scholarly journals Effects of Probiotics and Synbiotics on Weight Loss in Subjects with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3627
Author(s):  
Valentina Álvarez-Arraño ◽  
Sandra Martín-Peláez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Genus Lactobacillus ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Intestinal microbiota has been shown to be a potential determining factor in the development of obesity. The objective of this systematic review is to collect and learn, based on the latest available evidence, the effect of the use of probiotics and synbiotics in randomized clinical trials on weight loss in people with overweight and obesity. A search for articles was carried out in PubMed, Web of science and Scopus until September 2021, using search strategies that included the terms “obesity”, “overweight”, “probiotic”, “synbiotic”, “Lactobacillus”, “Bifidobacterium” and “weight loss”. Of the 185 articles found, only 25 complied with the selection criteria and were analyzed in the review, of which 23 observed positive effects on weight loss. The intake of probiotics or synbiotics could lead to significant weight reductions, either maintaining habitual lifestyle habits or in combination with energy restriction and/or increased physical activity for an average of 12 weeks. Specific strains belonging to the genus Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were the most used and those that showed the best results in reducing body weight. Both probiotics and synbiotics have the potential to help in weight loss in overweight and obese populations.

scholarly journals Diet Therapeutics Interventions for Obesity: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. e00521-e00521
Author(s):  
Mina Morsali ◽  
Jalal Poorolajal ◽  
Fatemeh Shahbazi ◽  
Aliasghar Vahidinia ◽  
Amin Doosti-Irani
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Behavioral Weight Loss ◽  
Very Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Low Calorie

Background: Up to now, different diet therapeutics interventions have been introduced for the treatment of obesity. The present study aimed to compare the diet therapeutics interventions for obesity simultaneously. Study design: Systematic review and network meta-analysis Methods: The major international databases, including Medline (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Embase, were searched using a predesigned search strategy. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that had compared the diet therapy interventions were included. The mean difference with a 95% confidence interval was used to summarize the effect size in the network meta-analysis. The frequentist approach was used for data analysis. Results: In total, 36 RCTs out of 9335 retrieved references met the inclusion criteria in this review. The included RCTs formed nine independent networks. Based on the results, Hypocaloricdiet+Monoselect Camellia (MonCam, P=0.99), energy restriction, behavior modification+exercise (LED) (P=0.99), sweetener at 20% of total calories (HFCS20)+Ex (P=0.67), catechin-richgreentea(650)+inulin (P=0.68), very low calorie diet (VLCD) (P=1.00), normal protein diet+resistance exercise (NPD+RT) (P=0.80), low-calorie diets+exercise (Hyc+Ex) (P=0.85), high-soy-protein low-fat diet (SD) (P=0.75), calorie restriction+behavioral weight loss (Hyc+BWL) (P=0.99) were the better treatments for weight loss in the networks one to nine, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results of network meta-analysis, it seems that Hypocaloricdiet+MonCam, LED, HFCS20+Ex, catechin-rich green tea +inulin, VLCD, NPD+RT, Hyc+Ex, SD, Hyc+BWL, are the better treatments for weight loss in patients with overweight and obesity.

Liraglutide for the Treatment of Obesity: Analyzing Published Reviews

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 1783-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Pastor ◽  
Josep A. Tur
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity

Background: Several drugs have been currently approved for the treatment of obesity. The pharmacokinetic of liraglutide, as well as the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, have been widely described. Objective: To analyze the published systematic reviews on the use of liraglutide for the treatment of obesity. Methods: Systematic reviews were found out through MEDLINE searches, through EBSCO host and the Cochrane Library based on the following terms: "liraglutide" as major term and using the following Medical Subject Headings (MesH) terms: "obesity", "overweight", "weight loss". A total of 3 systematic reviews were finally included to be analyzed. Results: From the three systematic reviews selected, only two included the randomized clinical trials, while the third study reviewed both randomized and non-randomized clinical trials. Only one review performed statistical tests of heterogeneity and a meta-analysis, combining the results of individual studies. Another review showed the results of individual studies with odds ratio and confidence interval, but a second one just showed the means and confidence intervals. In all studies, weight loss was registered in persons treated with liraglutide in a dose dependent form, reaching a plateau at 3.0 mg dose, which was reached just in men. Most usual adverse events were gastrointestinal. Conclusion: More powerful and prospective studies are needed to assess all aspects related to liraglutide in the overweight and obesity treatment.

