 weeks. Treatment with AM-ZHY1 significantly reduced hepatic steatosis in zebrafish. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) detection showed that the expression of the lipogenesis [peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors (PPARγ), sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1)] and lipid transport genes (CD36 and FABP6) in the liver were significantly downregulated (p < 0.05), indicating that AM-ZHY1 could reduce liver fat accumulation by inhibiting lipid synthesis and absorption. Moreover, supplementing AM-ZHY1 to a high-fat diet could significantly reduce serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, indicating that liver injury caused by high-fat diets was improved. The expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and interleukin (IL)-6 in the liver decreased significantly (p < 0.05), while IL-1β and IL-10 did not change significantly in the AM-ZHY1 group. Compared to the high-fat diet-fed group, the AM-ZHY1 group, but not the ZHY1 group, significantly increased the expression of intestinal tight junction (TJ) proteins (TJP1a, claudina, claudin7, claudin7b, claudin11a, claudin12, and claudin15a; p < 0.05). Compared to the high-fat diet group, the Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria were significantly reduced and increased in the AM-ZHY1 group, respectively. In conclusion, the recombinant bacteria AM-ZHY1 has the capacity to maintain intestinal health by protecting intestinal integrity and improving intestinal flora structure and improving fatty liver disease by inhibiting lipid synthesis and absorption. This study will lay a foundation for the application of AM protein in improving abnormal fat deposition and restoring the intestinal barrier in fish.

scholarly journals Role of Altered Renal Lipid Metabolism in the Development of Renal Injury Induced by a High-Fat Diet

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 2715-2723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Kume ◽  
Takashi Uzu ◽  
Shin-ichi Araki ◽  
Toshiro Sugimoto ◽  
Keiji Isshiki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals Effect of Walnut Meal Peptides on Hyperlipidemia and Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1410
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yue Yang ◽  
Di-Ying Zhong ◽  
Guo-Liang Wang ◽  
Run-Guang Zhang ◽  
You-Lin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Triglyceride Content

As a natural active substance that can effectively improve blood lipid balance in the body, hypolipidemic active peptides have attracted the attention of scholars. In this study, the effect of walnut meal peptides (WMP) on lipid metabolism was investigated in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The experimental results show that feeding walnut meal peptides counteracted the high-fat diet-induced increase in body, liver and epididymal fat weight, and reduce the serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol and hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride content. Walnut meal peptides also resulted in increased HDL-cholesterol while reducing the atherosclerosis index (AI). Additionally, the stained pathological sections of the liver showed that the walnut meal peptides reduced hepatic steatosis and damage caused by HFD. Furthermore, walnut meal peptide supplementation was associated with normalization of elevated apolipoprotein (Apo)-B and reduced Apo-A1 induced by the high-fat diet and with favorable changes in the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism (LCAT, CYP7A1, HMGR, FAS). The results indicate that walnut meal peptides can effectively prevent the harmful effects of a high-fat diet on body weight, lipid metabolism and liver fat content in rats, and provide, and provide a reference for the further development of walnut meal functional foods.

The effectiveness comparisons of eugenosedin-A, glibenclamide and pioglitazone on diabetes mellitus induced by STZ/NA and high-fat diet in SHR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Li Lin ◽  
Pei-Wen Cheng ◽  
Yi-Chen Tu ◽  
Bor-Chun Yeh ◽  
Bin-Nan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Effective Agent ◽  
Treatment Groups

Abstract Objectives Eugenosedin-A (Eu-A), an adrenergic and serotonergic antagonist, is known to have anti-metabolic syndrome effects. In this study, we evaluated its protective effects against diabetes mellitus (DM) in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) and compared it with two anti-diabetes medications, glibenclamide (Gli) and pioglitazone (Pio). Methods We divided 10-week-old SHRs into five groups: a control group fed a normal diet; an untreated DM group induced by injecting the SHRs with STZ/NA and feeding them a high-fat diet (HFD); and three treated groups (after giving STZ/NA and HFD) gavage given with Eu-A, Gli or Pio (5 mg/kg per day) for 4 weeks. Key findings The untreated DM group weighed less and had hyperglycaemia, hypoinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia. They were also found to have aberrant glucose-dependent insulin pathways, glucose metabolism and lipid synthesis proteins, while the controls did not. Eu-A, Gli and Pio ameliorated the above biochemical parameters in the treatment groups. Eu-A and Pio, but not Gli, improved hypertension and tachycardia. Conclusions Taken together, Eu-A ameliorated DM, hypertension and tachycardia by improving glucose, lipid homeostasis and anti-adrenergic, serotonergic activities. We concluded that Eu-A could be used in the development of an effective agent for controlling DM and its complications.

