scholarly journals Synthesis of a Biodegradable Polymer of Poly (Sodium Alginate/Ethyl Acrylate)

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Cynthia G. Flores-Hernández ◽  
Maria de los Angeles Cornejo-Villegas ◽  
Abigail Moreno-Martell ◽  
Alicia Del Real
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Ethyl Acrylate ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Acrylate Monomer ◽  
Glycosidic Bonds ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
C Decomposition ◽  
Vinyl Group ◽  
Tga Analysis

The objective of the study was to obtain a new biodegradable graft polymer by performing two chemical processes: first, a transesterification reaction between carboxylic acid’s salt and ethyl acrylate’s ester, followed by polymerization of the vinyl group from the ethyl acrylate monomer via free radicals. The copolymer’s FTIR shows an absence of ethyl bands, while the characteristic band of pyranose is maintained, which confirms the monomer’s graft. TGA analysis shows that sodium alginate had three decomposition temperatures: 103 °C due to dehydration, 212 °C associated with the destruction of glycosidic bonds, and 426 °C due to conversion of alginate into Na2CO3. The copolymer presents four processes at different temperatures, i.e., evaporation of alcohol at 65 °C, decomposition of ungrafted alginate at 220 °C, copolymer decomposition at 298 °C, and degradation of fragments into carbonate at 423 °C. The evaluation of the action of fungal growth on the copolymer was higher than 50%, which means it is an excellent material to be biodegraded.

Aflatoxin Production in Black Currant, Blueberry and Strawberry Jams

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 344-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. PENSALA ◽  
A. NISKANEN ◽  
S. LINDROTH
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Aflatoxin Production ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Yeast Extract Sucrose

Unsweetened and sweetened (20 and 44% sucrose) black currant, blueberry and strawberry jams with spores of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 were incubated at different temperatures and atmospheres for 0.5, 1, 2, and 6 months. Hyphal dry weight, pH of medium and aflatoxin production were examined. Also, the aflatoxin distribution between mold and jam layers was examined in jam with uncontrolled and controlled pH (initial pH 3.1–3.6 and 5.6 respectively) and in 20% yeast extract sucrose broth (initial pH 5.6) after 2 weeks of incubation. Aflatoxin was observed in black currant and strawberry jams stored at 22 and 30 C, but not in blueberry jam. Addition of sugar prevented production of aflatoxin in detectable amounts, although it enhanced fungal growth. Storage at 4 C resulted in a marked reduction in fungal growth. The high CO2 atmosphere prevented production of aflatoxin in detectable amounts in black currant and blueberry jams but not in strawberry jam. Raising the initial pH of the stored jam caused an increase in aflatoxin synthesis, although the amount of fungal mycelium, in contrast was reduced. Aflatoxin synthesis as a function of fungal growth was significantly weaker in the jams than in the yeast extract sucrose broth. The results imply that the jam raw materials, particularly blueberry, contain substances inhibiting production of atlatoxins. Alternatively, it is also possible that the jam materials contain only small amounts of nutrients necessary for synthesis of aflatoxin.

Mixed matrix membranes of sodium alginate and poly(vinyl alcohol) for pervaporation dehydration of isopropanol at different temperatures

Polymer ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (18) ◽  
pp. 5417-5430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susheelkumar G. Adoor ◽  
B. Prathab ◽  
Lata S. Manjeshwar ◽  
Tejraj M. Aminabhavi
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Mixed Matrix Membranes ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Mixed Matrix ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Matrix Membranes

scholarly journals Influence of storage time and blending on irradiated sodium alginate–polyethylene oxide films modified by methyl acrylate monomer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaia Aktar Sumi ◽  
Md. Wasikur Rahman ◽  
Nirmal Chandra Dafader
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Polyethylene Oxide ◽  
Methyl Acrylate ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Oxide Films ◽  
Acrylate Monomer

Preparation and properties of sodium alginate films

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 829-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haydar U. Zaman ◽  
Md. Dalour Hossen Beg
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Ethyl Acrylate ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Glycol Diacrylate ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding Interactions ◽  
Ftir Studies ◽  
Acrylic Monomers

Abstract Sodium alginate (SA) films were prepared by casting from methanol (MeOH) solutions and their tensile properties, like tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (Eb %), were monitored. The resulting films of SA were photocured with vinyltriethoxysilane [H2C=CH–Si–(OC2H5)3] in order to improve the tensile properties. Several acrylic monomers of different functionalities as additives (2%), like ethyl acrylate (EA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA), were incorporated with silane with the aid of UV radiation. Further analyses of the prepared films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and a TS test. FTIR studies indicate that there are intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions, i.e., –OH·····O=C in silane/SA blends. This blend films also exhibited the higher thermal stability and improved the tensile properties of the films. Degradation of SA by UV spectrometry induces time-dependent degradation.

