Grandmothers Raising Grandchildren: Predictors of Healthcare Access and Financial Security During COVID-19

Grandmothers living with or raising grandchildren who had just completed the final data point of an NIH-funded, national, behavioral RCT were asked to complete an additional data collection point to capture the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on their families’ access to healthcare and financial security. In Spring 2020, 258 grandmothers completed measures of access to healthcare and financial security (3 and 4 item composite scales), family strain, family functioning, and psychosocial and demographic variables. Financial security (Adj. R2=.52) was explained by knowing other grandfamilies; better family functioning; and fewer financial worries, unmet service needs, and depressive symptoms. Access to healthcare (Adj. R2=.24) was explained by being married, employed and having fewer financial worries and unmet service needs. Findings that family functioning, knowing other grandfamilies and depressive symptoms contributed to financial security, and that marital and employment status affect access to healthcare show the importance of support.

Automatic Motion Control System of Roundness Testing Machine

Roundness has an important role in terms of dividing the load equally, determining component life, determining adjustment conditions, determining rotation accuracy, and facilitating lubrication. To measure the roundness required a tool that can perform measurements with precision. With a roundness measuring instrument that has an automatic motion control system it will be able to produce more efficient data retrieval and higher accuracy than previous research. The control system in this tool is a system that regulates the automatic movement of the roundness gauge. Where the function of this automatic motion control system is to measure the test object using a chuck as a clamp, the indicator dial is directed by the X and Y axes to the data collection point on the test object which is connected to the driving motor. Axis Y moves in translation to direct the indicator dial on the "arm" to the pick-up point which moves automatically depending on the selected data collection mode, then the indicator dial starts taking measurement data until the measurement data retrieval is complete, then the motor moves from top to bottom, to perform reversible data retrieval. Stepper motor on the chuck will also move. There are 2 mode in this machine, it is mode 1, where the resulting data is in the form of a "ring" and for mode 2, the resulting data is “spiral”. It was found that the translational speed of the screw shaft in the vertical movement is 0.025 m/s and the horizontal linear speed is 0.026 m/s.

Implications for Policy and Practice

Chapter 9 illustrates the circumstances of the authors’ street-involved youth sample at the time of the last data collection point, further implications of early life trauma, and the unfairness of social policy, with suggestions for helping street-involved youth reintegrate into mainstream social institutions more easily. The youth at this point in their lives were either stable and engaged, stable and unengaged, unstable and engaged, or unstable and unengaged. Only youth in the last category were truly in difficulty, but youth in the other three categories were often left out of supports that other young people take for granted. This points to the mismatch between age and social structure, and in part this is a consequence of education, work, and social services not being responsive to their life circumstances or focused on short-term goals rather than inclusion.

Juvenile Delinquency and Its Coping Strategy: An Islamic Education Perspective

This research is aimed to portrait the juvenile delinquency and strategy to cope it from Islamic education point of view. The fact that numbers of juvenile delinquency is increasing from time to time has become ironic because the adolescents involved in delinquency and crime are also students. School is a place that formally not only to provide students with knowledge and science, but also to educate them to have good character and attitude. This type of research, seen from the data collection point of view, is a type of library research by using content analysis method in analysing data. The research found that from the islamic education perspective, the synchronization of education between the family environment, community environment and school environment in the form of cultivation of morality/religion in the family, cultivation of morals/religion in schools and also by widening knowledge is the best strategy in coping juvenile delinquency.

Jump-Starting the Socialization Experience: The Longitudinal Role of Day 1 Newcomer Resources on Adjustment

We examine the newcomer adjustment patterns of 985 new hires at a Fortune 500 technology organization across their first year on the job. Data were collected from newcomers, their managers, and company records from organizational entry (employee’s first day) to the end of the first year of employment. We examined, first, whether newcomer resources (material, personal, social, and status resources) related to early newcomer adjustment levels (role clarity, task mastery, and acceptance) and rates of adjustment and, second, how newcomer resources and the rate of adjustment related to manager ratings of newcomer adjustment at 9 and 12 months post-entry. The average of every adjustment variable was higher at the latest data collection point, indicating that time was on newcomers’ side and was related, overall, to higher adjustment levels. Finally, we explored which resources related to the three newcomer adjustment indicators and the shapes adjustment trajectories took depending on resources at organizational entry. Results indicated that personal resources (proactive personality, optimism, and organizational knowledge) were related to early adjustment. Regarding material resources, having a work station ready the first day on the job was related to adjustment. For social resources, meeting one’s manager the first day on the job was related to early social acceptance. For status resources, greater newcomer job level was unexpectedly not related to early adjustment. We found partial support for the direct relationships between early adjustment levels or adjustment rates and manager ratings of adjustment at 9 months but limited support for manager ratings of adjustment at 12 months.

