Diet and Leukocyte Telomere Length in a Population with Extended Longevity: The Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES)

Elderly Costa Ricans have lower mortality rates compared to their counterparts from developed countries. Reasons for this survival advantage are not completely known. In the present study, we aimed to identify dietary factors associated with leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a marker of biologic aging, in the elderly population of Costa Rica. We conducted prospective analysis in 909 participants aged 60+ years from the Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES). We used a food frequency questionnaire to assess usual diet. We calculated dietary patterns using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). We used generalized linear models to examine the association of dietary patterns and food groups with leukocyte telomere length. We found two major dietary patterns explaining 9.15% and 7.18% of the total variation of food intake, respectively. The first dietary pattern, which represents a traditional Costa Rican rice and beans pattern, was more frequent in rural parts of the country and was positively associated with baseline LTL: β (95% CI) = 42.0 base-pairs (bp) (9.9 bp, 74.1 bp) per one-unit increase of the traditional dietary pattern. In analysis of individual food groups, intake of grains was positively associated with baseline LTL: β (95% CI) = 43.6 bp (13.9 bp, 73.3 bp) per one-serving/day increase of consumption of grains. Our results suggest that dietary factors, in particular a traditional food pattern, are associated with telomere length and may contribute to the extended longevity of elderly Costa Ricans.

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Testosterone-Associated Dietary Pattern Predicts Low Testosterone Levels and Hypogonadism

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10111786 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1786 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Tzu-Yu Hu ◽

Yi Chen ◽

Pei Lin ◽

Chun-Kuang Shih ◽

Chyi-Huey Bai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fat Mass ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Transferrin Saturation ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

The Body ◽

Food Groups ◽

Reduced Rank Regression ◽

Nutrient Metabolism

Obesity and low serum testosterone (T) levels are interrelated and strongly influenced by dietary factors, and their alteration entails a great risk of hypogonadism. Substantial evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between nutrient metabolism (e.g., glucose, lipids, and iron) and T levels in men; however, T-related dietary patterns remain unclear. This study investigated the dietary patterns associated with serum total T levels and its predictive effect on hypogonadism and the body composition. Anthropometry, blood biochemistry, and food frequency questionnaires were collected for 125 adult men. Dietary patterns were derived using a reduced rank regression from 32 food groups. Overall prevalence rates of central obesity and hypogonadism were 48.0% and 15.7%, respectively. An adjusted linear regression showed that age, insulin, red blood cell (RBC) aggregation, and transferrin saturation independently predicted serum total T levels (all p < 0.01). The total T-related dietary pattern (a high consumption of bread and pastries, dairy products, and desserts, eating out, and a low intake of homemade foods, noodles, and dark green vegetables) independently predicted hypogonadism (odds ratio: 5.72; 95% confidence interval: 1.11‒29.51, p < 0.05) for those with the highest dietary pattern scores (Q4) compared to those with the lowest (Q1). Scores were also negatively correlated with the skeletal muscle mass (p for trend = 0.002) but positively correlated with the total body fat mass (p for trend = 0.002), visceral fat mass (p for trend = 0.001), and to a lesser extent, subcutaneous fat mass (p for trend = 0.035) after adjusting for age. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm that improvement in dietary pattern can improve T levels and reduce hypogonadism.

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Correlates of longitudinal leukocyte telomere length in the Costa Rican Longevity Study of Healthy Aging (CRELES): On the importance of DNA collection and storage procedures

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0223766 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. e0223766 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Luis Rosero-Bixby ◽

David H. Rehkopf ◽

William H. Dow ◽

Jue Lin ◽

Elissa S. Epel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Telomere Length ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Costa Rican ◽

Leukocyte Telomere Length ◽

Dna Collection ◽

And Storage

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Comparison of two exploratory dietary patterns in association with the metabolic syndrome in a Northern German population

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114514002098 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 112 (8) ◽

pp. 1364-1372 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Janett Barbaresko ◽

Sabine Siegert ◽

Manja Koch ◽

Imke Aits ◽

Wolfgang Lieb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Processed Meat ◽

