scholarly journals Metformin Alleviates Obesity and Systemic Oxidative Stress in Obese Young Swine

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Susana Astiz ◽  
Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes ◽  
Isabel Astiz ◽  
Alicia Barbero ◽  
Jose Luis Pesantez-Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Swine Model ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽  
Iberian Pig ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Related Increase

The present study assessed the relationship between obesity induced by lifestyle and systemic oxidative stress and possible modulations by oral metformin treatments in young individuals, by using a translational swine model of obesity and associated cardiometabolic disorders (Iberian pig). The results indicate the existence of an age-related increase in both adiposity and systemic oxidative stress (using hydrogen peroxide as a marker), which is higher in individuals with obesogenic lifestyle and increased weight and obesity. Such effect was not found in individuals treated with metformin. The translation of these results suggests that childhood obesity increases production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and therefore systemic oxidative stress. Treatment with metformin would improve such oxidative status.

Oxidative Stress Levels, JAK2V617F Mutational Status and Thrombotic Complications in Patients with Essential Thrombocythemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 2822-2825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornel Moisa ◽  
Mihnea Alexandru Gaman ◽  
Camelia Cristina Diaconu ◽  
Amelia Maria Gaman
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Essential Thrombocythemia ◽  
Myeloproliferative Neoplasm ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Mutational Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
The Relationship

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a BCR-ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm associated with thrombotic and haemorrhagic complications. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overexpression induces a growth advantage to JAK2V617F-positive clones and, in association with a higher number of immature platelets, leukocytosis, and additional cardiovascular risk factors, leads to an increased risk for thrombotic events. We evaluated oxidative stress by measuring ROS levels and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in 62 ET patients and investigated the relationship between oxidative stress, JAK2V617F mutational status and the development of thrombotic events. We found higher oxidative stress levels in JAK2V617F-positive vs. JAK2V617F-negative ET cases with no significant differences between homozygous and heterozygous genotypes. Increased ROS levels and thrombotic events were more frequent in ET patients with old age at diagnosis, higher haematocrit levels or leukocytosis.

scholarly journals Fighting Oxidative Stress with Sulfur: Hydrogen Sulfide in the Renal and Cardiovascular Systems

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Joshua J. Scammahorn ◽  
Isabel T. N. Nguyen ◽  
Eelke M. Bos ◽  
Harry Van Goor ◽  
Jaap A. Joles
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Enzymatic Pathways

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an essential gaseous signaling molecule. Research on its role in physiological and pathophysiological processes has greatly expanded. Endogenous enzymatic production through the transsulfuration and cysteine catabolism pathways can occur in the kidneys and blood vessels. Furthermore, non-enzymatic pathways are present throughout the body. In the renal and cardiovascular system, H2S plays an important role in maintaining the redox status at safe levels by promoting scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). H2S also modifies cysteine residues on key signaling molecules such as keap1/Nrf2, NFκB, and HIF-1α, thereby promoting anti-oxidant mechanisms. Depletion of H2S is implicated in many age-related and cardiorenal diseases, all having oxidative stress as a major contributor. Current research suggests potential for H2S-based therapies, however, therapeutic interventions have been limited to studies in animal models. Beyond H2S use as direct treatment, it could improve procedures such as transplantation, stem cell therapy, and the safety and efficacy of drugs including NSAIDs and ACE inhibitors. All in all, H2S is a prime subject for further research with potential for clinical use.

scholarly journals Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Role of Oxidative Stress and Blood Vessels

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1296
Author(s):  
Yue Ruan ◽  
Subao Jiang ◽  
Adrian Gericke
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Age Related

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common irreversible ocular disease characterized by vision impairment among older people. Many risk factors are related to AMD and interact with each other in its pathogenesis. Notably, oxidative stress and choroidal vascular dysfunction were suggested to be critically involved in AMD pathogenesis. In this review, we give an overview on the factors contributing to the pathophysiology of this multifactorial disease and discuss the role of reactive oxygen species and vascular function in more detail. Moreover, we give an overview on therapeutic strategies for patients suffering from AMD.

Are Increased Levels of Systemic Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Associated with Age-Related Cataract?

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 700-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjin Zheng Selin ◽  
Birgitta Ejdervik Lindblad ◽  
Susanne Rautiainen ◽  
Karl Michaëlsson ◽  
Ralf Morgenstern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress in BPH

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (173) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Savas ◽  
A Verit ◽  
H Ciftci ◽  
E Ciftci ◽  
E Aktan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

INTRODUCTION:In the present study, we investigated the relationship between potency of oxidative stress and BPH and this may assist to contribute to the realistic explanation of the ethiopathogenesis of BPH.METHODS:Seventy four newly diagnosed men with BPH (mean age: 54+/-11.2), who had not undergone any previous treatment for BPH, and 62 healthy volunteers (mean age: 55+/-14) were enrolled in the present study. To determine the antioxidative status of plasma, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was calculated, and to determine the oxidative status of plasma (TOS) total peroxide levels were measured. The ratio of TAC to total peroxide was accepted as an indicator of oxidative stress (OSI). Data are presented as mean SD +/- unless specified. Student t-test and correlation analyses were used to evaluate the statistical significance differences in the median values recorded for all parameters between BPH and control group.RESULTS:Plasma TAC TOS were found in patients and controls (1.70 +/- 0.32, 1.68 +/- 0.19 micromol Trolox Equiv./L), (12.48 +/- 1.98, 12.40 +/- 1.14 micromol / L) respectively. OSI was calculated as 7.57 +/- 1.91, 7.48 +/- 1.33, respectively. Plasma TAC, TOS and OSI levels were not found to be significantly difference between patients and control subjects (p>0.05, p>0.05, p>0.05).CONCLUSIONS:The present study has shown that there were not relationship between potency of oxidative stress and BPH. Further well designed studies should be planned to find out whether the oxidative stress-related parameters play role in BPH as an interesting pathology in regard of the etiopathogenesis.Keywords: benign prostatic hyperplasia, oxidative stress, prostate