How much effort is enough? Unlocking customer fanaticism in services industries

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the antecedents of fanaticism through the lens of attribution theory and “norm of reciprocity”. It is proposed that consumers will reward firms with high perceived effort, including both general and specific effort by increasing their loyalty and becoming a fan of the company. Design/methodology/approach The data are collected in a high-tech services industry, mobile phone services. A paper-based survey using mall intercept technique was employed in this study. The sampling design was a combination of convenience sampling (any adult who happened to be at a given location on a given day and time) and system probability sampling (every fifth adult who passed the data collection point was approached and asked to participate in the study). The final sample size is 600. Findings The antecedents of fanaticism are identified as both firm’s general effort (i.e. service quality and innovativeness) and specific effort (i.e. perceived reciprocity). In addition, perceived regulatory control moderated the relationship between innovativeness, part of firm’s general effort and customer fanaticism. To be more specific, perceived regulatory control increased the effect of perceived innovativeness on fanatical loyalty. Originality/value The introduction of the role of perceived regulatory control in the interactions between firms and customers has not been adopted in previous research and can contribute a new body of knowledge to the current literature. This research has implications for service providers, especially in high-tech industries.

How Does Diet Change with A Diagnosis of Diabetes? Protocol of the 3D Longitudinal Study

Diet quality influences glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), impacting their risk of complications. While there are many cross-sectional studies of diet and diabetes, there is little understanding of the extent to which people with T2D change their diet after diagnosis and of the factors that impact those changes. This paper describes the rationale for and design of the 3D longitudinal Study which aims to: (i) describe diet quality changes in the 12 months following T2D diagnosis, (ii) identify the demographic, physical and psychosocial predictors of sustained improvements in diet quality and glycemic control, and (iii) identify associations between glycemic control and diet quality in the 12 months following diagnosis. This cohort study will recruit adults registered with the Australian National Diabetes Services Scheme who have been recently diagnosed with T2D. Participants will be involved in five purposefully developed telephone surveys, conducted at 3 monthly intervals over a 12-month period. Diet quality will be determined using a 24-h dietary recall at each data collection point and the data will be scored using the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet-quality tool. This study is the first dedicated to observing how people newly diagnosed with T2D change their diet quality over time and the predictors of sustained improvements in diet and glycemic control.

Inter-occupational cooperation and boundary work in the hospital setting

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to add a little piece to the research on boundary work and inter-occupational cooperation by addressing two questions: how do actors perform boundary work in an inter-occupational cooperation project that seeks to improve the personnel health work in a hospital setting? What impact does the boundary work have on such cooperation in the personnel health project? Design/methodology/approach The study is based on individual, in-depth interviews and participative observations of focus group discussions conducted at a regional municipal organization in Sweden. Respondents are hospital line managers, experts and strategists in the HR departments, and experts from the internal occupational health service. Findings The concepts on boundary work, which include closing/opening boundary strategies, provide the framework for the empirical illustrations. The cooperation runs smoothly in the rehabilitation work because of an agreed upon process in which the professionals’ jurisdictions are preserved through closing strategies. Illness prevention and health promotion are not areas of inter-occupational cooperation because the stronger actors use closing strategies. While the weaker actors, who try to cooperate, use opening boundary strategies in these areas, they are excluded or marginalized. Research limitations/implications The empirical investigation concerns one cooperation project and was completed at one data collection point. Originality/value No similar study of boundary work and inter-occupational cooperation in a hospital setting is available despite the frequency of this professional group configuration in practice. A more inclusive concept of professionalism may facilitate the study of boundary work and inter-occupational cooperation among actors with different professional authority.

Cleaning up the paper trail – our clinical notes in open view

Purpose Ireland’s physicians have a legal and an ethical duty to protect confidential patient information. Most healthcare records in Ireland remain paper based, so the purpose of this paper is to: assess the protection afforded to paper records; log highest risk records; note the variations that occurred during the working week; and observe the varying protection that occurred when staff, students and public members were present. Design/methodology/approach A customised audit tool was created using Sphinx software. Data were collected for three months. All wards included in the study were visited once during four discrete time periods across the working week. The medical records trolley’s location was noted and total unattended medical records, total unattended nursing records, total unattended patient lists and when nursing personnel, medical students, public and a ward secretary were visibly present were recorded. Findings During 84 occasions when the authors visited wards, unattended medical records were identified on 33 per cent of occasions, 49 per cent were found during weekend visiting hours and just 4 per cent were found during morning rounds. The unattended medical records belonged to patients admitted to a medical specialty in 73 per cent of cases and a surgical specialty in 27 per cent. Medical records were found unattended in the nurses’ station with much greater frequency when the ward secretary was off duty. Unattended nursing records were identified on 67 per cent of occasions the authors visited the ward and were most commonly found unattended in groups of six or more. Practical implications This study is a timely reminder that confidential patient information is at risk from inappropriate disclosure in the hospital. There are few context-specific standards for data protection to guide healthcare professionals, particularly paper records. Nursing records are left unattended with twice the frequency of medical records and are found unattended in greater numbers than medical records. Protection is strongest when ward secretaries are on duty. Over-reliance on vigilant ward secretaries could represent a threat to confidential patient information. Originality/value While other studies identified data protection as an issue, this study assesses how data security varies inside and outside conventional working hours. It provides a rationale and an impetus for specific changes across the whole working week. By identifying the on-duty ward secretary’s favourable effect on medical record security, it highlights the need for alternative arrangements when the ward secretary is off duty. Data were collected prospectively in real time, giving a more accurate healthcare record security snapshot in each data collection point.