scholarly journals An Optimization Approach Considering User Utility for the PV-Storage Charging Station Planning Process

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Yingxin Liu ◽  
Houqi Dong ◽  
Shengyan Wang ◽  
Mengxin Lan ◽  
Ming Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Model ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Capacity Allocation ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Single Level ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Linearization Methods ◽  
Planning Scheme ◽  
Charging Stations

Based on the comprehensive utilization of energy storage, photovoltaic power generation, and intelligent charging piles, photovoltaic (PV)-storage charging stations can provide green energy for electric vehicles (EVs), which can significantly improve the green level of the transportation industry. However, there are many challenges in the PV-storage charging station planning process, making it theoretically and practically significant to study approaches to planning. This paper promotes a bi-level optimization planning approach for PV-storage charging stations. First, taking PV-storage charging stations and EV users as the upper- and lower-level problems, respectively, during the planning process, a bi-level optimization model for PV-storage charging stations considering user utility is established for capacity allocation and user behavior-based electricity pricing. Second, the model is converted into a single-level mixed-integer linear programming model using the piecewise linear utility function, Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions, and linearization methods. Finally, to verify the validity of the proposed model and the solution algorithm, a commercial solver is used to solve the optimization model and obtain the planning scheme. The results show that the proposed bi-level optimization model can provide a more economical and reasonable planning scheme than the single-level model, and can reduce the investment cost by 8.84%, operation and maintenance cost by 13.23%, and increase net revenue by 5.11%.

scholarly journals Energy Management System Optimization of Drug Store Electric Vehicles Charging Station Operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6163
Author(s):  
Yongyi Huang ◽  
Atsushi Yona ◽  
Hiroshi Takahashi ◽  
Ashraf Mohamed Hemeida ◽  
Paras Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
Vehicle Charging ◽  
Charging Stations

Electric vehicle charging station have become an urgent need in many communities around the world, due to the increase of using electric vehicles over conventional vehicles. In addition, establishment of charging stations, and the grid impact of household photovoltaic power generation would reduce the feed-in tariff. These two factors are considered to propose setting up charging stations at convenience stores, which would enable the electric energy to be shared between locations. Charging stations could collect excess photovoltaic energy from homes and market it to electric vehicles. This article examines vehicle travel time, basic household energy demand, and the electricity consumption status of Okinawa city as a whole to model the operation of an electric vehicle charging station for a year. The entire program is optimized using MATLAB mixed integer linear programming (MILP) toolbox. The findings demonstrate that a profit could be achieved under the principle of ensuring the charging station’s stable service. Household photovoltaic power generation and electric vehicles are highly dependent on energy sharing between regions. The convenience store charging station service strategy suggested gives a solution to the future issues.

scholarly journals Locating Multiple Size and Multiple Type of Charging Station for Battery Electricity Vehicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaohua Cui ◽  
Hui Zhao ◽  
Huijie Wen ◽  
Cuiping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Range Limit ◽  
Mixed Integer Linear Program ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Initial Charge ◽  
Charging Stations

As environmental and energy issues have attracted more and more attention from the public, research on electric vehicles has become extensive and in-depth. As driving range limit is one of the key factors restricting the development of electric vehicles, the energy supply of electric vehicles mainly relies on the building of charging stations, battery swapping stations, and wireless charging lanes. Actually, the latter two kinds of infrastructure are seldom employed due to their immature technology, relatively large construction costs, and difficulty in standardization. Currently, charging stations are widely used since, in the real world, there are different types of charging station with various levels which could be suitable for the needs of network users. In the past, the study of the location charging stations for battery electric vehicles did not take the different sizes and different types into consideration. In fact, it is of great significance to set charging stations with multiple sizes and multiple types to meet the needs of network users. In the paper, we define the model as a location problem in a capacitated network with an agent technique using multiple sizes and multiple types and formulate the model as a 0–1 mixed integer linear program (MILP) to minimize the total trip travel time of all agents. Finally, we demonstrate the model through numerical examples on two networks and make sensitivity analyses on total budget, initial quantity, and the anxious range of agents accordingly. The results show that as the initial charge increases or the budget increases, travel time for all agents can be reduced; a reduction in range anxiety can increase travel time for all agents.

scholarly journals The location optimization of electric vehicle charging stations considering charging behavior

SIMULATION ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 625-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihui Tian ◽  
Wenbin Hou ◽  
Xiaoning Gu ◽  
Feng Gu ◽  
Baozhen Yao
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Cloud Model ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Location Optimization ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Cost Constraints ◽  
Charging Stations

The electric vehicle is seen as an effective way to alleviate the current energy crisis and environmental problems. However, the lack of supporting charging facilities is still a bottleneck in the development of electric vehicles in the Chinese market. In this paper, the cloud model is used to first predict drivers’ charging behavior. An optimization model of charging stations is proposed, which is based on waiting time. The target of this optimization model is to minimize the time cost to electric vehicle drivers. We use the SCE-UA algorithm to solve the optimization model. We apply our method to Dalian, China to optimize charging station locations. We also analyze the optimized result with or without behavior prediction, the optimized result of different numbers of electric vehicles, and the optimized result of different cost constraints. The analysis shows the feasibility and advantages of the charging station location optimization method proposed in this paper.

