scholarly journals CO2 Separation with Polymer/Aniline Composite Membranes

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1363
Author(s):  
Hwa Jin Lee ◽  
Sang Wook Kang
Keyword(s):  
Benzene Ring ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
High Separation ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Polymer composite membranes containing aniline were prepared for CO2/N2 separation. Aniline was selected for high separation performance as an additive containing both the benzene ring to interfere with gas transport and an amino group that could induce the accelerated transport of CO2 molecules. As a result, when aniline having both a benzene ring and an amino group was incorporated into polymer membranes, the selectivity was largely enhanced by the role of both gas barriers and CO2 carriers. Selective layers coated on the polysulfone were identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and the interaction with aniline in the polymer matrix was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The binding energy of oxygen in the polymer matrix was investigated by XPS, and the thermal stability of the composite membrane was confirmed by TGA.

scholarly journals Correlation between Functional Group and Formation of Nanoparticles in PEBAX/Ag Salt/Al Salt Complexes for Olefin Separation

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
So Young Kim ◽  
Younghyun Cho ◽  
Sang Wook Kang
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Metal Salt ◽  
Amide Group ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Ether Group ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ft Ir

poly ether-block-amide (PEBAX)-2533/metal salt/Al salt membranes were prepared for mixed olefin/paraffin separation. PEBAX-2533 with 80% ether group and 20% amide group was suggested as the polymer matrix for comparison of separation performance according to the functional group ratio in copolymer PEBAX. In addition, Al salts were used to stabilize metal ions for a long time as additives. High permeance was expected with the proportion of high ether groups, since these functional groups provided relatively permeable regions. As a result, the PEBAX-2533 composite membrane showed a selectivity of 5 (propylene/propane) with 10 GPU. However, the permeance of membrane was not unexpectedly improved and the selectivity was reduced. The result was analyzed by using SEM, RAMAN and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The reduction in separation performance was determined by using FT-IR. Based on these results, in order to stabilize the metal ions interacting with the polymer through Al(NO3)3, it was concluded that a specific ratio of the amide group was needed in PEBAX as a polymer matrix.

scholarly journals The Role of New Inorganic Materials in Composite Membranes for Water Disinfection

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Castro-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Today, there is an increasing interest in improving the physicochemical properties of polymeric membranes by merging the membranes with different inorganic materials. These so-called composite membranes have been implemented in different membrane-based technologies (e.g., microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, membrane bioreactors, among others) for water treatment and disinfection. This is because such inorganic materials (such as TiO2-, ZnO-, Ag-, and Cu-based nanoparticles, carbon-based materials, to mention just a few) can improve the separation performance of membranes and also some other properties, such as antifouling, mechanical, thermal, and physical and chemical stability. Moreover, such materials display specific biological activity towards viruses, bacteria, and protozoa, showing enhanced water disinfection properties. Therefore, the aim of this review is to collect the latest advances (in the last five years) in using composite membranes and new hybrid materials for water disinfection, paying particular emphasis on relevant results and new hydride composites together with their preparation protocols. Moreover, this review addresses the main mechanism of action of different conventional and novel inorganic materials toward biologically active matter.

scholarly journals Ultrafast time-resolved quantum cascade laser diagnostic for revealing the role of surface formate species in the photocatalytic oxidation of methanol

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5618-5627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefine Schnee ◽  
Marco Daturi ◽  
Mohamad El-Roz
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Quantum Cascade ◽  
Oxidation Of Methanol ◽  
Laser Diagnostic ◽  
Surface Formate ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

QCL-assisted operando FT-IR spectroscopy revealed the role of surface formate species in the photocatalytic oxidation of methanol over TiO2.

scholarly journals In Situ IR Characterization of CO Interacting with Rh Nanoparticles Obtained by Calcination and Reduction of Hydrotalcite-Type Precursors

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Basile ◽  
I. Bersani ◽  
P. Del Gallo ◽  
S. Fiorilli ◽  
G. Fornasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Size ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen Temperature ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
In Situ Ir ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Co Disproportionation ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Supported Rh nanoparticles obtained by reduction in hydrogen of severely calcined Rh/Mg/Al hydrotalcite-type (HT) phases have been characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy of adsorbed CO [both at room temperature (r.t.) and nominal liquid nitrogen temperature] and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The effect of reducing temperature has been investigated, showing that Rh crystal size increases from 1.4 nm to 1.8 nm when the reduction temperature increases from 750°C to 950°C. The crystal growth favours the formation of bridged CO species and linear monocarbonyl species with respect to gem-dicarbonyl species; when CO adsorbs at r.t., CO disproportionation occurs on Rh and it accompanies the formation of RhI(CO)2. The role of interlayer anions in the HT precursors to affect the properties of the final materials has been also investigated considering samples prepared from silicate-instead of carbonate-containing precursors. In this case, formation of RhI(CO)2 and CO disproportionation do not occur, and this evidence is discussed in terms of support effect.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies on Polyurethane Composites Filled with Polyaniline and Graphene for DLP-Type 3D Printing

