scholarly journals Low Protein Intakes and Poor Diet Quality Associate with Functional Limitations in US Adults with Diabetes: A 2005–2016 NHANES Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2582
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Fanelli ◽  
Owen J. Kelly ◽  
Jessica L. Krok-Schoen ◽  
Christopher A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Muscle Loss ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Physical Limitations

Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk for sarcopenia. Moreover, sarcopenia correlates with increased risk for falls, fractures, and mortality. This study aimed to explore relationships among nutrient intakes, diet quality, and functional limitations in a sample of adults across levels of glycemic control. Data were examined from 23,487 non-institutionalized adults, 31 years and older, from the 2005–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Hemoglobin A1c (%) was used to classify level of glycemic control: non-diabetes (<5.7%); pre-diabetes (5.7–6.4%); diabetes (≥6.5%). Dietary data were collected from a single 24-h dietary recall. Participants were categorized as meeting or below the protein recommendation of 0.8 g/kg of body weight. Physical functioning was assessed across 19-discrete physical tasks. Adults below the protein recommendation consumed significantly more carbohydrate and had lower diet quality across all glycemic groups compared to those who met the protein recommendation (p < 0.001). Adults with diabetes who did not meet protein recommendations had significantly poorer diet quality and significantly higher mean number of functional limitations. A greater percent of adults with diabetes who did not meet the protein recommendation reported being physically limited for most activities, with more than half (52%) reporting limitations for stooping, crouching, and kneeling. This study underscores the potential for physical limitations associated with low protein intakes, especially in adults with diabetes. In the longer term, low protein intakes may result in increased risk of muscle loss, as protein intake is a critical nutritional factor for prevention of sarcopenia, functional limitations, and falls.

scholarly journals How Does Diet Change with A Diagnosis of Diabetes? Protocol of the 3D Longitudinal Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Burch ◽  
Lauren Williams ◽  
Harriet Makepeace ◽  
Clair Alston-Knox ◽  
Lauren Ball
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Diet Change ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Telephone Surveys ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Data Collection Point ◽  
Quality Tool

Diet quality influences glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), impacting their risk of complications. While there are many cross-sectional studies of diet and diabetes, there is little understanding of the extent to which people with T2D change their diet after diagnosis and of the factors that impact those changes. This paper describes the rationale for and design of the 3D longitudinal Study which aims to: (i) describe diet quality changes in the 12 months following T2D diagnosis, (ii) identify the demographic, physical and psychosocial predictors of sustained improvements in diet quality and glycemic control, and (iii) identify associations between glycemic control and diet quality in the 12 months following diagnosis. This cohort study will recruit adults registered with the Australian National Diabetes Services Scheme who have been recently diagnosed with T2D. Participants will be involved in five purposefully developed telephone surveys, conducted at 3 monthly intervals over a 12-month period. Diet quality will be determined using a 24-h dietary recall at each data collection point and the data will be scored using the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet-quality tool. This study is the first dedicated to observing how people newly diagnosed with T2D change their diet quality over time and the predictors of sustained improvements in diet and glycemic control.

scholarly journals Association between Ready-to-Eat Cereal Consumption and Nutrient Intake, Nutritional Adequacy, and Diet Quality in Adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2016

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2952
Author(s):  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Neha Jain ◽  
Vipra Vanage ◽  
Norton Holschuh ◽  
Anne Hermetet Agler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
National Health ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition

This study examined differences in dietary intake between ready-to-eat cereal eaters and non-eaters in adults from the United States. Participants (n = 5163) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2016 were included. One-day dietary recall was used to define ready-to-eat cereal consumption status and estimate dietary intake in eaters and non-eaters. Data from Food Patterns Equivalent Database 2015–2016 were used to compare intakes of food groups by consumption status. Diet quality was assessed by Healthy Eating Index 2015. Nineteen percent of US adults were ready-to-eat cereal eaters; they had a similar level of energy intake as non-eaters, but they had significantly higher intake of dietary fiber, and several vitamins and minerals, such as calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, zinc, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin D. They were also more likely to meet nutrient recommendations. Compared to non-eaters, ready-to-eat cereal eaters had the same level of added sugar intake but they had significantly higher intake of whole grains, total fruits, and dairy products. The diet quality of ready-to-eat cereal eaters was significantly higher than that of non-eaters. The study supports that ready-to-eat cereal eaters have better dietary intake with a healthier dietary pattern than non-eaters in the United States.

