scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of New Sol–Gel Hybrid Inulin–TEOS Adsorbent

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1295
Author(s):  
Hartina Mohd Yusop ◽  
Annur Isma Husna Mohd Ismail ◽  
Wan Norfazilah Wan Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Silica Network ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Bet Analysis

A new biopolymer–silica hybrid material consisting of inulin and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) for use as an adsorbent was successfully synthesized via the sol–gel method in acidic conditions. The hydrolysis and condensation processes were attained in water/ethanol solution. Three molar ratios of inulin:TEOS (1:1, 1:2, and 2:1) were prepared and dried at various temperatures (50, 60, and 70 °C). The optimized molar ratio of 2:1 with a drying temperature of 70 °C was found to obtain the best morphology and characteristics for absorbent properties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed a strong interaction between inulin and TEOS, which was also observed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images revealed the presence of nanoparticles on the rough surface of the hybrid sol–gel. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis showed the amorphous state of the silica network where the inulin existed as an anhydrous crystalline phase. Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET) analysis confirmed that the composite was mesoporous, with 17.69 m2/g surface area and 34.06 Å pore size. According to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results, the hybrid inulin-TEOS adsorbent was thermally stable under a temperature of 200 °C.

Sol-gel synthesis and characterization of Ag nanoparticles in ZrO2 thin films

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 2541-2546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eisuke Yokoyama ◽  
Hironobu Sakata ◽  
Moriaki Wakaki
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Silver Surface ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

ZrO2 thin films containing silver nanoparticles were prepared using the sol-gel method with Ag to Zr molar ratios [Ag]/[Zr] = 0.11, 0.25, 0.43, 0.67, 1.00, 1.50, and 2.33. After dip coating on glass substrate, coated films were annealed at 200 and 300 °C in air. X-ray diffraction peaks corresponding to crystalline Ag were observed, but a specific peak corresponding to ZrO2 was not observed. At the molar ratio [Ag]/[Zr] = 0.25, the particle size of Ag distributed broadly centered at 17 nm for an annealing temperature of 200 °C and at 25 nm for 300 °C. The films annealed in air at 200 °C showed an absorption band centered at 450 nm because of the silver surface plasmon resonance, whereas films heated at 300 °C in air caused a red shift of the absorption to 500 nm. The absorption peak was analyzed using the effective dielectric function of Ag-ZrO2 composite films modeled with the Maxwell-Garnett expression.

Synthesis and Characterization of Pd/Ag/SiO2 Nano-Composite Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 726 ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yang ◽  
Bao Song Li ◽  
Zhi Tong ◽  
Rui Hua Mu
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Linear Structure ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Powder Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Silica Network

Pd/Ag/SiO2 sols and powder materials were prepared by adding AgNO3 and Pd (NO3)2·2H2O into a methyl-modified silica sol. Tetraethylorthosilicate and methyltriethoxysilane were used as the silica precursor for the sol-gel reaction. The obtained SiO2 sols and powder materials were characterized by sol particle size distribution, zeta potential analysis, UV-Vis spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement. It was found that most of the particle sizes of the prepared Pd/Ag/SiO2 sols are about 2~10 nm with narrow size distribution. The zeta potential of Pd/Ag/SiO2 sol with Pd/Ag molar ratio of 7.5/2.5 presents the highest value. The FTIR analysis substantiates that the Si-CH3 groups exist in the silica network and the formed Pd/Ag/SiO2 sol particles possess linear structure. XRD characterization indicates that the Pd2+ and Ag+ in the Pd/Ag/SiO2 materials had be reduced to Pd0 and Ag0, respectively, after annealed in a nitrogen atmosphere at 350°C.

Growth and Characterization of PZT Thin Films

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daqun Bao ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Hang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Pzt Thin Films ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystallographic Structures ◽  
Strain Equation

This paper presents the growth and characterization of PZT thin films by using the sol-gel technology. In this paper, we study the influences of annealing process and different substrates on the orientation and crystalline quality of PZT thin films. The crystallographic structures are tested by using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and the residual stresses of PZT thin films are obtained by calculation from a derived stress-strain equation in XRD analysis. Moreover, surface morphology and microstructure of the films are investigated by using AFM and SEM, and the polarization hysteresis of PZT thin films is measured by using a Sawyer Tower circuit. The results show that PZT thin films prepared by using the sol-gel method have good properties and can be used for developing PZT-based micro and nano devices.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite from Duck Eggshell by Wet Precipitation Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Yelmida Azis ◽  
Cory Dian Alfarisi ◽  
Komalasari Komalasari ◽  
Khairat Khairat ◽  
Yusnimar Sahan
Keyword(s):  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Stable Form ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inorganic Mineral

Hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is the most stable form of calcium phosphate and widely used in various medical applications, mainly in orthopedics and dentistry due to its close similarities with the inorganic mineral component of bone and teeth. This study aims to synthesize hydroxyapatite from duck eggshell using the precipitation method. The duck eggshell was calcined, hydrated (slaking) and underwent carbonation to form Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC).  Afterwards, (NH4)2HPO4 was added to produce HAp by varying the molar ratio of Ca/P by 1.67, 1.77 and 1.87 and stirring speed by 200, 250, 300rpm under basic condition (pH 10 – 11). The best results were obtained at a molar ratio of 1.77 with 200rpm stirring speed. Furthermore, the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that its crystals were hexagonal with sizes of 23.062nm, in the absence of other crystalline phases. Therefore, the hydroxyapatite was obtained in the agglomerates form with a specific surface area of ??55.929m2/g.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of TNTs/Polyaniline Composite as Photocatalyst Degradation of Rhodamin B by Visible Light

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Atik Setyani ◽  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Sigit Priatmoko ◽  
Emas Agus Prastyo Wibowo ◽  
Nur Amin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Gap ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Pani Composite ◽  
Stretching Vibration

<p>The purpose of this research is to study the effect of the amount of aniline on their photocatalytic activity. Nano TiO<sub>2</sub> was synthesized using sol-gel method with TiPP precursor. XRD characterization results showed that nano TiO<sub>2</sub> with calcination temperature of 450 °C had size of 13.8 nm with high crystalline. The diffraction peaks of nano TiO<sub>2</sub> at 2θ are 24.45°; 37.075°; 47.26° and 53.18°. Nano TiO<sub>2</sub> was then synthesized with hydrothermal treatment 24 h of 140 °C to produce TNTs. The results of XRD analysis shows anatase phase with field (004) and (200). The morphology of TNTs begins to form at the calcinations temperature of 600 °C with textural coefficient value of 0.998 3 . Synthesis of composite TNTs/PANI (polyaniline) was done by in situ polymerization technique of aniline which was already contained nano TiO<sub>2</sub>. The molar ratio of aniline and APS in the synthesis of a composite is 1:1.5 with the addition of aniline of 15 %; 20 % and 25 % (w/w %). Characterization using FTIR showed the stretching vibration of the C=N in wavelength of 1 600 cm<sup>–1</sup> to mark the formation of quinonoid compounds of polyaniline. The test of the rhodamine B degradation gave the best results on the 25 % TNTs/PANI composite, with the degradation percentage of 58.73 %. The characterization results using dr-uv proved that the decrease of energy gap in the TNTs/PANI composite which as evidenced with Kubelka-Munk calculation equation that was 25 % TNTs/PANI amounting to 3.19 eV and TNTs at 3.24 eV.</p>

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Ni2+-doped SnO2 Powders

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trinh Thi Loan ◽  
Nguyen Ngoc Long
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Near Band Edge ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Violet Emission ◽  
Dopant Content ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Undoped Sno2

The SnO2:Ni2+ powders with dopant contents ranging from 0.0 to 12 mol% have been synthesized by sol-gel method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) Raman spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) and photoluminescense (PL) spectra. XRD analysis showed that samples doped with low Ni- concentrations exhibited single SnO2 crystalline phase, whereas the samples with high Ni- concentrations exhibited a mixture of SnO2 and NiO phases. The lattice parameters of the SnO2 host were independent on Ni2+ dopant content, while Raman mode positions were dependenton Ni2+ dopant content. The PL spectrum of the undoped SnO2 was characterized by the emission peaks due to near band edge (NBE) emission and the violet emission peaks associated with surface dangling bonds or oxygen vacancies and Sn interstitials.