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeonseo Joo ◽  
Sunghun Cho
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Solution Process ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Light Curing ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Polyurethane Composites ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Digital light processing (DLP)-type 3D printing ensures several advantages, such as an easy solution process, a short printing time, high-quality printing, and selective light curing. Furthermore, polyurethane (PU) is among the promising candidates for 3D printing because of its wide range of applications. This work reports comparative studies on the fabrication and optimization of PU composites using a polyaniline (PANI) nanomaterial and a graphene sheet (GS) for DLP-type 3D printing. The morphologies and dispersion of the printed PU composites were studied by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) images. Bonding structures in the PU composites were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. As-prepared PU/PANI and PU/GS composites with different filler contents were successfully printed into sculptures with different sizes and shapes. The PU/PANI and PU/GS composites exhibit the improved sheet resistance, which is up to 8.57 × 104 times (1.19 × 106 ohm/sq) lower and 1.27 × 105 times (8.05 × 105 ohm/sq) lower, respectively, than the pristine PU (1.02 × 1011 ohm/sq). Moreover, the PU/PANI and PU/GS composites demonstrate 1.41 times (44.5 MPa) higher and 2.19 times (69.3 MPa) higher tensile strengths compared with the pristine PU (31.6 MPa). This work suggests the potential uses of highly conductive PU composites for DLP-type 3D printing.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Films based on Chitosan, Collagen, and ZnO for Skin Tissue Regeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 11985-11995
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Bacterial infections represent a health issue worldwide. Over the past years, major interest has been given to developing new antibacterial and regenerative materials due to the increasing number of infections with pathogenic strains and the alarming antibiotic resistance. Polymer films and membranes with protective or even anti-infectious activity were developed. Some of them were based on nanoparticles with the main advantage that the resistance's development only seldom appears. Considering the Collagenic nature of the skin and the beneficial properties of Chitosan, the two polymers were proposed to be used in developing nanostructured wound dressing loaded with ZnO nanoparticles. These nanostructured materials confer promising characteristics to be used as anti-infectious wound dressing being biocompatible, antimicrobial against C. albicans and S. aureus, and highly hydrophilic able to absorb over 2300% water, which confer the premises of maintaining proper humidity and exudate absorption during wound healing. Fibrillar structures with Chitosan, Collagen, and Zinc Oxide can be an alternative for tissue regeneration. Electrospinning was used to fabricate fibrillar structures consisting of doing Chitosan, Collagen, and Zinc Oxide. The Zinc Oxide was used to defend the wound against infections and the beneficial role of Zn2+ in enhancing cell activity. The morphology of the fibrillar structures was studied by scanning electron microscopy while Collagen integrity by FT-IR spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Effects of Treatment Temperature on Properties of Starch-based Adhesives

BioResources ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 3520-3530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Yu ◽  
Yuan Cao ◽  
Qun Fang ◽  
Zhikun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Starch-based adhesives were developed by hydrolyzing starch with polyvinyl alcohol under alkaline and acidic conditions at various treatment temperatures. The chemical and physical structures of the corn starch and hydrolyzed starch were characterized with Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Thermal degradation and bond strength were also evaluated. The results indicated that the bond strength of starch adhesives reached a maximum value at 40 °C. The FI-IR results showed that the amount of hydroxyl groups first increased and then decreased with increasing treatment temperature. When the treatment temperature was 55 °C the crystallinity of treated starch was the lowest and the thermal resistance also the weakest; it decreased by 10.1% and 13.6% respectively compared to untreated starch. Obvious erosion could be observed from the SEM images of treated starch. In addition, the interaction of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and starch also could be observed, and the results indicated that the compatibility between starch and PVA became better and better as the treated temperature was increased.

Efficient dehydration of the organic solvents through graphene oxide (GO)/ceramic composite membranes

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (94) ◽  
pp. 52012-52015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guihua Li ◽  
Lei Shi ◽  
Gaofeng Zeng ◽  
Yanfeng Zhang ◽  
Yuhan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Ceramic Composite ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Solvent Water ◽  
High Separation

Al2O3 tube supported GO composite membranes with submicron thickness and improved mechanical strength were fabricated via a filter-pressing deposition method. High separation performance was achieved in the pervaporation of solvent–water mixtures.

FT-IR Spectroscopy, a Major Tool for the Analysis of Peroxide Vulcanization Processes in the Presence of Coagents. I. Mechanism of EPM Peroxide Vulcanization with Aromatic bis(Allyl)Esters as Coagents

1993 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Dikland ◽  
L. van der Does ◽  
A. Bantjes
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Equilibrium Swelling ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Allyl Esters

Abstract In this paper the results of investigations on the mechanism of EPM peroxide vulcanizations in the presence of various bis(allyl)esters of aromatic diacids—as coagents—are presented. These coagents are commonly used in the rubber industry to increase the crosslinking efficiency, however, until now the mechanism of this process remained unclear. In our studies it is demonstrated that when using FT-IR spectroscopy in combination with equilibrium swelling techniques and atomic force scanning microscopy, the role of the coagents can be elucidated.

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