scholarly journals An Electric Taxi Charging Station Planning Scheme Based on an Improved Destination Choice Method

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi ◽  
Liu ◽  
Liao ◽  
Niu ◽  
Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Operation System ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Planning Scheme ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Ev Charging

The environmental crisis has prompted the development of electric vehicles as a green and environmentally friendly mode of travel. Since a reasonable layout of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations is the prerequisite for developing the EV industry, obtaining an optimal and efficient EV charging station planning scheme is a key issue. Although the Chinese government has carried out a plan to build EV charging piles in residential and working places, it cannot properly fulfill the task of matching the charging needs for public transportation vehicles such as electric taxis (ETs). How to evaluate the performance of fast charging stations (FCSs) and how to help find the optimal ET charging station planning scheme are new challenges. In this paper, an improved destination selection model is proposed to simulate the ET operation system and to help find the optimal ET charging station size with statistical analysis based on the charging need prediction. A numerical case study shows that the proposed method can address ET charging behavior well and can help to statistically determine the size of each ET charging station, which should satisfy the constraints on the preset proportion of the ET charging service requests.

scholarly journals A Power Exchange Strategy for Multiple Areas with Hydro Power and Flexible Loads

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1160
Author(s):  
Jichun Liu ◽  
Yangfang Yang ◽  
Yue Xiang ◽  
Junyong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Linearization Methods ◽  
Power Exchange ◽  
Purchase Cost

Areas with hydro power may purchase extra power from the outside power market during dry seasons, which will cause a deviation between the actual and expected power purchase amount due to the inaccurate judgment of the market situation. Because of the uncertainty of price fluctuations, the risk of purchasing power in the real-time market to eliminate this deviation is very high. This paper proposes an innovative trade mode, where the power exchange strategy between multiple areas is adopted through forming an alliance, i.e., one area can use the controllable elements within others, and constructing a monthly and post day-ahead two phase optimization model. The objective function of the monthly stochastic robust optimization considers the power purchase cost to determine the controllable elements dispatch dates for every area in the alliance. Thus, areas can make reasonable dispatch schedules for controllable elements to avoid the resource waste that means more controllable elements are prepared before post day-ahead optimization but less are used after post day-ahead optimization. While the post day-ahead optimization model determines the internal controllable elements dispatch and power exchange amount after the day-ahead market clearing process, users’ satisfaction and dispatch schedule changes for energy storage device are also considered. In order to solve the proposed two phase model, the dual principle and linearization methods are used to convert them into mixed-integer linear programming problems that can be effectively solved by the Cplex solver. The study case verifies the power deviation cost decreases with the power exchange strategy and the important role of energy storage devices.

scholarly journals Optimization Model of Key Equipment Maintenance Scheduling for an AC/DC Hybrid Transmission Network Based on Mixed Integer Linear Programming

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Cai ◽  
Shuyu Guo ◽  
Shuang Liao ◽  
Xing Chen ◽  
Shihong Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Model ◽  
System Reliability ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Maintenance Scheduling ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Transmission Network ◽  
Equipment Maintenance ◽  
Maintenance Period ◽  
Hybrid Transmission

The unbalanced distribution of resource and consuming centers in China has prompted the AC/DC hybrid transmission technology. The maintenance scheduling of an AC/DC hybrid transmission network is the key technology to ensure its safety and reliability. In this study, the mutual influence mechanism of an AC/DC system in a maintenance period was analyzed in detail. The overhead transmission line and transformer are key equipment within an AC/DC hybrid transmission network, and an optimization model of the key equipment maintenance scheduling was established. The objective of the model was to improve the system reliability during the maintenance scheduling. By considering the constraints of maintenance cost, maintenance resources, and maintenance workload, the maintenance scheduling of overhead transmission lines and transformer branches was obtained. The over-limit situation of power flow and the weakness of the system during the maintenance period was evaluated. The “double-layer substitution method” was adopted to convert the nonlinear constraints into its bilinear formulation such that it could then be solved. The random number sampling method was used to quantify the system reliability, and the commercial optimization software was used to solve the optimized scheduling. Based on the improved IEEE RTS-79 system and the Hubei Province electrical system, the simulation results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Partial Power Processing Based Converter for Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Stations

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Jon Anzola ◽  
Iosu Aizpuru ◽  
Asier Arruti
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Power Converters ◽  
Power Ratio ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Full Power ◽  
Processing Architectures ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Fast Charging Station ◽  
Partial Power Processing

This paper focuses on the design of a charging unit for an electric vehicle fast charging station. With this purpose, in first place, different solutions that exist for fast charging stations are described through a brief introduction. Then, partial power processing architectures are introduced and proposed as attractive strategies to improve the performance of this type of applications. Furthermore, through a series of simulations, it is observed that partial power processing based converters obtain reduced processed power ratio and efficiency results compared to conventional full power converters. So, with the aim of verifying the conclusions obtained through the simulations, two downscaled prototypes are assembled and tested. Finally, it is concluded that, in case galvanic isolation is not required for the charging unit converter, partial power converters are smaller and more efficient alternatives than conventional full power converters.

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