scholarly journals Plants Metabolome Study: Emerging Tools and Techniques

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2409
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar Patel ◽  
Sonika Pandey ◽  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Md Intesaful Haque ◽  
Sikander Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ion Mobility ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Plant Biology ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ion Cyclotron Resonance ◽  
Metabolite Pool ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Analytical Tools

Metabolomics is now considered a wide-ranging, sensitive and practical approach to acquire useful information on the composition of a metabolite pool present in any organism, including plants. Investigating metabolomic regulation in plants is essential to understand their adaptation, acclimation and defense responses to environmental stresses through the production of numerous metabolites. Moreover, metabolomics can be easily applied for the phenotyping of plants; and thus, it has great potential to be used in genome editing programs to develop superior next-generation crops. This review describes the recent analytical tools and techniques available to study plants metabolome, along with their significance of sample preparation using targeted and non-targeted methods. Advanced analytical tools, like gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography mass-spectroscopy (LC-MS), capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS), fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have speed up precise metabolic profiling in plants. Further, we provide a complete overview of bioinformatics tools and plant metabolome database that can be utilized to advance our knowledge to plant biology.

scholarly journals Plants Metabolome Study: Emerging Tools and Techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar Patel ◽  
Sonika Pandey ◽  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Intesaful Haque ◽  
Sikander Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Plant Biology ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ion Cyclotron Resonance ◽  
Laser Desorption Ionization ◽  
Metabolite Pool ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Analytical Tools

Metabolomics is now considered to be a wide-ranging, sensitive and practical approach to acquire useful information on the composition of a metabolite pool present in any organism, including plants. Investigating metabolomic regulation in plants is essential to understand their adaptation, acclimation and defense response to environmental stresses through the production of numerous metabolites. Moreover, metabolomics can be easily applied for the phenotyping of plants; and thus, it has great potential to be used in molecular breeding and genome editing programs to develop superior next generation crops. This review describes the recent analytical tools and techniques available to study plants metabolome, along with their significance of sample preparation using targeted and non-targeted method. Advanced analytical tools, like gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography mass-spectroscopy (LC-MS), capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS), fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) have speed up metabolic profiling in plants. Further, we deliver a complete overview of bioinformatics tools and plant metabolome database that can be utilized to advance our knowledge to plant biology.

Analytical Chemical Methods and Instrumentation

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Bianchi ◽  
Elizabeth A. Canuel
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Organic Geochemistry ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ion Cyclotron Resonance ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The Many ◽  
Analytical Tools

This chapter provides a background on the important role technology has played in the study of chemical biomarkers, and the many advances in the field that have resulted from the development of new analytical tools. It introduces some of the classic analytical tools used in organic geochemistry, including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), pyrolysis GC-MS, direct temperature-resolved MS, compound-specific isotope analysis, high-performance liquid chromatography, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Additionally, characterization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and chromophoric DOM by fluorescence, use of pulsed amperometric detector (PAD) detectors in the analysis of sugars, and capillary electrophoresis are introduced. Recent advances in the following areas are also covered: (1) analysis of polar organic compounds utilizing liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, (2) multidimensional NMR, and (3) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS.

scholarly journals Probing rapid carbon fixation in fast-growing seaweed Ulva meridionalis using stable isotope 13C-labelling

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuntaro Tsubaki ◽  
Hiroshi Nishimura ◽  
Tomoya Imai ◽  
Ayumu Onda ◽  
Masanori Hiraoka
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ion Cyclotron Resonance ◽  
Stable Isotope Labelling ◽  
Ft Icr Ms ◽  
Ft Icr ◽  
C Nmr

AbstractThe high growth rate of Ulva seaweeds makes it a potential algal biomass resource. In particular, Ulva meridionalis grows up to fourfold a day. Here, we demonstrated strong carbon fixation by U. meridionalis using 13C stable isotope labelling and traced the 13C flux through sugar metabolites with isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IR-MS), Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (13C-NMR), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). U. meridionalis was first cultured in 13C-labelled enriched artificial seawater for 0–12 h, and the algae were collected every 4 h. U. meridionalis grew 1.8-fold (dry weight), and the 13C ratio reached 40% in 12 h, whereas 13C incorporation hardly occurred under darkness. At the beginning of the light period, 13C was incorporated into nucleic diphosphate (NDP) sugars in 4 h, and 13C labelled peaks were identified using FT-ICR-MS spectra. Using semiquantitative 13C-NMR measurements and GC–MS, 13C was detected in starch and matrix polysaccharides after the formation of NDP sugars. Moreover, the 14:10 light:dark regime resulted into 85% of 13C labelling was achieved after 72 h of cultivation. The rapid 13C uptake by U. meridionalis shows its strong carbon fixation capacity as a promising seaweed biomass feedstock.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of aldehydes and ketones in particle phase of mainstream and sidestream cigarette smoke

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181832
Author(s):  
Xiu Chen ◽  
Quan Shi ◽  
Xibin Zhou ◽  
Xuezheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ion Cyclotron Resonance ◽  
Particle Phase ◽  
Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Aldehydes And Ketones ◽  
Ft Icr Ms ◽  
Ft Icr

Aldehydes and ketones (AKs) in cigarette smoke are risk to humans and environment. Due to the complexity of itself and the interference of the smoke tar matrix, the aldehydes and ketones in particle phase (AKPs) of mainstream smoke (MSS) and sidestream smoke (SSS) have not been well investigated. In this study, the AKPs of MSS and SSS were derivatized into polar products by reaction with Girard T reagent. The derivatives were isolated rapidly by column chromatography and analysed by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Fifteen species of aldehydes and ketones were detected by positive ion electrospray ionization (ESI) FT-ICR MS: O 1–6 , N 1 O 1–4 , N 2 O 1–3 and N 3 O 2–3 . The total number of AKPs obtained by ESI FT-ICR MS in MSS and SSS is about 1100 and 970, respectively. After hydrolysis, the original AKPs were obtained and 63 carbonyls were identified and quantified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS). The nitrogen-containing and high-oxygen AKPs were further characterized by Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Structures of compounds with high relative abundance in the mass spectrum were speculated (e.g. a series of degradants of cembrenediol) by comparison with the results of GCMS.

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