scholarly journals Multivariate Analysis of Morpho-Physiological Traits Reveals Differential Drought Tolerance Potential of Bread Wheat Genotypes at the Seedling Stage

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 879
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mohi-Ud-Din ◽  
Md. Alamgir Hossain ◽  
Md. Motiar Rohman ◽  
Md. Nesar Uddin ◽  
Md. Sabibul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Drought is one of the foremost environmental stresses that can severely limit crop growth and productivity by disrupting various physiological processes. In this study, the drought tolerance potential of 127 diverse bread wheat genotypes was evaluated by imposing polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced drought followed by multivariate analysis of several growth-related attributes. Results showed significant variations in the mean values of different morpho-physiological traits due to PEG-induced drought effects. Correlation analysis revealed that most of the studied traits were significantly correlated among them. The robust hierarchical co-clustering indicated that all the genotypes were clustered into four major groups, with cluster 4 (26 genotypes) being, in general, drought-tolerant followed by cluster 1 (19 genotypes) whereas, cluster 2 (55 genotypes) and 3 (27 genotypes) being drought-sensitive. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) confirmed that around 90% of the genotypes were correctly assigned to clusters. Squared distance (D2) analysis indicated that the clusters differed significantly from each other. Principal component analysis (PCA) and genotype by trait biplot analysis showed that the first three components accounted for 71.6% of the total variation, with principal component (PC) 1 accounting for 35.4%, PC2 for 24.6% and PC3 for 11.6% of the total variation. Both PCA and LDA revealed that dry weights, tissue water content, cell membrane stability, leaf relative water content, root-shoot weight ratio and seedling vigor index played the most important discriminatory roles in explaining drought tolerance variations among 127 wheat genotypes. Our results conclude that the drought-tolerant and -sensitive wheat genotypes identified in this study would offer valuable genetic tools for further improvement of wheat productivity in arid and semi-arid regions during this time of unpredictable climate change.

scholarly journals Dissection of Drought Tolerance in Upland Cotton Through Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Traits at Seedling Stage

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zobia Zahid ◽  
Muhammad Kashif Riaz Khan ◽  
Amjad Hameed ◽  
Muhammad Akhtar ◽  
Allah Ditta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Cotton is an important fiber and cash crop. Extreme water scarceness affects the growth, quality, and productivity of cotton. Water shortage has threatened the future scenario for cotton growers, so it is imperative to devise a solution to this problem. In this research, we have tried to machinate a solution for it. 23 genotypes have been screened out against drought tolerance at the seedling stage by evaluating the morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in a triplicate completely randomized design plot experiment with two water regimes [50 and 100% field capacity]. Genotypic differences for all the morphological and physiological traits revealed highly significant differences except transpiration rate (TR). Moreover, the interaction between genotype and water regime (G × W) was highly significant for root length (RL, 5.163), shoot length (SL, 11.751), excised leaf water loss (ELWL, 0.041), and stomatal conductance (SC, 7.406). A positively strong correlation was found in TR with relative water content (RWC; 0.510) and SC (0.584) and RWC with photosynthesis (0.452) under drought conditions. A negative correlation was found in SC with SL (−0.428) and photosynthesis (−0.446). Traits like RL, SL, SC, photosynthesis, proline, catalase, and malondialdehyde were visible indicators, which can differentiate drought-tolerant genotypes from the susceptible ones. A wide range of diversity was found in all the morpho-physiological traits with the cumulative variance of four principal components (PCs) 83.09% and three PCs 73.41% under normal and water-stressed conditions, respectively, as per the principal component analysis. Hence, selection criteria can be established on the aforementioned traits for the development of drought-tolerant cultivars. Moreover, it was found that out of 23 experimental varieties, NIAB-135, NIAB-512, and CIM-554 could be used to devise breeding strategies for improving drought tolerance in cotton.

Screening for Eruca genotypes tolerant to polyethylene glycol-simulated drought stress based on the principal component and cluster analyses of seed germination and early seedling growth

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banglian Huang ◽  
Jianjie Su ◽  
Guangyu Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqing Luo ◽  
Huan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Upgma Cluster ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Tolerant Species ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Simulated Drought

