scholarly journals Scribbling the Cat: A Case of the “Miracle” Plant, Moringa oleifera

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thulani Tshabalala ◽  
Bhekumthetho Ncube ◽  
Ntakadzeni Edwin Madala ◽  
Trevor Tapiwa Nyakudya ◽  
Hloniphani Peter Moyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
New Research ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

This paper reviews the properties of the most cultivated species of the Moringaceae family, Moringa oleifera Lam. The paper takes a critical look at the positive and the associated negative properties of the plant, with particular emphasis on its chemistry, selected medicinal and nutritional properties, as well as some ecological implications of the plant. The review highlights the importance of glucosinolates (GS) compounds which are relatively unique to the Moringa species family, with glucomoriginin and its acylated derivative being the most abundant. We highlight some new research findings revealing that not all M. oleifera cultivars contain an important flavonoid, rutin. The review also focuses on phenolic acids, tannin, minerals and vitamins, which are in high amounts when compared to most vegetables and fruits. Although there are numerous benefits of using M. oleifera for medicinal purposes, there are reports of contraindications. Nonetheless, we note that there are no major harmful effects of M. oleifera that have been reported by the scientific community. M. oleifera is suspected to be potentially invasive and moderately invasive in some regions of the world because of its ability to grow in a wide range of environmental conditions. However, the plant is currently classified as a low potential invasive species and thus there is a need to constantly monitor the species. Despite the numerous benefits associated with the plant, there is still a paucity of data on clinical trials proving both the positive and negative effects of the plant. We recommend further clinical trials to ascertain the properties associated with the plant, especially regarding long term use.

scholarly journals Transgenerational fitness effects of lifespan extension by dietary restriction in Caenorhabditis elegans

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1950) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward R. Ivimey-Cook ◽  
Kris Sales ◽  
Hanne Carlsson ◽  
Simone Immler ◽  
Tracey Chapman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Lifespan Extension ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Broad Variety

Dietary restriction (DR) increases lifespan in a broad variety of organisms and improves health in humans. However, long-term transgenerational consequences of dietary interventions are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effect of DR by temporary fasting (TF) on mortality risk, age-specific reproduction and fitness across three generations of descendants in Caenorhabditis elegans . We show that while TF robustly reduces mortality risk and improves late-life reproduction of the individuals subject to TF (P 0 ), it has a wide range of both positive and negative effects on their descendants (F 1 –F 3 ). Remarkably, great-grandparental exposure to TF in early life reduces fitness and increases mortality risk of F 3 descendants to such an extent that TF no longer promotes a lifespan extension. These findings reveal that transgenerational trade-offs accompany the instant benefits of DR, underscoring the need to consider fitness of future generations in pursuit of healthy ageing.

Fault and top seals thematic collection: a perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. petgeo2020-136
Author(s):  
Quentin Fisher ◽  
Frauke Schaefer ◽  
Ieva Kaminskaite ◽  
David N Dewhurst ◽  
Graham Yielding
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Petroleum Reservoirs ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sealing Capacity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
New Research ◽  
And Storage

Predicting the sealing capacity of faults and caprocks has been a long-standing uncertainty for those involved in the exploration, appraisal and development of petroleum reservoirs. In more recent years, interest in the topic has increased in a wide range of other applications, particularly those related to the decarbonization of our energy supply such as carbon capture and storage (CCS), radioactive waste disposal, geothermal energy production and underground energy storage (e.g. compressed air, hydrogen). Knowledge of how faults impact fluid flow is also important for management of drinking water supplies. To communicate new advances in research in these areas, the EAGE organized the first international conference on Fault and Top Seals in 2003. These conferences have continued to be held at roughly 4 yearly intervals and have brought together scientists from a wide range of disciplines to discuss new research findings and workflows relevant to predicting fault and top seal behaviour, as well as presenting case studies covering both successful and unsuccessful attempts to predict sealing capacity.Thematic collection: This article is part of the Fault and top seals collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/fault-and-top-seals-2019

scholarly journals Have Norwegians tried psilocybin, and do they accept it as a medicine?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Børsting Jacobsen ◽  
Audun Stubhaug ◽  
Bjørn Holmøy ◽  
Tor Morten Kvam ◽  
Silje Endresen Reme
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
General Public ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Norwegian Population ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Do So ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Agent