scholarly journals TheType 2 Deiodinase Thr92Ala PolymorphismIs Associated with Worse Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Zhang ◽  
Jie Sun ◽  
Wenqing Han ◽  
Yaqiu Jiang ◽  
Shiqiao Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Objective. Type 2 deiodinase (Dio2) is an enzyme responsible for the conversion of T4 to T3. The Thr92Ala polymorphism has been shown related to an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study is to assess the association between this polymorphism and glycemic control in T2DM patients as marked by the HbA1C levels.Design and Methods.The terms “rs225014,” “thr92ala,” “T92A,” or “dio2 a/g” were used to search for eligible studies in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases and Google Scholar. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies including both polymorphism testing and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) assays were performed.Results. Four studies were selected, totaling 2190 subjects. The pooled mean difference of the studies was 0.48% (95% CI, 0.18–0.77%), indicating that type 2 diabetics homozygous for the Dio2 Thr92Ala polymorphism had higher HbA1C levels.Conclusions. Homozygosity for the Dio2 Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with higher HbA1C levels in T2DM patients. To confirm this conclusion, more studies of larger populations are needed.

scholarly journals Cooking at Home, Fast Food, Meat Consumption, and Dietary Carbon Footprint among US Adults

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 853
Author(s):  
Julia A. Wolfson ◽  
Amelia M. Willits-Smith ◽  
Cindy W. Leung ◽  
Martin C. Heller ◽  
Donald Rose
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Recall Data ◽  
Eating Fast ◽  
At Home

Shifting consumer behavior towards more sustainable diets can benefit environmental sustainability and human health. Although more frequent home cooking is associated with a better diet quality and fast-food consumption with worse diet quality, the environmental impact of diets based on frequency of cooking or eating fast food is not well understood. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the frequency of cooking dinner at home or eating fast food is associated with dietary greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE). We linked 24-h dietary recall data from adult respondents in the 2007–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (N = 11,469) to a database of GHGE factors to obtain a measure of dietary GHGE (kgCO2-eq/2000 kcal) (the sum of emissions released in the production of food for an individual’s diet), adjusted by energy intake (kgCO2-eq/2000 kcal). We examined associations between frequency of cooking dinner (the only meal for which cooking frequency was measured), frequency of eating fast food, and dietary GHGE and protein sources (beef, pork, poultry, other meat, and fish and seafood (g/2000 kcal)) using generalized linearized regression models that controlled for age, sex, and other socio-economic characteristics. Greater cooking frequency was associated with higher dietary GHGE. In fully adjusted models, cooking 5–6 times/week was associated with an additional 0.058 kgCO2-eq/2000 kcal (SE 0.033) and cooking 7 times/week was associated with an additional 0.057 kgCO2-eq/2000 kcal (SE 0.027) when compared to cooking 0–2 times/week. Individuals in households who cooked dinner more frequently consumed significantly more meat, poultry, and fish (cooking 7 times/week: 148.7 g/2000 kcal vs. cooking 0–2 times/week: 135.4 g/2000 kcal, p-trend = 0.005), which could explain the association with a higher carbon footprint diet. There were few associations of note between fast-food frequency and GHGE. Policies and interventions that reduce consumption of meat and increase consumption of plants when both cooking meals at home and eating meals out are needed to shift toward diets that will be beneficial for both human health and the health of the planet.