Bioglasses in the SiO2-CaO-P2O5 System

2008 ◽  
Vol 47-50 ◽  
pp. 1063-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costel Birsan ◽  
Cristina Ghitulica ◽  
Ecaterina Andronescu ◽  
Cristina Ionita ◽  
Mihaela Birsan
Keyword(s):  
Body Fluid ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physiological Serum ◽  
P2o5 System

The aim of the study was the synthesis and characterization of bioactive osteoinductive glasses, in the SiO2 – CaO – P2O5 system. In order to maintain the bioactive character of bioglasses, for SiO2 contents higher than 60%, the sol – gel method was used for preparation. On the obtained powders, thermal, grain size and X - ray diffraction analysis were performed. The X - ray diffraction emphasized the formation of phosphate phases, whose proportion decreases as the silica content is increased. Later, the powders were thermally treated at temperatures between 1000 and 14000C, the phase composition evolution being monitored through XRD analysis. On the powder suspensions in physiological serum, the evolution of pH was investigated, in order to establish the chemical stability. The behavior of the obtained powders in physiological medium was studied, by immersing samples in simulated body fluid and excerpted after different periods of time.

scholarly journals Characterization of Modified Magnetite Nanoparticles for Albumin Immobilization

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Bordbar ◽  
A. A. Rastegari ◽  
R. Amiri ◽  
E. Ranjbakhsh ◽  
M. Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Covalent Immobilization ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Buffer Solutions ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Chemical Coprecipitation Method

Magnetite Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by chemical coprecipitation method. Silica-coated magnetite NPs were prepared by sol-gel reaction, subsequently coated with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) via silanization reaction, and then were activated with 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine (TCT) and covalently immobilized with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The size and structure of the particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. The immobilization was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). XRD analysis showed that the binding process has not done any phase change to Fe3O4. The immobilization time for this process was 4 h and the amount of immobilized BSA for the initial value of 1.05 mg BSA was about 120 mg/gr nanoparticles. Also, the influences of three different buffer solutions and ionic strength on covalent immobilization were evaluated.

scholarly journals Undoped and Eu3+ Doped Magnesium-Aluminium Layered Double Hydroxides: Peculiarities of Intercalation of Organic Anions and Investigation of Luminescence Properties

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelija Smalenskaite ◽  
Lina Pavasaryte ◽  
Thomas Yang ◽  
Aivaras Kareiva
Keyword(s):  
Layered Double Hydroxides ◽  
Organic Anion ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Organic Guests ◽  
Double Hydroxides ◽  
Scanning Electron

The Mg3/Al and Mg3/Al0.99Eu0.01 layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were fabricated using a sol-gel chemistry approach and intercalated with different anions through ion exchange procedure. The influence of the origin of organic anion (oxalate, laurate, malonate, succinate, tartrate, benzoate, 1,3,5-benzentricarboxylate (BTC), 4-methylbenzoate (MB), 4-dimethylaminobenzoate (DMB) and 4-biphenylacetonate (BPhAc)) on the evolution of the chemical composition of the inorganic-organic LDHs system has been investigated. The obtained results indicated that the type and arrangement of organic guests between layers of the LDHs influence Eu3+ luminescence in the synthesized different hybrid inorganic–organic matrixes. For the characterization of synthesis products X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy (FLS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were used.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of ternary chitosan–TiO2–ZnO over graphene for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline from pharmaceutical wastewater

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Asadzadeh Patehkhor ◽  
Moslem Fattahi ◽  
Mohammadreza Khosravi-Nikou
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Pharmaceutical Wastewater ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Molar Ratios

AbstractVarious nanocomposites of TiO2–ZnO, TiO2–ZnO/CS, and TiO2–ZnO/CS–Gr with different molar ratios were synthesized by sol–gel and ultrasound-assisted methods and utilized under UV irradiation to enhance the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline. Characterization of prepared materials were carried out by XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDX and BET techniques. The TiO2–ZnO with the 1:1 molar ratio supported with 1:2 weight ratio CS–Gr (T1‒Z1/CS1‒Gr2 sample) appeared as the most effective material at the optimized operational conditions including the tetracycline concentration of 20 mg/L, pH = 4, catalyst dosage of 0.5 g/L, and 3 h of irradiation time. As expected, the graphene had a significant effect in improving degradation results. The detailed performances of the T1‒Z1/CS1‒Gr2 were compared with ternary nanocomposites from EDX and BET results as well as from the degradation viewpoint. This novel photocatalyst can be effective in actual pharmaceutical wastewater treatment considering the applied operational parameters.

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