Differential Modulation of the Metabolic Effects of Diet-Induced Obesity by Probiotic Lactobacillus Paracasei K56 and Prebiotic α-Galactooligosaccharides

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Qing-Qing Min ◽  
Ting Sun ◽  
Jia-Ying Xu ◽  
Yu-Zhong Chen ◽  
Wei-Hsien Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Lactobacillus Paracasei ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
High Level ◽  
Strain Dependent

While both probiotics and prebiotics have an important role in controlling obesity, the effectiveness of probiotic bacteria is strain dependent. Herein, we have examined the role of Lactobacillus paracasei strain K56 and prebiotic α-galactooligosaccharides in modulating metabolic consequences of obesity. To this end, we have employed high fat diet induced obesity in a mouse model. The results show that mice fed a high fat diet exhibited increased body weight, adiposity, and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism. Treatment with L. paracasei K56 and/or α-galactooligosaccharides significantly decreased body and fat weights, particularly when α-galactooligosaccharide was combined with a high level of L. paracasei K56. In conclusion, the treatments with L. paracasei K56 and/or α-galactooligosaccharides significantly modulated against obesity and improved lipid metabolism.

Fubrick tea attenuates high-fat diet induced fat deposition and metabolic disorder by regulating gut microbiota and caffeine metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 6971-6986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Jing ◽  
Xiaoxia Liu ◽  
Mingliang Jin ◽  
Xingbin Yang ◽  
Xin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Caffeine Metabolism

Fubrick tea aqueous extract (FTEs) improved lipid metabolism by regulating gut microbiota and caffeine metabolism in high-fat diet induced obese mice.

scholarly journals Absence of gravin-mediated signaling inhibits development of high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (4) ◽  
pp. H793-H810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiying Fan ◽  
Xing Yin ◽  
Abeer Rababa’h ◽  
Andrea Diaz Diaz ◽  
Cori S. Wijaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Element Binding Protein ◽  
Sterol Regulatory Element

Gravin, an A-kinase anchoring protein, is known to play a role in regulating key processes that lead to inflammation and atherosclerosis development, namely, cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. We investigated the role of gravin in the development of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia. Five-week-old male wild-type (WT) and gravin-t/t mice were fed a normal diet or an HFD for 16 wk. Gravin-t/t mice showed significantly lower liver-to-body-weight ratio, cholesterol, triglyceride, and very low-density lipoprotein levels in serum as compared with WT mice on HFD. Furthermore, there was less aortic plaque formation coupled with decreased lipid accumulation and liver damage, as the gravin-t/t mice had lower levels of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Additionally, gravin-t/t HFD-fed mice had decreased expression of liver 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase, an essential enzyme for cholesterol synthesis and lower fatty acid synthase expression. Gravin-t/t HFD-fed mice also exhibited inhibition of sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) expression, a liver transcription factor associated with the regulation of lipid transportation. In response to platelet-derived growth factor receptor treatment, gravin-t/t vascular smooth muscle cells exhibited lower intracellular calcium transients and decreased protein kinase A- and protein kinase C-dependent substrate phosphorylation, notably involving the Erk1/2 signaling pathway. Collectively, these results suggest the involvement of gravin-dependent regulation of lipid metabolism via the reduction of SREBP-2 expression. The absence of gravin-mediated signaling lowers blood pressure, reduces plaque formation in the aorta, and decreases lipid accumulation and damage in the liver of HFD mice. Through these processes, the absence of gravin-mediated signaling complex delays the HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The gravin scaffolding protein plays a key role in the multiple enzymatic pathways of lipid metabolism. We have shown for the first time the novel role of gravin in regulating the pathways related to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Specifically, an absence of gravin-mediated signaling decreases the lipid levels (cholesterol, triglyceride, and VLDL) that are associated with sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 downregulation.

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