Maintenance of weight loss after lifestyle interventions for overweight and obesity, a systematic review

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 899-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. M. Barte ◽  
N. C. W. Ter Bogt ◽  
R. P. Bogers ◽  
P. J. Teixeira ◽  
B. Blissmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions

scholarly journals Extraction of primary canines for interceptive orthodontic treatment of palatally displaced permanent canines: A systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 878-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naif N. Almasoud
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
The University ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Primary Canine

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine whether the successful management of palatally displaced permanent canines (PDCs) can be achieved by the interceptive extraction of primary maxillary canines. Materials and Methods: Digital databases (Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane) were searched to retrieve articles published from 1952 to April 2016. The university librarian developed search strategies for each database. Two calibrated reviewers independently reviewed potentially related titles and abstracts. Papers meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were read in full. The selected articles were evaluated and scored according to methodological quality criteria. Results: Four randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included in the systematic review. Compared with two older studies, two more recent RCTs were found to have better study designs, were better conducted, and involved better reporting of the results. The included studies compared intervention groups (children with PDCs undergoing extraction of primary canines) with controls (subjects with PDCs but no primary canine extractions). In three of the four studies, the interceptive extraction of primary canines facilitated eruption of PDCs in more than 65% of cases. Overall, the intervention groups had a markedly higher incidence of successful eruption of PDCs (50%–69%) compared with the control groups (36%–42%). Conclusions: Based on the available evidence, it is reasonable to conclude that eruption of PDCs can be facilitated by extraction of primary canines. However, further high-quality, randomized clinical trials are warranted in other population groups. It is hoped that this study will help orthodontists make evidence-based decisions about clinically managing PDCs.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Intermittent Fasting and Time-Restricted Feeding Compared to Continuous Energy Restriction for Weight Loss

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey A. Rynders ◽  
Elizabeth A. Thomas ◽  
Adnin Zaman ◽  
Zhaoxing Pan ◽  
Victoria A. Catenacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Continuous Energy ◽  
Modest Weight Loss

The current obesity epidemic is staggering in terms of its magnitude and public health impact. Current guidelines recommend continuous energy restriction (CER) along with a comprehensive lifestyle intervention as the cornerstone of obesity treatment, yet this approach produces modest weight loss on average. Recently, there has been increased interest in identifying alternative dietary weight loss strategies that involve restricting energy intake to certain periods of the day or prolonging the fasting interval between meals (i.e., intermittent energy restriction, IER). These strategies include intermittent fasting (IMF; >60% energy restriction on 2–3 days per week, or on alternate days) and time-restricted feeding (TRF; limiting the daily period of food intake to 8–10 h or less on most days of the week). Here, we summarize the current evidence for IER regimens as treatments for overweight and obesity. Specifically, we review randomized trials of ≥8 weeks in duration performed in adults with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) in which an IER paradigm (IMF or TRF) was compared to CER, with the primary outcome being weight loss. Overall, the available evidence suggests that IER paradigms produce equivalent weight loss when compared to CER, with 9 out of 11 studies reviewed showing no differences between groups in weight or body fat loss.

scholarly journals Effects of tDCS on pain and anxiety modulation in patients with fibromyalgia: systematic review with meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Henrique Loreti ◽  
Aneliza Cruz de Araujo ◽  
Elaine Kakuta ◽  
Alisson Alexandre da Silva ◽  
Elisabete Castelon Konkiewitz
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
World Population ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

Background: The prevalence of fibromyalgia (FM) is estimated between 2% - 4% of the world population and is characterized by musculoskeletal pain accompanied by fatigue, depression, anxiety and sleep disorders. Therapeutic treatment for FM tends to be unsatisfactory, requiring the search for new therapeutic measures. Objectives: Analyze the evidence regarding the use and use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in the modulation of pain and anxiety in patients with FM. Design and setting: A systematic review was carried out with meta-analysis. Methods: A search was performed in MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Physiotherapy Evidence Databases (PEDro). Randomized clinical trials published between 2010 and 2021 that used tDCS to treat pain and anxiety were included. Articles that used tDCS associated with other techniques were excluded. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed using the PEDro Scale and the RoB 2.0. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Results: Six studies were included, totaling 225 participants. Anodic stimulation (AE) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was better for pain control than tDCS sham (-1.56; 95% CI: -1.78 to -1.34; p <0,00001). AE on the primary motor cortex (M1) was better for pain control than tDCS sham (-1.45; 95% CI: -2.54 to - 0.36; p <0.00009), however , no difference was observed between AE over M1 and tDCS sham to improve anxiety (-0.63; 95% CI: -4.89 to 3.62; p = 0.52). Conclusions: The tDCS cam be effective for treating pain. More research needs to be done.

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