scholarly journals Cerium(III) Nitrate Containing Electrospun Wound Dressing for Mitigating Burn Severity

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3174
Author(s):  
Cortes Williams ◽  
Ramanda Chambers-Wilson ◽  
Jahnabi Roy ◽  
Christine Kowalczewski ◽  
Angela R. Jockheck-Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Burn Shock ◽  
Burst Release ◽  
Levels Of Care ◽  
Pure Solvent ◽  
Release Studies ◽  
Thermal Injuries

Thermal injuries pose a risk for service members in prolonged field care (PFC) situations or to civilians in levels of lower care. Without access to prompt surgical intervention and treatment, potentially salvageable tissues are compromised, resulting in increases in both wound size and depth. Immediate debridement of necrotic tissue enhances survivability and mitigates the risks of burn shock, multiple organ failure, and infection. However, due to the difficulty of surgical removal of the burn eschar in PFC situations and lower levels of care, it is of utmost importance to develop alternative methods for burn stabilization. Studies have indicated that cerium(III) nitrate may be used to prolong the time before surgical intervention is required. The objective of this study was to incorporate cerium(III) nitrate into an electrospun dressing that could provide burst release. Select dosages of cerium(III) nitrate were dissolved with either pure solvent or polyethylene oxide (PEO) for coaxial or traditional electrospinning set-ups, respectively. The solutions were coaxially electrospun onto a rotating mandrel, resulting in a combined nonwoven mesh, and then compared to traditionally spun solutions. Dressings were evaluated for topography, morphology, and porosity using scanning electron microscopy and helium pycnometry. Additionally, cerium(III) loading efficiency, release rates, and cytocompatibility were evaluated in both static and dynamic environments. Imaging showed randomly aligned polymer nanofibers with fiber diameters of 1161 ± 210 nm and 1090 ± 250 nm for traditionally and coaxially spun PEO/cerium(III) nitrate dressings, respectively. Assay results indicated that the electrospun dressings contained cerium(III) nitrate properties, with the coaxially spun dressings containing 33% more cerium(III) nitrate than their traditionally spun counterparts. Finally, release studies revealed that PEO-based dressings released the entirety of their contents within the first hour with no detrimental cytocompatibility effects for coaxially-spun dressings. The study herein shows the successful incorporation of cerium(III) nitrate into an electrospun dressing.

Surgical treatment of alveolar echinococcosis: a single centre experience and systematic review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-173
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Alveolar Echinococcosis ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Single Centre Experience ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures

Introduction: Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a zoonosis caused by Echinococcus multilocularis. AE is primarily localised in the liver. Echinococcus multilocularis imitates tumour-like behaviour. It can metastasise through blood or lymphatic system to distant organs. Echinococcosis often remains asymptomatic due to its long incubation period and indistinct symptoms. Clinical symptoms are determined by the parasite’s location. Diagnosis of echinococcosis is based on medical history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, serology results, imaging methods and final histology findings. Surgical removal of the cyst with a safety margin, followed by chemotherapy is the therapeutic method of choice. Case report: We present a case report of alveolar echinococcosis in a thirty-year-old female patient in whom we surgically removed multiple liver foci of alveolar echinococcosis. The disease recurred after two years and required another surgical intervention. Conclusions: Alveolar echinococcosis is a disease with a high potential for a complete cure provided that it is diagnosed early and that the recommended therapeutic procedures are strictly adhered to.