German Population ◽

Food Groups ◽

Reduced Rank Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

Diet is related to many chronic disease conditions such as the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We set out to compare behaviour-related with disease-related patterns and their association with the MetS in a German cross-sectional study. A total of 905 participants of a Northern German cohort (aged 25–82 years) completed a FFQ, underwent anthropometric assessments and provided a blood sample. Dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced-rank regression (RRR) from forty-two food groups. Components of the MetS were used as response variables for the RRR analysis. Simplified patterns comprising ten food groups were generated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the likelihood of having the MetS across the quartiles of simplified pattern scores. We identified two similar dietary patterns derived by PCA and RRR characterised by high intakes of potatoes, various vegetables, red and processed meat, fats, sauce and bouillon. Comparing simplified patterns, an increased RRR pattern score was associated with a higher OR (2·18, 95 % CI 1·25, 3·81) of having the MetS than an increased PCA pattern score (OR 1·92, 95 % CI 1·21, 3·03). Comparing concordant food groups by both dietary pattern methods, a diet high in legumes, beef, processed meat and bouillon was also positively associated with the prevalence of the MetS after adjustment for potential confounders (OR 1·71, 95 % CI 1·04, 2·79). We identified a behaviour-related pattern that was positively associated with the MetS. The application of both dietary pattern methods may be advantageous to obtain information for designing and realising dietary guidelines. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the results.

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P-051: Leukocyte telomere length is associated with lean mass: data from the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II)

European Geriatric Medicine ◽

10.1016/s1878-7649(15)30154-6 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. S45

Author(s):

A. Meyer ◽

B. Salewsky ◽

E. Steinhagen-Thiessen ◽

K. Norman ◽

I. Demuth

Keyword(s):

Telomere Length ◽

Lean Mass ◽

Leukocyte Telomere Length ◽

Mass Data ◽

Aging Study

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Red Blood Cell Aggregation-Associated Dietary Pattern Predicts Hyperlipidemia and Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10081127 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1127 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Pei Lin ◽

Chun-Chao Chang ◽

Kuo-Ching Yuan ◽

Hsing-Jung Yeh ◽

Sheng-Uei Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Blood Cell ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Iron Status ◽

Transferrin Saturation ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Reduced Rank Regression ◽

Rbc Aggregation

Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation and iron status are interrelated and strongly influenced by dietary factors, and their alterations pose a great risk of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Currently, RBC aggregation-related dietary patterns remain unclear. This study investigated the dietary patterns that were associated with RBC aggregation and their predictive effects on hyperlipidemia and MetS. Anthropometric and blood biochemical data and food frequency questionnaires were collected from 212 adults. Dietary patterns were derived using reduced rank regression from 32 food groups. Adjusted linear regression showed that hepcidin, soluble CD163, and serum transferrin saturation (%TS) independently predicted RBC aggregation (all p < 0.01). Age-, sex-, and log-transformed body mass index (BMI)-adjusted prevalence rate ratio (PRR) showed a significant positive correlation between RBC aggregation and hyperlipidemia (p-trend < 0.05). RBC aggregation and iron-related dietary pattern scores (high consumption of noodles and deep-fried foods and low intake of steamed, boiled, and raw food, dairy products, orange, red, and purple vegetables, white and light-green vegetables, seafood, and rice) were also significantly associated with hyperlipidemia (p-trend < 0.05) and MetS (p-trend = 0.01) after adjusting for age, sex, and log-transformed BMI. Our results may help dieticians develop dietary strategies for preventing dyslipidemia and MetS.