Irradiated sodium-alginate/poly(ethylene oxide) blend films improved by methyl acrylate monomer

2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaia Aktar Sumi ◽  
Wasikur Rahman ◽  
Jahangir Alam ◽  
Nirmal Chandra Dafader ◽  
Serajum Manir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Methyl Acrylate ◽  
Acrylate Monomer ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Seeing soil carbon: use of thermal analysis in the characterization of soil C reservoirs of differing stability

2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. C. Manning ◽  
E. Lopez-Capel ◽  
S. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Carbon Pools ◽  
Cellulosic Material ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Systems ◽  
Different Temperatures

AbstractTo understand the rates of turnover of soil carbon, and hence interactions between soil carbon pools and atmospheric CO2 levels, it is essential to be able to quantify and characterize soil organic matter and mineral hosts for C. Thermal analysis is uniquely suited to this task, as different C compounds decompose during a heating cycle at different temperatures. In ‘air’ (80% He or N2, 20% O2), relatively labile cellulosic material decomposes between 300 and 350°C and more refractory lignin and related materials decompose between 400 and 650°C. Calcite and other common soil carbonate minerals decompose at 750–900°C. Using thermal analysis connected to a quadrupole mass spectrometer and to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer, it is possible to simultaneously determine mass loss during combustion, evolved gas molecular compositions, and carbon isotope ratios for evolved CO2. As an example of the potential of the technique, the evolution of a fungally-degraded wheat straw shows initial isotopic heterogeneity consistent with its plant origins (–23.8% v-PDB for cellulosic material; –26.1% v-PDB for ligninic material), which homogenizes at heavier δ13C values (–21.0% v-PDB) as lignin is preferentially degraded by fungal growth. Simultaneously, it is shown that the evolution of nitrogen compounds is initially dominated by decomposition of aliphatic N within the cellulosic component, but that with increasing fungal degradation it is the ligninic component that contributes N to evolved gases, derived presumably from pyrrolic and related N groups produced during soil degradation through condensation reactions. Overall, the use of thermal analysis coupled to quadrupole and stable isotope mass spectrometry appears to have considerable potential for the characterization of discrete carbon pools that are amenable to the modelling of carbon turnover within soil systems.

scholarly journals Optimizing the Malaxation Conditions to Produce an Arbequina EVOO with High Content of Bioactive Compounds

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1819
Author(s):  
Alexandra Olmo-Cunillera ◽  
Julián Lozano-Castellón ◽  
Maria Pérez ◽  
Eleftherios Miliarakis ◽  
Anna Tresserra-Rimbau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Health Promoting

To meet the growing demand for high-quality extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) with health-promoting properties and pleasant sensory properties, studies are needed to establish optimal production parameters. Bioactive components of EVOO, including phenolic compounds, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and squalene, contribute to its organoleptic properties and beneficial health effects. The aim of this study was to develop an Arbequina EVOO with high phenol content, particularly oleocanthal and oleacein, on a laboratory scale by analyzing the effects of different temperatures (20, 25, and 30 °C) and times (30 and 45 min) of malaxation. Higher temperatures decreased the levels of the phenolic compounds, secoiridoids, tocopherols, and squalene, but increased the pigments. EVOO with the highest quality was produced using malaxation parameters of 20 °C and 30 min, although oleocanthal and oleacein were higher at 30 and 25 °C, respectively. Overall, 20 °C and 30 min were the processing conditions that most favored the physiological and chemical processes that contribute to higher levels of bioactive compounds in the oil and diminished their degradation and oxidation processes.

Rheological investigations on the dispersions of sodium alginate and guar gum mixtures at different temperatures

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahaveer D. Kurkuri ◽  
Anandrao R. Kulkarni ◽  
Tejraj M. Aminabhavi
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Different Temperatures

FTIR and TGA Analysis in Relation with the % Crystallinity of the SiO2 Obtained by Burning Rice Husk at Various Temperatures

2012 ◽  
Vol 585 ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallavi Deshmukh ◽  
Dilip Peshwe ◽  
Shailkumar Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Amorphous Sio2 ◽  
Nano Sio2 ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Cheap Alternative ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Tga Analysis

Rice husk ash (RHA), a waste product of the rice industry, is rich in SiO2. The large amount of SiO2 freely obtained from it provides an abundant and cheap alternative to metallurgical grade SiO2 for many industrial applications. The detailed analysis of the physical dimensions such as length, width and thickness of four varieties (HMT, Sonam, 1001 and JSR) was done. The FTIR analysis of the ash obtained by burning rice husk at different temperatures proves the formation of nano SiO2. The study of the isothermal thermal degradation of the RHA was done by TGA analysis .During TGA analysis it was observed that, mass trace suddenly goes backwards along the abscissa and then continues forward normally. This characteristic behavior of the TGA plot was attributed to the formation of nano SiO2 during incineration of the RHA. The minimum value of the percentage crystallinity of the SiO2 at 500°C proved the formation of amorphous SiO2.

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