scholarly journals Diagnosis, treatment, and misdiagnosis analysis of 28 cases of central nervous system echinococcosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojia Du ◽  
Yandong Li ◽  
Pan Wu ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Riqing Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Abstract Background To explore central nervous system (CNS) involvement in this disease, from the perspectives of diagnosis, treatment, and misdiagnosis Methods Twenty-eight patients with CNS echinococcosis were included in this retrospective study, including 18 males (64.3%) and 10 (35.7%) females. The average age of all the patients were 23.5 years (ranged 4–60 years). Twenty-three (23) patients (82.1%) received the first surgical resection in our hospital. Five (5) patients (17.9%) gave up surgical treatment for multiple-organ hydatidosis and previous surgery history at other hospitals, and albendazole was applied for a long-term (3–6 months) adjunct therapy for the 5 patients. The average follow-up time was 8 years. Results For the 28 patients, 23 cases received surgical treatments, and the diagnosis was confirmed by pathological examinations. The diagnosis of 4 cases of brain echinococcosis and 2 cases of spinal cord echinococcosis could not be confirmed, resulting in a misdiagnosis rate of 21.4% (6/28). For the pathological examination, a total of 17 cases were infected with Echinococcus granulosus (including 2 cases of spinal cord echinococcosis), and 6 cases were infected with Echinococcus alveolaris. Conclusion The diagnosis should be specifically considered in endemic regions. The clinical features of CNS hydatidosis were intracranial space-occupying lesions. For the treatment, the surgical removal of cysts should be necessary. In addition, the adjuvant therapy with drug and intraoperative prophylaxis is also suggested. The misdiagnosis may have resulted from atypical clinical features and radiographic manifestations, as well as the accuracy of hydatid immunologic test.

scholarly journals Intestinal Perforation during the Stabilization Period in a Preterm Infant with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. e51-e54
Author(s):  
Zbyněk Straňák ◽  
Karel Pýcha ◽  
Simona Feyereislova ◽  
Jaroslav Feyereisl ◽  
Michal Rygl
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Intestinal Perforation ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Stabilization Period ◽  
Early Surgical Intervention

Background Delayed surgery after stabilization of infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is an accepted strategy. However, the evidence favoring delayed versus immediate surgical repair is limited. We present an extremely rare case of a very low-birth-weight infant with prenatally diagnosed left-sided CDH and unexpected transmural bowel perforations developing within the postnatal stabilization period. Case Report A neonate born at 31st week of gestation with a birth weight of 1,470 g with antenatally diagnosed left-sided CDH presented with bowel dilation leading to transmural bowel perforations on the 2nd day of life. Meconium pleuroperitonitis resulted in severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome, pulmonary hypertension, multiple organ failure, and death. Conclusion In neonates with CDH deteriorating under standard postnatal management, intestinal perforation, and early surgical intervention should be considered.

Mixed Poloxamer Nanomicelles for the Anticonvulsant Lamotrigine Drug: Solubility, Micellar Characterization, and In-Vitro Release Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 5723-5735
Author(s):  
Sofiya Shaikh ◽  
Hemil Patel ◽  
Debes Ray ◽  
Vinod K. Aswal ◽  
Rakesh K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Burst Release ◽  
Drug Solubility ◽  
Biphasic Model ◽  
Release Studies ◽  
Stability Data ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Vitro Release

Recently the applications of Poloxamers in drug development is promising as it facilitated the drug molecule for delivering to the correct place, at the correct time and in the correct amount. Poloxamers can form nanomicelles to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs in order to increase solubility, stability and facilitate delivery at target. In this context, the solubilization of anticonvulsant lamotrigine (LMN) drug in a chain of Poloxamers containing different polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide noieties were examined. The results showed better solubilization of LMN in Poloxamers contain low CMTs while poor with Poloxamers having high CMTs. Systematic investigation of two mixed Poloxamer nanomicelles (P407:P403 and P407:P105) for LMN bioavailability at body temperature (37 °C) were investigated. The solubility of LMN was enhanced in mixed P407:P403 nanomicelles with the amount of P403 and reduced in mixed P407:P105 nanomicelles with the amount of P105. LMN encapsulated mixed Poloxamer nanomicelles were found spherical in shape with ~25 nm Dh sizes. The In-Vitro release profiles of mixed Poloxamer nanomicelles demonstrated the biphasic model with initial burst release and then slowly release of LMN. Better biocompatibility of LMN in the mixed P407:P403 nanomicelles was confirmed with stability data. The results of this work were proven the mixed P407:P403 nanomicelles as efficient nanocarriers for LMN.