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Comparing two methods for deriving dietary patterns associated with risk of metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and elderly Taiwanese adults with impaired kidney function

10.21203/rs.3.rs-29635/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Adi Lukas Kurniawan ◽

Chien-Yeh Hsu ◽

Hsiu-An Lee ◽

Hsiao-Hsien Rau ◽

Rathi Paramastri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Kidney Function ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Principal Component ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Food Groups ◽

Reduced Rank Regression ◽

Sugary Drinks

Abstract Background: Dietary patterns were associated with the risk of chronic disease development and outcome-related diseases. In this study, we aimed to compare the correlation between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome (MetS) using two methods for identifying dietary patterns.Methods: The participants (n = 25,569) aged ≥ 40 years with impaired kidney function were retrieved from Mei Jau (MJ) Health Screening database from 2008 to 2010. Dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced rank regression (RRR) from twenty-two food groups using PROC FACTOR and PROC PLS functions.Results: We identified two similar dietary pattern characteristics (high intakes of deep fried foods, preserved or processed foods, dipping sauce, meat, sugary drinks, organ meats, jam/honey, fried rice/flour products, instant noodles and eggs) derived by PCA and RRR. Logistic regression analysis revealed that RRR-derived dietary pattern scores were positively associated with an odds ratio (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.56, 1.86) of having MetS than PCA-derived dietary pattern scores (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.27, 1.51). The correlations between RRR-derived dietary pattern scores and elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure (OR = 1.30 for both) or low high density lipoprotein cholesterol in women (OR = 1.32) were statistically significant but not significant in PCA-derived dietary pattern scores.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that RRR gives better results when studying behavior related dietary patterns in association with MetS. RRR may be more preferable to provide dietary information for developing dietary guidelines among people with MetS. Further studies with prospective measurements are needed to verify whether RRR is a useful analytic tool for the association between dietary patterns and other chronic diseases.

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Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study

10.1007/978-3-030-22009-9_334 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1192-1196

Author(s):

Luis Rosero-Bixby ◽

William H. Dow ◽

Gilbert Brenes

Keyword(s):

Healthy Aging ◽

Costa Rican ◽

Aging Study

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Changes in Dietary Patterns among German Adolescents between 2003–2006 and 2014–2017: Results of KiGGS

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s002966512000302x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽

Author(s):

Almut Richter ◽

Anja Schienkiewitz ◽

Marjolein Haftenberger ◽

Gert B. M. Mensink

Keyword(s):

Food Consumption ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Processed Meat ◽

Day Schools ◽

Food Groups ◽

Federal States ◽

The Past ◽

German Federal States ◽

Consumption Habits

AbstractEmpirically derived dietary patterns are useful to describe food consumption habits within population groups. The aim of the study was to analyse dietary patterns as well as changes of these patterns within the last decade among German adolescents.Dietary patterns were analyzed for 12 to 17 years old participants of two waves of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS Baseline (2003–2006) N = 5.197 and KiGGS Wave 2 (2014–2017) N = 5.199). KiGGS is part of the nationwide health monitoring in Germany. Food consumption was assessed by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Based on this information, dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis in a former analysis for KiGGS Baseline(1) and in this new analysis for KiGGS Wave 2. In KiGGS Baseline three major dietary patterns were identified (‘western’, ‘traditional’, and ‘healthy’) among boys and two among girls (‘western/traditional’, and ‘healthy’).In KiGGS wave 2 the ‘traditional’ pattern could not be identified anymore among boys and a new pattern, the ‘sandwich’ pattern was identified among girls and boys. The ‘sandwich’ pattern was positively correlated with the intake of bread, processed meat, cheese, butter/margarine, jam, cake/cookies, and among boys also confectionary. Compared to the former ‘traditional’ dietary pattern among boys, the new ‘sandwich‘ pattern shows similarities (bread, processed meat and butter/margarine) but the former warm meal components are missing (meat and potatoes).There were only slight differences in the food groups associated with the ‘western’, ‘western/traditional’ or ‘healthy’ pattern between both surveys.Within the past decade dietary patterns changed among German adolescents. In 2014–2017 a new ‘sandwich’ pattern was identified among boys and girls, and the ‘traditional’ dietary pattern was not found any more among boys. This change could be associated with more frequent food consumption out of home among adolescents. Within the past decade, the school system in many German federal states was restructured from half-day schools towards whole-day schools and the utilization of meal supply within schools almost doubled among adolescents. These changes may have influenced the food consumption habits among adolescents.