AbstractBackgroundPsilocybin is emerging as a promising therapeutic agent for a wide range of psychiatric conditions, and clinical trials on psilocybin-assisted treatment are forthcoming in Scandinavian countries. However, little is known about attitudes towards this psychedelic compound among the general public in Nordic countries. This might represent a confound, and reduce the validity of research findings or the overall feasibility of conducting high-quality clinical trials.AimsThe main objective of this study is to address the knowledge gap surrounding use and attitudes towards psilocybin in Norway.MethodsWe asked a representative sample of the Norwegian population (N = 1,078) if they have ever tried psilocybin and if they would be willing to do so as part of medical treatment. These questions were part of a larger online survey on a variety personal preferences and attitudes, and the survey was not presented as a study on psilocybin.ResultsOf the 1,078 respondents, 8% reported previous psilocybin use and 51% were willing to try psilocybin in medical treatment.ConclusionsPsilocybin use is more common in Norway than the authors hypothesized, and the general public is relatively open to using psilocybin in a medical context. The latter is interpreted as promising with regards to the feasibility of conducting rigorous clinical trials on potential effects and side effects of psilocybin-assisted treatment in Norway.

Short Review: Ceramic Foam Fabrication Techniques for Wastewater Treatment Application

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sufizar Ahmad ◽  
Marziana Abdoll Latif ◽  
Hariati Taib ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Ceramic Foam ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Gel Casting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
New Research ◽  
Starch Consolidation ◽  
Treatment Application

Ceramic foam is a class of highly porous materials that are used for wide range of technological applications, specifically as absorbents and membrane for wastewater treatment process. Among the potential materials include silicon carbide (SiC), alumina (Al2O3), zirconia (ZrO2), titania (TiO2), and silica (SiO2). The review clarifies on the broad types of ceramic foam, and the common techniques of foam fabrication, such as polymeric sponge method, starch consolidation, direct foaming, and gel-casting of foam. The parameters of each fabrication techniques will be discussed crucial based on the new research findings in the field of ceramic foam.

scholarly journals Effect of antihypertensive drug treatment on long-term blood pressure reduction: An individual patient-level data meta-analysis of 352,744 Participants from 51 large-scale randomised clinical trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Antihypertensive Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Wide Range

ABSTRACTObjectivesEvidence from randomised trials on long-term blood pressure (BP) reduction from pharmacologic treatment is limited. To investigate the effects of antihypertensive drugs on long-term BP change and examine its variation over time and among people with different clinical characteristicsDesignIndividual participant-level data meta-analysisSetting and data sourceThe Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists’ Collaboration involving 51 large-scale long-term randomised clinical trialsParticipants352,744 people (42% women) with mean age of 65 years and mean baseline systolic/diastolic BP of 152/87 mmHg, of whom 18% were current smokers, 50% had cardiovascular disease, 29% had diabetes, and 72% were taking antihypertensive treatment at baselineInterventionPharmacological BP-lowering treatmentOutcomeDifference in longitudinal changes in systolic and diastolic BP between randomised treatment arms over an average follow-up of four yearsResultDrugs were effective in lowering BP, with the maximum effect becoming apparent after 12-month follow-up and with gradual attenuation towards later years. Based on measures taken ≥12 months post-randomisation, more intense BP-lowering treatment reduced systolic/diastolic BP (95% confidence interval) by −11.2 (−11.4 to −11.0)/−5.6 (−5.8 to −5.5) mmHg than less intense treatment; active treatment by −5.1 (−5.3 to −5.0)/−2.3 (−2.4 to −2.2) mmHg lower than placebo, and active arm by −1.4 (−1.5 to −1.3)/−0.6 (−0.7 to −0.6) mmHg lower than the control arm for drug class comparison trials. BP reductions were consistently observed across a wide range of baseline BP values and ages, and by sex, history of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and prior antihypertensive treatment use.ConclusionPharmacological agents were effective in lowering long-term BP among individuals with a wide range of characteristics, but the net between-group reductions were modest, which is partly attributable to the intended trial goals.