scholarly journals Acute Abdomen—A Clinical Presentation of MIS-C in Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emrah Gün ◽  
Tanıl Kendirli ◽  
Edin Botan ◽  
Berrin Demir ◽  
Ergun Ergün ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Multiple Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Pathology Reports ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Abstract Objective Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is characterized by persistent fever, systemic hyperinflammation, and multiple-organ dysfunction. There are a few reports about MIS-C presenting with acute abdomen. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the clinical characteristics and treatment options for MIS-C-related acute abdomen and appendicitis. Methods This was a retrospective study conducted between April 2020 and October 2020 in our pediatric intensive care unit in Turkey. Patients between the ages of 1 month and 18 years who presented with acute abdomen and were ultimately diagnosed with MIS-C were included. Results Seven patients with a median age of 12.5 (interquartile range 10.5–13) years were enrolled. Four were females. The most frequent symptoms were fever, abdominal pain, and vomiting. Three patients had involvement of the appendix that required surgical intervention. All pathology reports were compatible with appendicitis. The other patients also had an acute abdomen. One patient had malignant hyperthermia during induction of anesthesia, so surgery was postponed and medical management was commenced. The clinical picture regressed with immunomodulation. All patients were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and steroids. Four patients with acute abdomens improved with immunomodulation, and surgery was not needed. Conclusion MIS-C may present with an acute abdomen. Immunomodulation should be considered instead of surgery if the clinical course is not complicated.

scholarly journals Renal stone disease: reasons for non-acceptance of surgical treatment among population of Western Rajasthan, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1001
Author(s):  
Rama Kishan Saran ◽  
Ravindra Purohit ◽  
Pradeep K. Sharma ◽  
M. K. Chhabra ◽  
Gordhan Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Renal Stone ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Renal Stone Disease ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Renal stone is a common disease in Western Rajasthan. The aim of this study was to identify the causes of patient with renal disease for opting alternative methods for treatment instead of surgical approach.Methods: A prospective study was conducted at the Department of Urology, Dr. SN Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan between August 2018 and July 2019. Patients with diagnosis of complicated renal stone disease including infected hydronephrosis, pyonephrosis, and calyceal rupture were enrolled in this study. Along with demographic characteristics patients were asked to enumerate causes for delay in seeking surgical intervention in sequential order and the reasons given by each patient were recorded separately.Results: A total of 80 patients with complicated renal stone disease were included in the study. Majority of the patients (77.50%) were men. Out of 80 patients, 32 patients were illiterate and 28 patients had primary level of education. Sixty-two patients reported only single reason for their negligence. Eleven and three patients reported two and three reasons, respectively. However, four patients could not provide any reason. The major cause reported by the patients (57.5%) for neglecting their disease was dependence and trust on alternative methods including ayurvedic medicines, homeopathic medicines, bhopas, and superstition.Conclusions: The majority of patients were belonged to lower socioeconomic class reported that dependence and trust on alternative methods including ayurvedic and homeopathic medicines are the major cause of neglecting their disease.

scholarly journals Topical Chitosan-Based Thermo-Responsive Scaffold Provides Dexketoprofen Trometamol Controlled Release for 24 h Use

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2100
Author(s):  
Luis Castillo-Henríquez ◽  
Pablo Sanabria-Espinoza ◽  
Brayan Murillo-Castillo ◽  
Gabriela Montes de Oca-Vásquez ◽  
Diego Batista-Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Burst Release ◽  
Release Studies ◽  
Dexketoprofen Trometamol ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Healing Wounds

Chronic and non-healing wounds demand personalized and more effective therapies for treating complications and improving patient compliance. Concerning that, this work aims to develop a suitable chitosan-based thermo-responsive scaffold to provide 24 h controlled release of Dexketoprofen trometamol (DKT). Three formulation prototypes were developed using chitosan (F1), 2:1 chitosan: PVA (F2), and 1:1 chitosan:gelatin (F3). Compatibility tests were done by DSC, TG, and FT-IR. SEM was employed to examine the morphology of the surface and inner layers from the scaffolds. In vitro release studies were performed at 32 °C and 38 °C, and the profiles were later adjusted to different kinetic models for the best formulation. F3 showed the most controlled release of DKT at 32 °C for 24 h (77.75 ± 2.72%) and reduced the burst release in the initial 6 h (40.18 ± 1.00%). The formulation exhibited a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) at 34.96 °C, and due to this phase transition, an increased release was observed at 38 °C (88.52 ± 2.07% at 12 h). The release profile for this formulation fits with Hixson–Crowell and Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetic models at both temperatures. Therefore, the developed scaffold for DKT delivery performs adequate controlled release, thereby; it can potentially overcome adherence issues and complications in wound healing applications.