Water deficit is an environmental factor that constrains crops to express their ecophysiological potential and causes crop yield reduction. Eruca vesicaria has been reported to be one of the most drought-tolerant species in Cruciferae. In this study, polyethylene glycol-simulated drought tolerance was evaluated in one line of Brassica carinata, one line of Brassica napus and 249 Eruca lines based on the principal component analysis (PCA) and unweighted pair-group arithmetic average (UPGMA) cluster analysis. The PCA based on eight drought tolerance indices indicated that the first three components accounted for 85.46% of the total variation, with principal component (PC) 1 accounting for 43.89%, PC2 for 27.85% and PC3 for 13.73% of the total variation. The UPGMA cluster analysis indicated that B. napus cultivar Zhongshuang 9 and Eruca lines could be clustered into five major groups, with group 1 being, in general, drought sensitive, group 2 being slightly–medium drought tolerant, group 3 being drought tolerant, group 4 being highly drought sensitive and group 5 being highly drought tolerant. B. carinata cultivar XB1, as an outstander, showed high drought sensitivity. The UPGMA cluster dendrogram provides a good representation of the similarity matrix (r= 0.68). The drought-tolerant Eruca materials obtained in this study will be valuable for genetic improvement not only in Eruca itself, but also in Brassica crops since they are drought-tolerant lines from a drought-tolerant species.

scholarly journals Multi-Environment Screening of Durum Wheat Genotypes for Drought Tolerance in Changing Climatic Events

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 875
Author(s):  
Sourour Ayed ◽  
Afef Othmani ◽  
Imen Bouhaouel ◽  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Drought Tolerance Indices ◽  
Tolerance Indices ◽  
Modern Varieties

Durum wheat is the most widely grown cereal in Tunisia, but its production is threatened by drought, which is exacerbated by climate change. This study aimed to identify drought-tolerant durum wheat genotypes from five modern varieties and six landraces in a multi-environment trial at two sites (Kef and Siliana, Tunisia) during three growing seasons under rainfed and irrigated conditions. Six drought tolerance indices (mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), tolerance index (TOL), stress tolerance index (STI), and yield stability index (YSI)) were used to evaluate the 11 genotypes. The environment was the dominant source of variation for grain yield (GY; 94.27%), followed by the environment × genotype interaction (4.06%) and genotype (1.65%). Cluster analysis based on GY identified four environment-based groups with distinct water treatments, extreme minimum/maximum temperatures, and rainfall. Principal component analysis and a correlation matrix revealed that drought tolerance indices significantly correlated with GY in non-stressed and stressed conditions and could be separated into four groups. Based on STI, MP, and GMP, G6 and G8 (landraces) were the most drought-tolerant genotypes attaining high GY in both conditions. TOL was able to discriminate G1, G3, and G5 (modern varieties) as well as drought-susceptible genotypes, all of which were suitable for irrigation. Genotypes G7, G9, G10, and G11 (landraces), which had high SSI and lowest STI, MP, GMP, and YSI values, were susceptible to drought and were thus not suitable for cultivation in both conditions. Finally, G2 and G4 (modern varieties), which had an intermediate rank for different indices, were classified as semi-tolerant or sensitive genotypes. Drought tolerance indices and genotype ranks were helpful tools to screen drought-tolerant genotypes with a large adaptation to a range of environments, namely irrigated and rainfed conditions (landraces G6 and G8), or genotypes with the ability to adapt (modern varieties G1, G3, and G5) to irrigated conditions.

Drought tolerance of some bread wheat genotypes in Ethiopia

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bedada Girma ◽  
Zewdie Alemayehu ◽  
Solomon Gelalcha
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

Evaluation of diverse cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] germplasm accessions for drought tolerance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.D. Nkoana ◽  
Abe Shegro Gerrano ◽  
E.T. Gwata
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

The genetic potential for drought tolerance in cowpea within the small holder sector has not been fully exploited in South Africa. Thus, a drought evaluation experiment was conducted at the ARC-VOP to evaluate 28 cowpea germplasm accessions including two controls viz. IT96D-602 (drought tolerant) and TVU7778 (susceptible to drought) in the drought screening house using plastic box evaluation method in January, 2017. Genotypes raised for three weeks were subjected to 5 weeks of water stress treatment to determine their physiological response through leaf wilting index, relative water content and proline content followed by re-watering to determine genotype (s) with ability to recover from drought stress. Analyses of variance showed highly significant differences in response to moisture stress among the cowpea accessions for the selected physiological traits except for leaf wilting index at week two of drought stress. Stem greenness and recovery appeared to be a reliable indicator of drought tolerant genotypes which was readily observed in Acc1257, Acc1168, Acc2355, IT96D-602 and Acc5352 which also correlated significantly and positively with relative water content and proline content. The genotypes responded differently to drought stress indicating that there is sufficient genetic variability that can be utilized further in breeding for drought stress within the cowpea species.

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