scholarly journals Influence of the Presence of Choline Chloride on the Classical Mechanism of “Gelatinization” of Starch

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1509
Author(s):  
Doina Crucean ◽  
Bruno Pontoire ◽  
Gervaise Debucquet ◽  
Alain Le-Bail ◽  
Patricia Le-Bail
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Classical Mechanism

The aim of this research is to contribute to a better understanding the destructuration of three native starches and a wheat flour in mixtures of water and choline chloride. Model systems have thus been defined to allow a better approach to hydrothermic transformations related to the interactions between choline chloride and starch. We have observed that choline chloride has an impact on the gelatinization of starch which corresponds to the stabilizing salts phenomenon. The depolymerization and dissolution of the starch have also been demonstrated and can there dominate the gelatinization. However, the results obtained in X-ray diffraction by heating cell have shown that the exotherm which appeared was not only related to the depolymerization of the starch, but that a stage of crystalline rearrangement of the starch coexisted with this phenomenon.

The Anticancer Drug Cisplatin Interacts with the Human Erythrocyte Membrane

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Suwalsky ◽  
Pedro Hernández ◽  
Fernando Villena ◽  
Carlos P. Sotomayor
Keyword(s):  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Human Erythrocyte ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Human Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Phospholipid Classes ◽  
Functional Membrane ◽  
Dmpc Bilayer ◽  
Outer Monolayer

Drugs which exert their effects by interacting with DNA cause structural and functional membrane alterations which may be essential for growth inhibition by these agents. This paper describes the interaction of cisplatin with the human erythrocyte membrane and models constituted by bilayers of dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE) and diacylphosphatidylserine (DAPS), representative of phospholipid classes located in the inner monolayer of the erythrocyte membrane, and of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC), a class present in its outer monolayer. Cisplatin ability to perturb DMPE, DAPS and DMPC bilayer structures was determined by X-ray diffraction and fluorescence spectroscopy. Electron microscopy disclosed that human erythrocytes incubated with 35 μм cisplatin, which is its therapeutical concentration in serum, developed cup-shaped forms (stomatocytes). According to the bilayer couple hypothesis, this means that the drug is inserted into the inner monolayer of the erythrocyte membrane, a conclusion supported by the studies on model systems.

Ionothermal Synthesis of Sodalite from Metakaolin

2012 ◽  
Vol 487 ◽  
pp. 789-792
Author(s):  
Xin Tao Zhou ◽  
Qi Feng Liu ◽  
Ying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Infrared Spectrum ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure And Property ◽  
Ionothermal Synthesis ◽  
Scanning Electron

The sodalite was prepared with metakaolin by the ionothermal method in deep eutectic solvent(choline chloride/urea). Such factors as the Na2O/SiO2 ratio, crystallization temperature and time had effects on the structure and property. The high crystallinity and purity of sodalite can be obtained at the Na2O/SiO2 ratio of 3:1, and the temperature of 180°C for 60h. The product was characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, Infrared spectrum and scanning electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Changing the game of time resolved X-ray diffraction on the mechanochemistry playground by downsizing

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio I. Lampronti ◽  
Adam A. L. Michalchuk ◽  
Paolo P. Mazzeo ◽  
Ana M. Belenguer ◽  
Jeremy K. M. Sanders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Synchrotron Source ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microstructural Parameters ◽  
Metal Organic

AbstractTime resolved in situ (TRIS) monitoring has revolutionised the study of mechanochemical transformations but has been limited by available data quality. Here we report how a combination of miniaturised grinding jars together with innovations in X-ray powder diffraction data collection and state-of-the-art analysis strategies transform the power of TRIS synchrotron mechanochemical experiments. Accurate phase compositions, comparable to those obtained by ex situ measurements, can be obtained with small sample loadings. Moreover, microstructural parameters (crystal size and microstrain) can be also determined with high confidence. This strategy applies to all chemistries, is readily implemented, and yields high-quality diffraction data even using a low energy synchrotron source. This offers a direct avenue towards the mechanochemical investigation of reactions comprising scarce, expensive, or toxic compounds. Our strategy is applied to model systems, including inorganic, metal-organic, and organic mechanosyntheses, resolves previously misinterpreted mechanisms in mechanochemical syntheses, and promises broad, new directions for mechanochemical research.

scholarly journals Interfacial premelting of ice in nano composite materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 3734-3741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailong Li ◽  
Markus Bier ◽  
Julian Mars ◽  
Henning Weiss ◽  
Ann-Christin Dippel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Nano Composites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
X Ray

We present a quantitative description of ice premelting in permafrost model systems. Experimental data on the interfacial premelting in ice/clay nano composites was obtained by high energy X-ray diffraction.

