Wet-Spun Composite Filaments from Lignocellulose Nanofibrils/Alginate and Their Physico-Mechanical Properties

Lignocellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) with different lignin contents were prepared using choline chloride (ChCl)/lactic acid (LA), deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment, and subsequent mechanical defibrillation. The LCNFs had a diameter of 15.3–18.2 nm, which was similar to the diameter of commercial pure cellulose nanofibrils (PCNFs). The LCNFs and PCNFs were wet-spun in CaCl2 solution for filament fabrication. The addition of sodium alginate (AL) significantly improved the wet-spinnability of the LCNFs. As the AL content increased, the average diameter of the composite filaments increased, and the orientation index decreased. The increase in AL content improved the wet-spinnability of CNFs but deteriorated the tensile properties. The increase in the spinning rate resulted in an increase in the orientation index, which improved the tensile strength and elastic modulus.

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Preparation and properties of wet-spun microcomposite filaments from cellulose nanocrystals and alginate using a microfluidic device

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.16.3.5780-5793 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 5780-5793

Author(s):

Ji-Soo Park ◽

Chan-Woo Park ◽

Song-Yi Han ◽

Eun-Ah Lee ◽

Azelia Wulan Cindradewi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tensile Properties ◽

Sodium Alginate ◽

Calcium Chloride ◽

Microfluidic Device ◽

Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Coagulation Bath ◽

Al Content ◽

Orientation Index ◽

Cacl2 Solution

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were wet-spun in a coagulation bath for the fabrication of microfilaments, and the effect of sodium alginate (AL) addition on the wet-spinnability and properties of the microcomposite filament was investigated. The CNC suspension exhibited excellent wet-spinnability in calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution, and the addition of AL in CNC suspension resulted in the enhancement of the wet-spinnability of CNCs. As the AL content increased from 3% to 10%, the average diameter of the microcomposite filament decreased, and its tensile properties deteriorated. The increased spinning rate caused an increase in the orientation index of CNCs, resulting in an improvement in the tensile properties of the microcomposite filament.

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Preparation and Properties of Wet-Spun Microcomposite Filaments from Various CNFs and Alginate

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13111709 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 1709

Author(s):

Ji-Soo Park ◽

Chan-Woo Park ◽

Song-Yi Han ◽

Eun-Ah Lee ◽

Azelia Wulan Cindradewi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Elastic Modulus ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽

Microfluidic Channel ◽

Cellulose Nanofibril ◽

Pure Cellulose ◽

Alginate Fibers ◽

Cacl2 Solution

We aimed to improve the mechanical properties of alginate fibers by reinforcing with various cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). Pure cellulose nanofibril (PCNF), lignocellulose nanofibril (LCNF) obtained via deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment, and TEMPO-oxidized lignocellulose nanofibril (TOLCNF) were employed. Sodium alginate (AL) was mixed with PCNF, LCNF, and TOLCNF with a CNF content of 5–30%. To fabricate microcomposite filaments, the suspensions were wet-spun in calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution through a microfluidic channel. Average diameters of the microcomposite filaments were in the range of 40.2–73.7 μm, which increased with increasing CNF content and spinning rate. The tensile strength and elastic modulus improved as the CNF content increased to 10%, but the addition of 30% CNF deteriorated the tensile properties. The tensile strength and elastic modulus were in the order of LCNF/AL > PCNF/AL > TOLCNF/AL > AL. An increase in the spinning rate improved the tensile properties.

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Sustainable preparation of cellulose nanofibrils via choline chloride-citric acid deep eutectic solvent pretreatment combined with high-pressure homogenization

Carbohydrate Polymers ◽

10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118220 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 118220

Author(s):

Wei Liu ◽

Haishun Du ◽

Kun Liu ◽

Huayu Liu ◽

Hongxiang Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Citric Acid ◽

Choline Chloride ◽

Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽

High Pressure Homogenization

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The effect of choline chloride: acetamide deep eutectic solvent to physicochemical and mechanical properties of pectin-based bioplastic

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/957/1/012037 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 957 ◽

pp. 012037

Author(s):

Mohamad Azhar Azman ◽

Yusof Rizana ◽

Samsudin Dalina ◽

Roziana Mohamed Hanaphi

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Choline Chloride ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvent

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Hydrophobic, Superabsorbing Aerogels from Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent Pretreated and Silylated Cellulose Nanofibrils for Selective Oil Removal

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ◽

10.1021/acsami.7b06304 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (29) ◽

pp. 25029-25037 ◽

Cited By ~ 80

Author(s):

Ossi Laitinen ◽

Terhi Suopajärvi ◽

Monika Österberg ◽

Henrikki Liimatainen

Keyword(s):