Different Chilling-Induced Symptoms and the Underlying Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Defense in the Exocarp and Mesocarp of Immature Sponge Gourd (Luffa cylindrica) Fruit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pichaya Chuenchom ◽  
Sompoch Noichinda ◽  
Kitti Bodhipadma ◽  
Chalermchai Wongs-Aree ◽  
David W. M. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidative Defense ◽  
Sponge Gourd ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Immature sponge gourd fruit is consumed as a vegetable with a limited shelf life. Although cold storage is a simple and powerful tool for maintaining postharvest fruit quality, storage at a low temperature may not be appropriate for vegetables as some chilling injury (CI) of the immature sponge gourd fruit may occur. Therefore, this research aimed to elucidate the relationship between CI, oxidative stress, and the antioxidative defense mechanisms in the exocarp and mesocarp of immature sponge gourd fruit. After storage at 5°C for 6 days, visual CI symptoms, including browning and surface pitting, were found in the peel (exocarp) but not in the mesocarp. There were, however, more dead cells (stained by Evans blue) in the mesocarp of the fruit stored at 5°C. There was a more considerable increase in the electrolyte leakage rate in both fruit tissues held at 5°C than 25°C. The CI was correlated with malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the tissues. The MDA of fruit exocarp at 5°C was 1.6 fold higher than that at 25°C on day 6, while the lipoxygenase (LOX) activity in mesocarp was 50% higher in fruit stored at a lower temperature. The action of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) was high in the exocarp of the fruit stored at 5°C, but there appeared to be a continuous depletion of the co-substrate or ascorbic acid. In conclusion, the CI in the exocarp was mainly associated with a high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In contrast, the CI in the mesocarp appeared to be primarily associated with increased lipid peroxidation by the elevated LOX activity under cold stress compared to storage at 25°C.

scholarly journals Reactive Oxygen Species in Venous Thrombosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemens Gutmann ◽  
Richard Siow ◽  
Adam M. Gwozdz ◽  
Prakash Saha ◽  
Alberto Smith
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
The Complement System

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have physiological roles as second messengers, but can also exert detrimental modifications on DNA, proteins and lipids if resulting from enhanced generation or reduced antioxidant defense (oxidative stress). Venous thrombus (DVT) formation and resolution are influenced by ROS through modulation of the coagulation, fibrinolysis, proteolysis and the complement system, as well as the regulation of effector cells such as platelets, endothelial cells, erythrocytes, neutrophils, mast cells, monocytes and fibroblasts. Many conditions that carry an elevated risk of venous thrombosis, such as the Antiphospholipid Syndrome, have alterations in their redox homeostasis. Dietary and pharmacological antioxidants can modulate several important processes involved in DVT formation, but their overall effect is unknown and there are no recommendations regarding their use. The development of novel antioxidant treatments that aim to abrogate the formation of DVT or promote its resolution will depend on the identification of targets that enable ROS modulation confined to their site of interest in order to prevent off-target effects on physiological redox mechanisms. Subgroups of patients with increased systemic oxidative stress might benefit from unspecific antioxidant treatment, but more clinical studies are needed to bring clarity to this issue.

scholarly journals The Essential Element Manganese, Oxidative Stress, and Metabolic Diseases: Links and Interactions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longman Li ◽  
Xiaobo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship

Manganese (Mn) is an essential element that is involved in the synthesis and activation of many enzymes and in the regulation of the metabolism of glucose and lipids in humans. In addition, Mn is one of the required components for Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) that is mainly responsible for scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondrial oxidative stress. Both Mn deficiency and intoxication are associated with adverse metabolic and neuropsychiatric effects. Over the past few decades, the prevalence of metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2MD), obesity, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and hepatic steatosis, has increased dramatically. Previous studies have found that ROS generation, oxidative stress, and inflammation are critical for the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases. In addition, deficiency in dietary Mn as well as excessive Mn exposure could increase ROS generation and result in further oxidative stress. However, the relationship between Mn and metabolic diseases is not clear. In this review, we provide insights into the role Mn plays in the prevention and development of metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Age-related increase of oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in micePrevention by Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761)

2001 ◽  
Vol 108 (8) ◽  
pp. 969-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Schindowski ◽  
S. Leutner ◽  
S. Kressmann ◽  
A. Eckert ◽  
W. E. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Related Increase

scholarly journals Age-Related Increase in Caveolin-1 Expression Facilitates Cell-to-Cell Transmission of α-Synuclein in Neurons

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Young Ha ◽  
Yu Ree Choi ◽  
Hye Rin Noh ◽  
Seon-Heui Cha ◽  
Jae-Bong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Caveolin 1 ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cell Transmission ◽  
Tyrosine 14 ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Related Increase

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease, with aging being considered the greatest risk factor for developing PD. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is known to participate in the aging process. Recent evidence indicates that prion-like propagation of misfolded α-synuclein (α-syn) released from neurons to neighboring neurons plays an important role in PD progression. In the present study, we demonstrated that cav-1 expression in the brain increased with age, and considerably increased in the brain of A53T α-syn transgenic mice. Cav-1 overexpression facilitated the uptake of α-syn into neurons and formation of additional Lewy body-like inclusion bodies, phosphorylation of cav-1 at tyrosine 14 was found to be crucial for this process. This study demonstrates the relationship between age and α-syn spread and will facilitate our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the cell-to-cell transmission of α-syn.

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