Abstract 17285: Metabolite-Derived Network Reveals Cluster of Acylcholine Metabolites Associated With Better Diet Quality and Lower Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes: Findings From the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle E Haslam ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Liming Liang ◽  
Rachel S Kelly ◽  
Clemens Wittenbecher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Cluster Score ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction: Puerto Rican (PR) adults living on the US mainland are at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), and dietary factors may contribute to this increased risk. Network analysis is a data-reduction tool that can identify correlated clusters of co-regulated metabolites that reflect mechanisms underlying diet-T2D associations. Hypothesis: Diet quality will associate with T2D-associated metabolite clusters among PR adults. Methods: We used LC/MS to measure fasting plasma metabolites (>700) among Boston PR Health Study participants, aged 45-75 years, with (n=258) and without (n=421) T2D. We applied an unsupervised correlation network-based method to identify metabolite clusters within a global metabolite network and calculated a score for each cluster using a weighted sum of metabolite concentrations. To estimate diet quality, we calculated a modified version of a previously validated American Heart Association diet score (AHA-DS). Logistic regression was used to assess cross-sectional associations between metabolite clusters and prevalent T2D, and linear regression was used to assess associations between the continuous AHA-DS and T2D-associated metabolite clusters among controls, adjusting for potential confounders and correcting for multiple testing. Results: We identified 7 metabolite clusters that were associated with prevalent T2D ( p <0.05). For every 1-standard deviation (SD) increase in cluster score, the odds ratios for prevalent T2D and 95% confidence intervals were as the follows: acylcholines [0.40 (0.31, 0.50)], aromatic hydrocarbon derivatives [0.33 (0.22, 0.47)], sphingolipids [0.46 (0.33, 0.64)], tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle amino acids/peptides [0.39 (0.25, 0.62)], branched-chain amino acid metabolites [4.1 (2.9, 6.0)], acylcarnitines [1.8 (1.3, 2.5)], and TCA cycle/energy metabolites [2.0 (1.4, 3.0)]. The AHA-DS was only significantly associated with the acylcholine metabolites cluster [β (standard error) = 0.01 (0.004) SD increase in cluster score, p=0.02]. Conclusions: In individuals of PR descent, we identified a cluster of acylcholine metabolites where concentrations are higher among those with better diet quality and lower among those with prevalent T2D.

scholarly journals Long-term BMI change trajectories in Chinese adults and its association with the hazard of type 2 diabetes: evidence from a 20-year China Health and Nutrition Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000879
Author(s):  
Baibing Mi ◽  
Chenlu Wu ◽  
Xiangyu Gao ◽  
Wentao Wu ◽  
Jiaoyang Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Change Trajectories ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Increased Risk

IntroductionTo investigate the relationship between long-term change trajectory in body mass index (BMI) and the hazard of type 2 diabetes among Chinese adults.Research design and methodsData were obtained from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Type 2 diabetes was reported by participants themselves in each survey wave. The duration of follow-up was defined as the period from the first visit to the first time self-reported type 2 diabetes, death, or other loss to follow-up from CHNS. The patterns of change trajectories in BMI were derived by latent class trajectory analysis method. The Fine and Gray regression model was used to estimate HRs with corresponding 95% CIs for type 2 diabetes.ResultsFour patterns of the trajectories of change in BMI were identified among Chinese adults, 42.7% of participants had stable BMI change, 40.8% for moderate BMI gain, 8.9% for substantial BMI gain and 7.7% for weight loss. During the follow-up with mean 11.2 years (158 637 person-years contributed by 14 185 participants), 498 people with type 2 diabetes (3.7%) occurred. Risk of type 2 diabetes was increased by 47% among people who gained BMI more substantially and rapidly (HR: 1.47, 95% CI 1.08 to 2.02, p=0.016) and increased by 20% among those in people with the moderate BMI gain (HR: 1.20, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.48, p=0.078), compared with those with stable BMI change.ConclusionsLong-term substantial gain of BMI was significantly associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in the Chinese adults.

The Role of Anti-obesity Drugs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2013 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla Hollander ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Us ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Obesity Drugs

The prevalence of diabetes continues to rise, following the rising rates of obesity. Obesity is not only associated with an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes but also an elevated probability of developing long-term complications associated with the disease. Weight gain is also an important concern as a potential side effect of therapies that improve glycemic control in diabetes, including insulin therapy. As a result, patients with type 2 diabetes are at risk for a vicious circle of increasing weight and increasing insulin resistance, thus requiring further intensification of glycemic treatment. It is therefore important to address the problem of obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes. In 2012, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved two new anti-obesity medications: lorcaserin and phentermine/topiramate extended-release. Both agents have demonstrated clinically meaningful weight reduction as well as significant improvements in glycemic control in obese patients with diabetes. Liraglutide has also shown weight loss and improvements in glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Anti-obesity drugs, in conjunction with lifestyle changes, may play a valuable role in the management of diabetes.

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