Choline Chloride ◽

Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽

Oil Removal

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Strengthening Cellulose Nanopaper via Deep Eutectic Solvent and Ultrasound-Induced Surface Disordering of Nanofibers

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym14010078 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 78

Author(s):

Elizaveta V. Batishcheva ◽

Darya N. Sokolova ◽

Veronika S. Fedotova ◽

Maria P. Sokolova ◽

Alexandra L. Nikolaeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Ethylene Glycol ◽

Bacterial Cellulose ◽

Choline Chloride ◽

Cellulose Nanofibers ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽

Thermal Characteristics ◽

Degree Of Polymerization ◽

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor ◽

Structural Investigations

The route for the preparation of cellulose nanofiber dispersions from bacterial cellulose using ethylene glycol- or glycerol-based deep eutectic solvents (DES) is demonstrated. Choline chloride was used as a hydrogen bond acceptor and the effect of the combined influence of DES treatment and ultrasound on the thermal and mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose nanofibers (BC-NFs) is demonstrated. It was found that the maximal Young’s modulus (9.2 GPa) is achieved for samples prepared using a combination of ethylene glycol-based DES and ultrasound treatment. Samples prepared with glycerol-based DES combined with ultrasound exhibit the maximal strength (132 MPa). Results on the mechanical properties are discussed based on the structural investigations that were performed using FTIR, Raman, WAXD, SEM and AFM measurements, as well as the determination of the degree of polymerization and the density of BC-NF packing during drying with the formation of paper. We propose that the disordering of the BC-NF surface structure along with the preservation of high crystallinity bulk are the key factors leading to the improved mechanical and thermal characteristics of prepared BC-NF-based papers.

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Preparation and Characterization of Polybutylene Succinate Reinforced with Pure Cellulose Nanofibril and Lignocellulose Nanofibril Using Two-Step Process

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13223945 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (22) ◽

pp. 3945

Author(s):

Azelia Wulan Cindradewi ◽

Rajkumar Bandi ◽

Chan-Woo Park ◽

Ji-Soo Park ◽

Eun-Ah Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽

Cellulose Nanofibril ◽

Twin Screw Extrusion ◽

Step Process ◽

Pure Cellulose ◽

Twin Screw ◽

One Step ◽

Polybutylene Succinate

This study reports the preparation of a polybutylene succinate (PBS) film reinforced with pure cellulose nanofibril (PCNF) and lignocellulose nanofibril (LCNF) by a two-step process that consists of solvent dispersion and twin-screw extrusion. Compared to the conventional one-step process, this method offered improved mechanical properties. The addition of 5% CNF increased the tensile properties up to 18.8%. Further, the effect of the lignin content was also studied by using LCNF as a reinforcement. The LCNF was prepared with and without a deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment to gain LCNF with a lignin content that varied between 5, 19, and 30%. The mechanical properties results show that a 5% addition of LCNF to the PBS matrix increased its tensile strength and elastic modulus. Further, the morphological and thermal properties of the composites were also studied in detail.

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Cellulose Nanofibrils-based Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications: Progresses and Challenges

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867327666200303102859 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (28) ◽

pp. 4622-4646 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Huayu Liu ◽

Kun Liu ◽

Xiao Han ◽

Hongxiang Xie ◽

Chuanling Si ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Biomedical Application ◽

Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Tissue Scaffold ◽

Surface Areas ◽

Mechanical Methods

Background: Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNFs) are natural nanomaterials with nanometer dimensions. Compared with ordinary cellulose, CNFs own good mechanical properties, large specific surface areas, high Young's modulus, strong hydrophilicity and other distinguishing characteristics, which make them widely used in many fields. This review aims to introduce the preparation of CNFs-based hydrogels and their recent biomedical application advances. Methods: By searching the recent literatures, we have summarized the preparation methods of CNFs, including mechanical methods and chemical mechanical methods, and also introduced the fabrication methods of CNFs-based hydrogels, including CNFs cross-linked with metal ion and with polymers. In addition, we have summarized the biomedical applications of CNFs-based hydrogels, including scaffold materials and wound dressings. Results: CNFs-based hydrogels are new types of materials that are non-toxic and display a certain mechanical strength. In the tissue scaffold application, they can provide a micro-environment for the damaged tissue to repair and regenerate it. In wound dressing applications, it can fit the wound surface and protect the wound from the external environment, thereby effectively promoting the healing of skin tissue. Conclusion: By summarizing the preparation and application of CNFs-based hydrogels, we have analyzed and forecasted their development trends. At present, the research of CNFs-based hydrogels is still in the laboratory stage. It needs further exploration to be applied in practice. The development of medical hydrogels with high mechanical properties and biocompatibility still poses significant challenges.

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