Non-surgical Removal of Basal Cell Carcinoma by Apis Mellifera L Venom

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Samia Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Bee Venom ◽  
Surgical Removal

Background: Honeybee’s venom is potent anticancer drug without exhibiting any side effects. Skin Basal Cell Carcinoma (SBCC) is a common malignancy. It can cause significant local destructions depending on affected site. The diagnosis of SBCC can be suspected from clinical findings and confirmation of diagnosis histopathology. The present SBCC is recurrent and aggressive in the skin of head [upper right, in front of the right ear]; the patient was 65 years old in time of first intervention. Materials & Methods: Following the lesions primarily surgically excised, the malignant growths recurrent and visual recognition occurred after 1 year from first operation, then another (the second) surgical removal of SBCC from affected skin with removal of all skin layers near the affected site but another recurrence visually occurs after about 4 months, in the form of malignant growth in the skin of right ear. Dry honeybee’s venom 1 mg was dissolved in 1 ml dist. water as injectable solution. Moreover, ointment contains 2% bee venom was prepared to be used topically inside affected ear as injection is not possible. Results: Before this novel intervention, the desperate patient situation seems very dangerous; as the new growths appear as continuous spread near the removed skin, so that patient’s family decided to apply more noninvasive and non-surgical intervention. The only precaution was testing the patients to assure she is not hypersensitive to honeybees’ venom. The treatment performed by subcutaneous injection of 0.3 ml from prepared Honeybees venom (0.1 % conc.) in the skin of affected part of the ear. Subcutaneous infiltration was applied around the lesions of about 0.5 ml as well, topical application of the ointment inside inner part of affected ear. This process repeated daily with cleaning of the ear every time by suitable safe and sterile saline solutions. Management of healing process was enhanced by ascorbic acid solution as topical application on dead cancer cells and to help in exudates debris removal. The complete removal of malignant growths and recovery obtained after 1 month from first bee venom injections. No recurrence of SBCC seen for 3 yrs. Conclusions: Honeybees venom is highly effective and safe anticancer drug that can be used for all patients’ categories of all ages. Regarding the present case invasive surgical intervention was not the good choice from the beginnings, as recurrence and giving chance for spreading following the time lapse between every surgery.

Surgical removal of a symptomatic paracondylar process

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesch J. Shah ◽  
Jan Kaminsky ◽  
Vassilios I. Vougioukas
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Young Patient ◽  
Head Movement ◽  
Congenital Abnormality ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Craniocervical Junction ◽  
Severe Headache ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Rare Congenital Abnormality

The paracondylar process is a rare congenital abnormality of the craniocervical junction that has been identified as a causative agent for severe headache, neck pain, and restricted head movement. Although conservative treatment is usually sufficient, the authors report the case of a symptomatic paracondylar process in a young patient who required surgical intervention.

scholarly journals Persistent Umbilical Discharge from an Omphalomesenteric Duct Cyst Containing Gastric Mucosa

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanimozhi Tamilselvan ◽  
Arunodaya Mohan ◽  
Sarah Cheslyn-Curtis ◽  
Michael Eisenhut
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Congenital Abnormality ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Ectopic Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Duct Cyst ◽  
Omphalomesenteric Duct ◽  
First Case

Umbilical discharge in infancy is often attributed to infection or an umbilical granuloma. It is important to investigate if such a discharge is due to an underlying congenital abnormality because corrective surgical intervention may then be required. We present the first case of an infant with a persistent umbilical discharge from an omphalomesenteric duct cyst. The discharge was associated with periumbilical dermatitis. The dermatitis was most likely due to irritation of the skin by gastric acid produced by the ectopic gastric mucosa contained in the omphalomesenteric duct cyst. Both discharge and dermatitis resolved after surgical removal of the cyst.

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