scholarly journals SHIGRU (Moringa oleifera Lam.) AS VISHAGNA DRAVYA- AN OVERVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-458
Author(s):  
Ananya, B ◽  
Ravikrishna S ◽  
Sreejith K ◽  
Chaithra Hebbar
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Treat Ment ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Shigru is very common and well-known herbal medicine. The plant is botanically identified as Moringa oleifera Lam. which is distributed in many countries of the tropics and subtropics. It is fast-growing and the most widely cultivated species. It belongs to Moringacae family and Moringa genus. Different parts of Shigru like leaves, seed, bark, root bark etc. are used as Aushadi (medicine) and Ahara (food). The plant has an impressive range of medicinal uses with high nutritional value., It is traditionally used in the treat-ment of various ailments i.e. Visha (poison), Krimi (wormicidal), Kustha (skin disorders), Kandu (itching) Vatavyadhi, Ashmari (calculi), Sopha (Inflammation). This review focuses on the detailed literature review and the medicinal use of shigru in visha (poison)

scholarly journals Variations in floristic composition of wild and cultivated species associated with Moringa oleifera Lam. in Egypt

Taeckholmia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-157
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mobarak ◽  
Kamal Shaltout ◽  
Hussein Ali ◽  
Dina Baraka ◽  
Saadia Aly
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

scholarly journals The Shortcomings of Clinical Practice Guidelines

Cardiology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Dean Boudoulas ◽  
Carl V. Leier ◽  
Paraschos Geleris ◽  
Harisios Boudoulas
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Practice Guidelines ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
New Research ◽  
Lost In Translation

Accumulation of medical knowledge related to diagnosis and management over the last 5-6 decades has altered the course of diseases, improved clinical outcomes and increased survival. Thus, it has become difficult for the practicing physician to evaluate the long-term effects of a particular therapy on survival of an individual patient. Further, the approach by each physician to an individual patient with the same disease is not always uniform. In an attempt to assist physicians in applying newly acquired knowledge to patients, clinical practice guidelines were introduced by various scientific societies. Guidelines assist in facilitating the translation of new research discoveries into clinical practice; however, despite the improvements over the years, there are still several issues related to guidelines that often appear ‘lost in translation'. Guidelines are based on the results of randomized clinical trials, other nonrandomized studies, and expert opinion (i.e. the opinion of most members of the guideline committees). The merits and limitations of randomized clinical trials, guideline committees, and presentation of guidelines will be discussed. In addition, proposals to improve guidelines will be presented.

scholarly journals Optimizing Weed Management for the New Super-Forage Moringa oleifera

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1055
Author(s):  
Itai Shulner ◽  
Evyatar Asaf ◽  
Zohar Ben-Simhon ◽  
Miri Cohen-Zinder ◽  
Ariel Shabtay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Safe Control ◽  
New Crop ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Moringa oleifera Lam. (moringa hereafter) is cultivated as a new summer super-forage field crop in Israel, yet no weed control protocol has been developed for it. The objective of the study was to develop an integrated weed management (IWM) practice for the moringa agro-system in arid and semi-arid regions like the Mediterranean basin. We tested various herbicides applied pre (PRE) and post (POST) crop emergence and cultivation methods for weed control, with an emphasis on crop safety. The PRE herbicides were the most effective and safe control mean. Their application resulted in minor (<5%) crop fresh weight reductions and weed cover area, compared with the control. The POST herbicides were also effective, yet their crop safety level was lower and non-consistent in some treatments. Generally, the finger weeder was less effective than the herbicide treatments and caused higher fresh weight reduction. However, this means was more effective when applied at earlier stages. Management and environmental conditions had a high impact on the moringa growth; hence, these aspects should be considered. Our results show the potential use of different herbicides and non-chemical tools and set the basis for a future IWM protocol for moringa. The wide range of options offered here can ensure economic and environmentally viable solutions for this new crop.

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