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Clustering of Dietary Patterns and Lifestyles Among Spanish Children in the EsNuPI Study †

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12092536 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 2536

Author(s):

Julio Plaza-Díaz ◽

Esther Molina-Montes ◽

María José Soto-Méndez ◽

Casandra Madrigal ◽

Ángela Hernández-Ruiz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Parental Education ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Age Groups ◽

Principal Component ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Food Groups

Dietary patterns (DPs) are known to be tied to lifestyle behaviors. Understanding DPs and their relationships with lifestyle factors can help to prevent children from engaging in unhealthy dietary practices. We aimed to describe DPs in Spanish children aged 1 to <10 years and to examine their associations with sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. The consumption of toddler and young children milk formulas, enriched and fortified milk within the Spanish pediatric population is increasing, and there is a lack of evidence whether the consumption of this type of milk is causing an impact on nutrient intakes and if they are helping to reach the nutrient recommendations. Within the Nutritional Study in the Spanish Pediatric Population (EsNuPI), we considered two study cohorts and three different age groups in three year-intervals in each of them. The study cohort included 740 children in a representative sample of the urban non-vegan Spanish population and 772 children in a convenience cohort of adapted milk consumers (AMS) (including follow-on formula, toddler’s milk, growing up milk, and fortified and enriched milks) who provided information about sociodemographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits; a food frequency questionnaire was used for the latter. Principal component analysis was performed to identify DPs from 18 food groups. Food groups and sociodemographic/lifestyle variables were combined through a hierarchical cluster algorithm. Three DPs predominated in every age group and study sample: a palatable energy-dense food dietary pattern, and two Mediterranean-like DPs. However, children from the AMS showed a predominant dietary pattern markedly related to the Mediterranean diet, with high consumption of cereals, fruits and vegetables, as well as milk and dairy products. The age of children and certain lifestyle factors, namely level of physical activity, parental education, and household income, correlated closely with the dietary clusters. Thus, the findings provide insight into designing lifestyle interventions that could reverse the appearance of unhealthy DPs in the Spanish child population.

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Dietary patterns, food groups and myocardial infarction: a case–control study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114507701654 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 98 (2) ◽

pp. 380-387 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

Michael S. K. Lockheart ◽

Lyn M. Steffen ◽

Hege Møklebust Rebnord ◽

Ragnhild Lekven Fimreite ◽

Jetmund Ringstad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Case Control Study ◽

A Priori ◽

Case Control ◽

Food Groups ◽

High Fat ◽

Diet Pattern ◽

Control Study

Certain dietary patterns may be related to the risk of CVD. We hypothesised that a plant-centred dietary pattern would be associated with a reduced risk of first myocardial infarction (MI). A case–control study of Norwegian men and postmenopausal women (age 45–75 years) was performed. A FFQ was administered, generally within 3 d after incident MI (n106 cases). Controls (n105) were frequency matched on sex, age and geographic location. On the FFQ, 190 items were categorised into thirty-five food groups and ana priorihealthy diet pattern score was created. We estimated OR using logistic regression with adjustment for energy intake, family history of heart disease, marital status, current smoking, education and age. Among food groups, the risk of MI was significantly higher persdof butter and margarine (OR 1·66 (95 % CI 1·12, 2·46)), and lower persdof tomatoes (OR 0·53 (95 % CI 0·35, 0·79)), high-fat fish (OR 0·57 (95 % CI 0·38, 0·86)), wine (OR 0·58 (95 % CI 0·41, 0·83)), salad (OR 0·59 (95 % CI 0·40, 0·87)), wholegrain breakfast cereals (OR 0·64 (95 % CI 0·45, 0·90)), cruciferous vegetables (OR 0·66 (95 % CI 0·47, 0·93)) and non-hydrogenated vegetable oil (OR 0·68 (95 % CI 0·49, 0·95)). An abundance of cases were found to have a lowa priorihealthy diet pattern score. A dietary pattern emphasising nutrient-rich plant foods and high-fat fish and low intransfatty acids was associated with decreased risk of MI among Norwegians.

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