Corrosion Processes of Uranus B6 and Monel 400 Special Alloys in Deep Eutectic Solvents

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 2968-2972
Author(s):  
Elena Ionela Neacsu ◽  
Virgil Constantin ◽  
Cristina Donath ◽  
Kazimir Yanushkevich ◽  
Aliona Zhivulka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Corrosion Process ◽  
Specific Magnetization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Monel 400

The corrosion behaviour of special alloys (Uranus B6 steel and Monel 400) exposed to chlorine chloride-deep eutectic solvents (DES) at 353 K has been investigated by polarization curves method. The corresponding corrosion parameters in choline chloride-oxalic acid and choline chloride-malonic acid were calculated. Micrographic images before and after immersion in the corrosive medium were obtained. Measurements of the influence of the corrosion process on the crystal structure and specific magnetization of the studied steels was carried out by using X-ray diffraction and respectivelly ponderomotive methods.

Fabrication of Ag@AgCl with Enhanced Plasmonic Photocatalysis Performance via a Deep Eutectic Solvent

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Ge ◽  
Yuchong Chen ◽  
Jing Xu ◽  
Yujie Liu ◽  
Long Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Oxidation Mechanism ◽  
Photocatalytic Property ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasmonic Photocatalyst ◽  
Facile Solvothermal Method

The plasmonic photocatalyst Ag@AgCl was successfully prepared through a facile solvothermal method via a deep eutectic solvent (DES), which is composed of choline chloride and urea. X-Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, element-mapping, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, N2 absorption–desorption, and UV-vis diffuse reflectance techniques were adopted to analyse the performance of the plasmonic photocatalyst. Characterisation results indicated that the DES not only served as a solvent and Cl source, but also as a reductant. Meanwhile, the probable mechanism for the formation of Ag@AgCl is discussed, which revealed a visible light enhanced photocatalytic property for the degradation of benzidine. Furthermore, the photocatalyst showed no decrease in its catalytic activity even after five cycles of operation. Finally, a possible photocatalytic oxidation mechanism of Ag@AgCl is proposed.

Microscopic Structure Analysis in Disordered Materials using Anomalous X-ray Scattering

2014 ◽  
Vol 228 (10-12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Rüdiger Stellhorn ◽  
Shinya Hosokawa ◽  
Wolf-Christian Pilgrim
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

AbstractAlthough X-ray diffraction is still mainly used to determine crystal structures, the demand for an understanding of the atomic arrangement in disordered matter has progressively become more important over the past decades. However, apart from simple model systems, it is still a challenging task to unravel the microscopic ordering of the atoms in amorphous multi-component materials, although this knowledge becomes increasingly important in modern materials science, in which the physical properties are often related to the microscopic ordering of the different chemical species of the substance. This article reports about the combination of Anomalous X-ray Scattering (AXS) with Reverse Monte Carlo Computer simulation (RMC) as a proper tool to precisely determine the microscopic structural characteristics in such systems with high reliability. The basic principles of the method will be illustrated and some examples of modern materials will be given to proof the applicability and the capability of this method.

Can We Describe phase Transition in Insulators within the Landau PT theory Framework?

2009 ◽  
Vol 1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Simeone ◽  
Gianguido Baldinozzi ◽  
Dominique Gosset ◽  
Laurence Luneville ◽  
Léo Mazerolles
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Transition Theory ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pure Zirconia ◽  
Theory Framework

AbstractBased on studies of simple oxides, this paper demonstrates that the specific energy deposition modes under irradiation induce modifications of materials over different length scales. On the other hand, we show the Landau phase transition theory, widely used to explain the structural stability of materials out of irradiation, can give a general framework to describe the behavior of these oxides under irradiation. The use of X-ray diffraction techniques coupled with the Raman spectroscopy allows defining in a quantitative way the phenomenological parameters leading to predictive results. This paper clearly shows that in two model systems, pure zirconia and spinels, no unexpected new phases are produced in these oxides irradiated at room temperature and with different fluxes. Such a phenomenological approach may be useful to study the radiation tolerance of many crystalline ceramics (e.g. the zirconium based americium ceramics).

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